The History of Ireland

In this episode we look at the last dying gasps of the Irish Civil War and dive into the psychological genius of De Valera's order to dump arms.

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"I'm glad one of the old crowd got me" is what Liam Lynch said after he was shot in the Knockmealdown Mountains and in this episode we look at the dying breaths of both the anti-Treaty IRA and it's iron willed leader Liam Lynch.

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Irish men blowing each other to smithereens – there's a reason March 1923 is often referred to as the month of terror. In this episode we explore the Ballyseedy Massacre and the other similarly gruesome events that occurred in Kerry towards the end of the Irish Civil War.

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In this episode we look at the winter of 1922 into 1923 – time when the Civil War became increasingly bitter and the anti-Treaty side became more and more desperate.

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In this episode we join forces with Shite Talk History to tell the story of the amazing Harry Boland.

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In this episode we explore a friendship that ended in executions that was said to have "killed the new State at its birth.“

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In this episode we celebrate 1,000,000 downloads by going down the supernatural rabbit hole that is the history of Halloween.

From druids to evil spirts, from Christianity to capitalism, Halloween is a fascinating mix of ancient folk traditions, religion and more.

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In this episode we look at December 6th, the day the Irish Free State official came into being.

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In this episode we look at the creation of Irish Free State constitution which was brought into law on December 6th 1922.

Here's the Radiolab episode on the Irish electoral system that I mention in the show:

https://radiolab.org/podcast/tweak-vote

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In this episode we look at how the Catholic Church worked to bring about peace in 1922, choosing the Treaty and turning against the anti-Treaty Republicans.

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In this episode we look at the first series of executions carried out by the Free State in November 1922.

The image used for this episode is of Erskine Childers and his wife Molly, on their yacht the Asgard.

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In this episode we tell the sad story of Tadhg Kennefick and try to make sense of the horrific violence of the Irish Civil war.

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In this episode we look at what has been described as one of the most draconian pieces of legislation ever to be passed in a liberal democracy and see how the Special Powers Act was just one of the many ways that Ulster Unionists held on to power.

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In this episode we look at the second failed Craig-Collins pact and try to untangle the complicated web that was Michael Collins's approach to the North in 1922.

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From CS Lewis's bourgeois Protestant upbringing to Seamus Heaney's beautiful attempts at understanding his home, this episode I interview Alexander Poots author of The Strangers' House: Writing Northern Ireland and ask what Northern Irish writers can teach us about the history of the area. Sign up to Patreon for the full interview.

You can read more about the book, here:

https://www.twelvebooks.com/titles/alexander-poots/the-strangers-house/9781538701584/

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In this episode we look at the failed attempts to bring peace to Northern Ireland in 1922 and how this affected one poor family in particular.

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What's this? A new episode! Finally! Thanks so much for baring with me. Happy to say the show is back and raring to go. This episode takes a look at how the Northern Irish border was drawn and explains how we landed on the six counties.

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In this episode we investigate how the anti-Treaty IRA were coping, as well as the Army Emergency Power Resolution and its ramifications.

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In this episode we take a look at WT Cosgrave – the conservative witty Dubliner who replaced Arthur Griffith and Michael Collins to become the leader of the fledgling state.

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In this episode we examine the ramifications of Michael Collins death — his funeral the reprisals that followed, and who would take his place.

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In this episode we explore one of the most tragic (and hotly debated) moments of the Irish Civil War, the death of Michael Collins.

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A jam packed episode as we explore what was going on in and around the first week of August 1922.

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Loved this chat with Gerard Shannon, a fascinating historian currently writing a book on Liam Lynch. Over the course of the interview we get deep into the minds of the two leading figures of the anti-Treaty IRA. As ever the full hour long interview is available to Patreon subscribers.

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After the Four Courts was blown to smithereens fighting continued for several days in and around Dublin. In this episode we imagine what it must have been like for those hold up in the hotels, shops and homes transformed into military bases — and what it must have been like for those attacking them.

The image shows the Gresham Hotel in flames.

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In this episode we look at the event traditionally viewed as the start of the Irish Civil War. These first unsteady and unwilling steps into civil war paved the way for the brutality that would soon follow.

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Today on the centenary of the death of Michael Collins I'm sharing excerpts from an interview with Anne Dolan and Will Murphy authors of Michael Collins: The Man & The Revolution and Days in the Life, Reading the Michael Collins Diaries 1918-1922. Reading the Michael Collins Diaries just came out last week and it was fascinating to unpack what Anne and Will learned while putting the new book together.

Subscribe to Patreon to listen to the full episode. Enjoy!

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The death of Sir Henry Wilson is a complicated affair that gives us a fascinating insight into the intersectional nature of the Ireland at the time. Whether figuring out who ordered the hit or examining those involved — nothing is simple or straightforward.

