Talk to Al Jazeera

The documentary Israelism examines the rift among Jews regarding Palestine, highlighting young people's increasing criticism of Israel and Zionism.

This divide is driven by firsthand accounts of Israel's actions in Gaza and the occupied West Bank.

As the film faces opposition from groups trying to cancel its screenings, its main protagonist, Simone Zimmerman, and its co-director and producer, Erin Axelman, talk to Al Jazeera.

Amid rising gang violence in Haiti, Santo Domingo fears spillover effects. With criminal gangs dominating most of Haiti's capital, the Dominican Republic faces human and security ramifications.

What steps will the Dominican government take to confront these challenges?

We explore these critical issues as the Dominican Republic's Foreign Minister Roberto Alvarez Gil talks to Al Jazeera.

Spain's Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez ends his latest Middle East tour in Qatar.

The Gulf state has hosted several talks on ending Israel's war on Gaza, and Sanchez's calls for a ceasefire have resonated worldwide as the death toll now stands at about 33,000.

Spain's foreign policy extends beyond the Middle East. It balances relations with major powers like the United States and Russia while navigating the broader implications of the war in Ukraine.

How will Spain manage this era of global challenges and a rapidly changing international landscape?

The Spanish prime minister, Pedro Sanchez, talks to Al Jazeera.

Journalists, especially in war zones, face immense challenges in reporting conflict realities.

In the context of Israel’s war on Gaza, their role has been pivotal in exposing the devastation and suffering.

Among these journalists, Wael Dahdouh, Al Jazeera Arabic Gaza bureau chief, stands out for his dedication to covering his homeland’s conflicts over 25 years.

Despite personal losses, including family deaths in air strikes and his own injuries, Dahdouh’s commitment remains unwavering.

His story, highlighted during an interview in Doha, where he receives medical treatment, exemplifies journalistic courage and resilience.

Wael Dahdouh talks to Al Jazeera.

Since Israel's inception in 1948, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has centred on the occupied Palestinian territory, human rights violations and Palestinian self-determination, leading to cycles of violence and failed peace efforts.

The Oslo Accords in 1993 led to the appointment of a United Nations special coordinator to oversee regional peace initiatives.

Amid Israel's continuing war on Gaza, with severe humanitarian crises and escalating violence, the coordinator faces the challenging task of navigating this complex and volatile landscape.

Find out more as the UN special coordinator for the Middle East peace process, Tor Wennesland, talks to Al Jazeera.

From Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship to democracy, Chile has navigated a complex history marked by human rights abuses.

Efforts to reconcile with its past continue amid social movements and constitutional debates.

We explore the nation's journey that reflects the enduring impact of authoritarian rule and the continuing quest for justice as Carolina Toha, Chile's interior minister, talks to Al Jazeera.

In this episode, we explore the essential role of non-governmental organisations in confronting global emergencies.

The International Rescue Committee, initiated by Albert Einstein, is known for its impactful work.

The organisation delivers aid and hope to at-risk populations in conflict zones, notably Gaza, marked as the most hazardous area for civilians and aid workers.

Amid turmoil in Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Ukraine, David Miliband, president of the International Rescue Committee, talks to Al Jazeera.

Indonesian Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi discusses her country's stance at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on Israel's occupation of Palestine amid the Gaza conflict.

Highlighting Indonesia's advocacy for Palestinian rights and the adherence to international law, Marsudi also confronts concerns over declining democracy under President Joko Widodo.

As Indonesia faces a presidential transition to Prabowo Subianto, she reflects on whether she would like to continue in office, emphasising the nation's role on the global stage.

Indonesian Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi talks to Al Jazeera.

Sebastiao Salgado's photography, initially rooted in news, evolved into a profound documentary-style work that captures human and environmental narratives.

His work spans from the raw realities of Brazil's Mina Pelada goldmines, African famines, and the Rwandan genocide to the beauty and urgency of conservation and the lives of indigenous communities.

Salgado's lens reveals the depth of human resilience, fragility, and the natural world, transforming his images into more than documentation but a testament to the human soul and Earth's imperative beauty.

We explore his journey as photographer Sebastiao Salgado talks to Al Jazeera.

In an era where freedom of expression faces unprecedented challenges globally, Irene Khan stands as a beacon of hope.

With a rich background in human rights advocacy, Khan has battled against censorship, intimidation and the suppression of free speech.

Her efforts underscore the importance of this fundamental human right in holding the powerful to account, even as wars and repressive regimes threaten its very existence.

We explore her mission to ensure that voices worldwide can speak out without fear as Irene Khan, the UN Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Opinion and Expression, talks to Al Jazeera.

Tracing Norway’s diplomatic journey from Trygve Lie’s pivotal role as the first United Nations secretary-general to its instrumental part in the Oslo Accords, a landmark agreement in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, Norway has long been a beacon of international peace and neutrality.

Its commitment to these principles faces new tests with the current war on Gaza, raising questions about its arms export policies and the indirect implications for regions in turmoil.

Amid these complexities, Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide talks to Al Jazeera.

Amidst challenges like poverty, protests and the impact of climate change, Rio de Janeiro’s Mayor Eduardo Paes focuses on transforming the city.

In his third term, he’s developing Rio as a smart city, blending technology with environmental sustainability and social integration.

In response to climate change, Paes aims for as many as 40 percent "green" jobs by 2030.

Reflecting on Rio’s experience in hosting the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics, his advice is to avoid simultaneous events.

Find out more as the mayor of Rio de Janeiro, Eduardo Paes, talks to Al Jazeera.

Amidst challenges like poverty, protests and the impact of climate change, Rio de Janeiro’s Mayor Eduardo Paes focuses on transforming the city.

In his third term, he’s developing Rio as a smart city, blending technology with environmental sustainability and social integration.

In response to climate change, Paes aims for as many as 40 percent "green" jobs by 2030.

Reflecting on Rio’s experience in hosting the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics, his advice is to avoid simultaneous events.

Find out more as the mayor of Rio de Janeiro, Eduardo Paes, talks to Al Jazeera.

In a world where literature often mirrors the pulsating heart of society, Paul Lynch’s Prophet Song stands out as a beacon of emotional and narrative depth.

This masterpiece delves into the complexities of human experience, weaving a story that resonates deeply with the themes of tyranny and resilience.

Set against a backdrop that parallels global conflicts, Lynch portrays the struggles of a mother in a totalitarian regime, drawing parallels with real-world events.

We dissect how his novel is a poignant exploration of human spirit under oppression as Booker Prize winner, Paul Lynch talks to Al Jazeera.

Once a 15th-century maritime power, Portugal sparked the Age of Discovery and established a global empire.

But, as the winds of change swept around the world in the 19th century, Portugal entered an era marked by decolonisation and a shift towards democratic principles in international relations.

How does this history shape Portuguese diplomacy amid contemporary global conflicts like those in Gaza and Ukraine?

Foreign Minister Joao Gomes Cravinho discusses Portugal's strategies and reflects on its transformative journey as he talks to Al Jazeera.

Following the Cold War’s ideological rift, East-West rivalry persists, fuelled by advances in AI, cybersecurity, telecommunications and biotechnology.

Emerging from conflict, Serbia, once a war-torn nation, has left its pariah status behind.

Two decades after reintegration into the international community, it focuses on science and technology to bridge global divides.

Jelena Begovic, Serbia’s minister of science, technological development and innovation, talks to Al Jazeera about the nation’s advancements and its future aspirations.

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Social media has revolutionised our understanding and perception of wars and conflicts.

Platforms like Instagram, Snapchat and TikTok, with their real-time, unfiltered content, offer a new perspective that’s immediate and often raw.

These platforms enable users worldwide to witness conflicts like the war on Gaza as they unfold, offering a variety of viewpoints that traditional media may not cover.