The photo is of Reginald Dunne.

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In this episode we look at the election of 1922, which despite Sinn Fein's best efforts set a positive democratic tone for Irish politics for years to come.

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After chatting to a whole heap of listeners I've decided to bite the bullet and start aPatreon page. Though I'm dubious of podcasts constantly bugging listeners asking for money this will hopefully be a way to reward my most dedicated listeners while funding bigger and better things for the podcast. It'll be our own secret organisation — like the IRB but a little less violent.

The first piece of bonus content is an interview with Professor Colum Kenny. We chatted all things Arthur Griffith and I have I loved every minute of the conversation. I've included a teaser of the interview here but you can get the full thing at my new Patreon page.

I hope you enjoy and please get in touch if you have any feedback!

www.patreon.com/thehistoryofireland

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In this episode we look at the anti-Treaty IRA and ask whether Éamon de Valera could have done more to stop the Irish Civil War.

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In this episode we look at how the Treaty split Cumann na mBan and the implications this had for Irish women's movement in the new Irish Free State.

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The start of a new season! We continue our story and see how we moved slowly from the end of The War of Independence into the Irish Civil War.

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In this episode the Dail finally takes a vote on the Treaty. We look at the speeches that came before and after the vote, and how they set the scene for a nationwide split.

Keen eared listeners may hear some discrepancies in audio, please bear with me as I set up my new studio!

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In this episode we look at the Romantic Moralists versus the National Pragmatists and explore the reason why those against the treaty, were so very against it.

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In this episode we see how the Second Dail reacted to the Anglo-Irish Debates, covering the first half of the Treaty Debates.

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In this episode we look at the immediate aftermath of the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, specifically looking at how Eamon De Valera responded to what he saw as a monumental betrayal.

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In the second part of our episode on the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty we look at the very last moments of the treaty negotiation and break down what the Irish delegates were actually being asked to sign.

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In this episode get comfortable as the fly on the wall for the last of the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations. Ready yourself for a long day of Welsh Wizardry, fierce debate, and difficult decisions.

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In this episode we race back to Dublin for what turned out to be the last Dail Cabinet meeting before the signing of the treaty.

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In this episode we see how the pieces started slowly falling into place for the final treaty. We also look at one of the most controversial meetings of Arthur Griffith's career and ask whether or not he was duped by the Welsh Wizard.

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In this episode we explore the internal conflict on both the Irish and British sides of the negotiation table.

Check out Gretchen Frieman's amazing book The Treaty for more information on the talks.

Image is of Michael Collins leaving 10 Downing Street during the talks from Getty Images.

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Be warned, this is a whopper of an episode. Today we get deep into the nitty gritty of the first two weeks of the treaty negotiations.

Photo is of Lloyd George and Lord Birkenhead coming out of 10 Downing Street during the treaty negotiations.

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In this episode we introduce the British delegation and kick off the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations.

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Of all the figures of the Irish War of Independence none has been mythologised as much as Michael Collins. Today, we examine why...

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In this episode we continue our examination of the plenipotentiaries, who they were and why Dev chose them.

Image: George Gavan Duffy, Michael Collins and Arthur Griffith.

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In this episode we introduce the men that would be sent over to London to negotiate with the British, and ask the question why did Éamon de Valera not take part in the Anglo-Irish Treaty Negotiations.

Cover photo: George Gavan Duffy, Erskine Childers, Robert Barton and Arthur Griffith in a group.

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Today we continue our look at the political negotiations that went on between Dev and Lloyd George in the build up to the treaty negotiations.

Stress Dreams by Four in the Morning (if anyone is interested)

https://orcd.co/3vlq6rn

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In this episode we ask what did the men of the IRA and their leaders got up to during the Truce period? The answer starts to shed light on the division within the movement and help us lay down the foundations for one of the saddest parts of Irish history.

Image is of Richard Mulcahy.

UCD Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

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In this episode we follow Eamon De Valera as he steps into 10 Downing Street to negotiate with David Lloyd George, as the two men try to figure out what it is the other wants and how best to build on the Truce.

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Exactly one hundred years ago today, at 12 o'clock in the afternoon a truce between British forces and the Irish Republican Army came into effect. This truce effectively ended the Irish War of Independence, though know one knew that for sure at the time. In this episode we look at how the truce talks began and how the Irish population reacted to the prospect of a summer free of violence.

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In this episode we ask whether the only military operation discussed and approved by the Dail was a propaganda masterstroke or a military blunder...

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In this episode we look at everything going on in March, April and May of 1921. These last months were the bloodiest of the war and both sides were starting to struggle.

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In the second part of our episode on violence against women during the Irish War of Independence we look sexual violence and why it was grossly underreported during the period.