This shift has led to a more multifaceted and grassroots-level narrative, one which we will explore as influencers Nicole Jenes and Rathbone talk to Al Jazeera.

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The United Nations, a longtime advocate for human rights through treaties and laws, faces stark realities.

Despite its efforts, rights violations persist, especially in conflict zones like Gaza, Sudan and Ukraine, where life, safety and basic needs are severely compromised.

Meanwhile, emerging technologies and the climate crisis further challenge these rights.

Addressing these critical issues, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Turk, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Nine weeks into Israel’s war on the Gaza Strip, the United Nations faces increasing challenges in delivering aid to the besieged and bombarded enclave.

Israel’s offensive has displaced 85 percent of the population. About 1.3 million people are crammed into UN facilities there, exceeding their capacity four times over. These facilities have also been frequent targets of Israeli attacks.

Additionally, the killings of humanitarian aid workers in air strikes further complicate the crisis.

This situation raises concerns about the UN’s ability to operate in Gaza effectively.

Martin Griffiths, the UN undersecretary-general for humanitarian affairs and emergency relief coordinator, provides insights on these issues as he talks to Al Jazeera.

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For 74 years, the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, UNRWA, has provided healthcare, education and social services to many.

Yet, the war on Gaza has severely affected UNRWA as Israeli air strikes have hit its facilities and killed at least 130 of its humanitarian workers.

UNRWA’s work was recognised at the Doha Forum 2023, where we caught up with its commissioner general.

Philippe Lazzarini talks to Al Jazeera.

For 74 years, the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, UNRWA, has provided healthcare, education and social services to many.

Yet, the war on Gaza has severely affected the UNRWA as Israeli air strikes have hit its facilities and killed at least 130 of its humanitarian workers.

The UNRWA’s work was recognised at the Doha Forum 2023, where we caught up with its commissioner general.

Philippe Lazzarini talks to Al Jazeera.

In a world grappling with its geopolitics being fragmented, the East versus West competition for power is seemingly threatening to divide and polarise the global order.

Russia's ability to selectively influence leaders and events in various parts of the world is vital when discussing international crises.

On this special edition of Talk to Al Jazeera, we go to the Doha Forum 2023, where we connect with Russia's top diplomat to discuss the war on Gaza and Ukraine and his country’s apparently contradicting stands on both conflicts.

The Russian Foreign Minister, Sergey Lavrov, talks to Al Jazeera.

Born in Senegal and raised in France, Patrice Evra rose to fame playing for Manchester United and Juventus, facing racism on and off the pitch.

Later in his career, Evra revealed that he was sexually abused as a child by a schoolteacher, a secret he kept for 25 years.

Now retired from football, he advocates against child sexual abuse as a UN ambassador and uses his social media presence to fight racism in sports.

Evra has also ventured into technology investments, participating in the Web Summit in Lisbon, where we caught up with him.

Patrice Evra talks to Al Jazeera.

Since the start of Israel's war on Gaza after Hamas's surprise attack on October 7, Iran's role has been a subject of speculation. Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran's supreme leader, has denied the country's involvement but labelled the offensive a success.

The conflict has killed thousands and left nearly two million displaced. After a weeklong truce, Israeli attacks recommenced, casting the spotlight on Iran's next moves.

For an in-depth look at the Iranian position on these rapidly evolving events, Kamal Kharazi, Iran's former foreign minister and current adviser to the supreme leader, talks to Al Jazeera.

Brazil, renowned for its cultural diversity and vast rainforests, is experiencing significant political transformation.

Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva’s return to power marked a departure from Jair Bolsonaro’s conservative government. This shift heralds a renewed focus on social welfare, poverty reduction, and inclusive growth, mirroring Lula’s previous term in the 2000s.

However, Brazil’s journey is mired in global challenges, from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine to the war on Gaza. These issues raise important questions about Brazil’s role and position as a major global economy.

We explore these complexities as Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva talks to Al Jazeera.