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In the first of a two part episode we explore violence against women during the Irish War of Independence.

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In this episode we interrogate the relationship between the IRA and the Irish public. From farmers happily donating their hard earned cash to informers shot and left as a warning for others, people across Ireland interacted with the IRA in very different ways.

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In this episode we explore how the violence War of Independence ramped up in 1921 and explore how one safe house in Clonmult turned out to be anything but safe.

The image from this episode is borrowed from The Battle of Clonmult by Tom O'Neil.

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In this episode Eamon de Valera finally returns to Ireland and we look at the effect this had on the movement...

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In today's episode we look at the very first tentative steps towards a truce. Spoiler alert, it all falls a part and paves the way for bloodiest months of the entire conflict.

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In this episode drunken arsons come face to face with courageous fire fighters in one of the most cataclysmic reprisals of the war. It really did act as a violent full stop to 1920.

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We are back people! After a little bit of a Christmas break we're ready and raring to go. In this episode we take a detailed look at how a bunch of 20 something year old's from Cork wiped out what was meant to be one of the British forces most elite unites.

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In this the last of our series on Bloody Sunday 1920 we look at what happened in Dublin Castle on the evening of the 21st, try and uncover who of the IRA's targets were actually guilty and examine the wider effects of Bloody Sunday on The Irish War of Independence.

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Today we look at one of the most brutal reprisals carried out by the British so far in the War of Independence. One that left a distinct mark on the GAA and shook Dublin to its very core.

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In this the first of a three parts, we look at how Ormond Winter took the intelligence fight to the IRA and how in retaliation they carried out the biggest single attack Dublin saw throughout the war.

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In the last episode we look at the Irish approach to the war in quite broad strokes. Today we dive into the specifics, detailing a raid on a group of RIC men guarding a bread lorry and then looking at the propaganda battle that followed. A propaganda battle focused on one 18 year old medical student — Kevin Barry.

If you're interested in the version of the Ballad of Kevin Barry that was performed at the end of the episode you can check out more of Ciaran Boyle's music here: https://open.spotify.com/artist/49k7nWdOivgaMRjygriPZ8?si=rsNb9fI4Qdihh6c5sSxP4g or follow him on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ciaranboylemuso

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In this episode we look at the structure of the IRA and Cumann na mBan, and how they worked against the British in the later half of 1920.

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In this episode we look at how a few pints of a Monday night turned into one of the most infamous reprisals events of 1920.

For further information, check out the full talk from Jim Walsh of Balbriggran Historicla here:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Gs6hfcBCMo&feature=emb_title

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In this episode we introduce Terence MacSwiney, the Lord Mayor of Cork who became famous all over the world after he went on a hunger strike in protest against his arrest by the British.

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This week we travel to India and look at the complex interactions between the Irish and India, all through the lens of a remarkable (but admittedly inconsequential) mutiny on June 28th 1920 in Jalandhar, India.

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In this episode we discuss the second paramilitary force set up in Ireland to combat the IRA. An elite squad of veteran officers the Auxies as they became known were a step above the Black and Tans, and were maybe even more deadly.

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In this episode we look at how the Dail met to decide what to do about the sectarian violence raging through Ulster in the summer of 1920. Their decision? Well let's just say it didn't have quite the affect they were hoping for.

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Bang on 100 years ago on July 21st 1920, riots erupted in the Belfast shipyards. This week we investigate what was the cause and continue to look at Northern Ireland throughout the 1920s. We also introduce the Ancient Order of Hibernians, discuss pogroms and try to untangle a very complicated summer.

www.thehistoryofireland.com

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We've hit over 150,000 downloads and to celebrate I've teamed up with the amazing Luke Healy to put together some kick ass merch.

It's a great way to help support the show, plus who doesn't love a historically themed tshirt? As always, keen to hear what you folks think.

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Check it all out at:

https://thehistoryofireland.bigcartel.com

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The Ulster Question, as it was known, is a tough one to crack. In this episode we try and unpack the complexities of the region and explain why it wasn't until the summer of 1920 that Ulster really started to feel the impact of the Irish War of Independence.

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The summer of 1920 was not all that different from 2020. In this episode we kick off that scary summer with a look at the Listowel Mutiny where a few good RIC men argued against the violence being asked of them.

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Mustaches, mistaken outbursts and the truth behind John Jameson. In this episode we look at how the Irish intelligence network bested one of Britain's top spies.

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In this episode we delve back into the Intelligence side of the war to investigate how Michael Collins and his men went about recruiting potential allies from Britain. A complicated and careful process, where things often weren't as they seemed.

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In this episode we look at the Irish Labour movement in 1920 an how a few stubborn train drivers brought the country to a standstill in a bid to hinder British attempts at regaining control over the country.

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In this episode we see how a friendly day of fishing turned into a high profile kidnapping and a PR win for the IRA. As well as explore why the fate of Brigadier General Cuthbert Lucas is the perfect way to demonstrate both the IRA's power and limitations as of June of 1921.

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In this episode we look at how a walk through the Limerick countryside led to a revolutionary new kind of unit that were vital in the IRA's survival against the British. Yep, today look at how the Flying Columns were formed.

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In this episode we look at some the factors that influenced how the IRA developed their fighting style against the British. To do this we jump back all the way to 1889 and travel South Africa.

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In this episode we hold an imaginary trial to decide who should be held responsible for the murder of Tomas MacCurtain, the Lord Mayor of Cork.

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In this episode we examine the men who made up the notorious Black & Tans and the impact they had when they first arrived in Ireland. There has been a lot of discussion around these men in the last few months so it was fascinating to dive in and see who they really were. Criminals? Shell shocked war vets? Or just opportunistic mercenaries? Like all things, the answer is always more complicated than it seems but is vital in understanding what happened next in the War of Independence.

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This episode we ask the question, who created the Black and Tans?

The men behind the British policy in 1919 and 1920 did not want to believe they were at war in Ireland and instead chose to push the narrative that Sinn Fein and the IRA were a simple "murder gang". So rather than sending in the army they further militarised the police in Ireland. Yep, in this episode we look at how David Lloyd George and Winston Churchill created one of the most hated groups in Irish history.

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So I've had a few episodes about the show, and a few random ones, so I thought I'd answer them all in one episode before we get back into the thick of it. Hope you enjoy and if you've any other questions get in touch at historyofirelandpodcast@gmail.com

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Did someone say special Christmas episode? In a fortuitous coincidence it's the 26th episode on the 26th of December, which happens to be Wren Day! So we're taking a break from the War of Independence and exploring the weird semi pagan world of Wran Boys!

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It's 1920 and The War of Independence is really heating up. We look at how the IRA up the ante and took the fight to the RIC, while also examine the British's slightly unfocused approach to the increased violence

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1920 was a year that really saw The Irish War of Independence tilt into full swing. But just as important as the military aspect, was the politics and one often overlooked side of this was the local elections that were carried out in January and June of 1920. As well as that we introduce Eoin O'Duffy – a Republican hero and Ireland's answer to Mussolini.

In the episode I make a shameless plug for my band's new EP. You can check it out at the link below, if you're so inclined.

Listen to Four In The Morning – Safe Happy Scared

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In this episode we explore the ambush of Lord French in December 1919. It shook the country and set the scene for the escalation in the conflict in 1920.

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First off, I'm so sorry that this episode has taken so long. As life gets a little more hectic in the real world I'll be shifting towards fortnightly episodes. Hope you don't mind.

With a cruel sense of irony, in this delayed episode, I'll be discussing The Irish Bulletin. A Republican newspaper that did not miss a single issue throughout the entire war. Go figure. It was vital to the war effort and written by an eclectic mix of fanatical Catholics, switched on secretaries and famous novelists.

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In this episode we explore the British confused Irish policy throughout 1919 and explore what finally convinced them to ban the Dáil.

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In this episode we discuss the founding of The Squad, the IRA's team of professional assassins, and look at how they botched their very fist mission.

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This week we finally introduce David Nelligan, one of the Irish Intelligence networks most successful spies and learn how Michael Collins convinced him to turn double agent.

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In this episode we introduce the spy Ned Broy and tell the story of how he snuck Michael Collins into the G Divisions headquarters one April night in 1919.

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In this, the second episode on the the Irish intelligence network we meet the men who became undercover operatives inside the G Division, as well as the amazing librarian who helped introduce them to Collins and his team.

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How does a small island go about defeating one of the biggest empires in the world? By outsmarting them, over and over again. In this episode, the first of three parts, we explore the the intelligence warfare of The War of Independence and the amazing women who were perfectly placed to spy on the British.

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In this episode we explore the nitty gritty of getting a government off the ground. You need propaganda, money and proof that you can run things smoothly.

In 1919 the Dáil was working on all three. So strap in and get excited for government loans, court systems and more. Don't worry it's fascinating, trust me.

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This is the second part of our two part episode on the Limerick Soviet. After the death of Bobby Byrne things really kicked off, with Limerick creating it's own strange little socialist mini-state.

There's one mess up of a sentence in there, 10 points to Gryffindor if you can spot it.

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In this, the first of two episodes looking at the Limerick Soviet we follow how one angry postman kicked off a strange and short lived mini socialist state in Limerick.

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In this episode we follow Eamon De Valera after his breakout from Lincoln Gaol. What does he do now that he can return to Ireland, well he decides to head off to the United States.

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