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As the easternmost European Union member, Finland, historically neutral, pivots towards NATO in response to Russia’s Ukraine invasion, new geopolitical challenges arise: increased Russian espionage, cyberattacks and potential election interference, the Finnish government says.

Additionally, a surge of asylum seekers, allegedly directed by Russia, strains stability.

Amid these tensions, Finland’s $345m Israeli defence deal, which many see as conflicting with its stance on Gaza, sparks debate.

Discussing these complex issues, Finnish Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen talks to Al Jazeera.

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Following his return from strategic talks in Germany and as the war on Gaza nears its 50th day, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan delves into Turkey’s role in humanitarian efforts.

At a pivotal moment, he discusses Turkey’s relationship with Hamas and whether Western pressure exists. Fidan also reflects on what it would take to sever diplomatic ties with Israel completely.

Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan shares these insights with Al Jazeera.

Lisbon, famed for its golden sunsets and cobbled streets, stands rich in history and resilience.

It has weathered earthquakes and political and economic turmoil, cultivating a strong spirit.

Currently, the city navigates issues like gentrification, a housing crisis and climate threats.

As Portugal’s capital evolves into a leading tech and remote-working hub, it faces the challenge of evenly distributing financial benefits among its citizens.

Amid Portugal’s political upheaval, including Prime Minister Antonio Costa’s resignation due to corruption inquiries, how might these national events influence Lisbon’s transformation?

The Mayor of Lisbon, Carlos Moedas, talks to Al Jazeera.

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As the war on Gaza escalates, the United Nations’ stark divisions delayed a resolution for three weeks.

Senior human rights official Craig Mokhiber resigned, protesting against the UN’s silence on the "wholesale slaughter of the Palestinian people" by the Israeli army. In his resignation, Mokhiber criticised the UN’s inaction in the face of “genocide” in the Gaza Strip.

With Israel’s war on Gaza intensifying, Craig Mokhiber, the former director of the New York office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, talks to Al Jazeera.

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It’s been 10 years since Venezuelan leader Hugo Chavez died.

In the years that followed, the country, home to the world’s largest oil reserves, suffered economic collapse, political chaos and a mass exodus.

As Venezuelans face poverty and struggle to survive, more than 7 million have left the country in search of protection and a better life, according to the United Nations.

Have foreign powers played a role in the country’s stalemate? And is there still a way out of Venezuela’s impasse?

Venezuelan Foreign Minister Yvan Gil talks to Al Jazeera.

As the war on Gaza continues to escalate, the Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi talks to Al Jazeera about his country’s position on the continuing ground offensive.

Navi Pillay chairs the United Nations Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Israel.

Weeks before Hamas carried out its October 7 surprise offensive in southern Israel, and Israel launched a major military operation in Gaza, Pillay released a report.

It says: "The commission finds the increasingly militarised law enforcement operations of Israel and repeated attacks by Israel on Gaza are aimed at maintaining its unlawful 56-year occupation."

With the latest escalation now in its third week, Navi Pillay talks to Al Jazeera.

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As the war on Gaza is well into its third week, many are alarmed about the impact it could have on the occupied West Bank.

While Gaza is governed by Hamas, the occupied West Bank is governed by the Palestinian Authority, led by Fatah. Both factions want an independent Palestinian state.

However, their struggle for self-determination and autonomy has substantial historical differences.

But will a further escalation of the conflict in Gaza result in Fatah and Hamas putting aside their differences to join forces?

The Palestinian Prime Minister, Mohammad Shtayyeh, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Following Hamas's offensive in southern Israel on October 7, the Israeli army has targeted apartment blocks, hospitals, mosques and churches in Gaza, killing thousands of Palestinians.

Only on October 21, 14 days into the war, a few trucks carrying food, medicine and water were allowed into the Gaza Strip.

Will there be unconditional access to life-saving aid in Gaza as the conflict escalates?

We spoke to one of the regional heads of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) involved in the emergency response.

Mamadou Sow talks to Al Jazeera.

Last year, hundreds of people in Sierra Leone took to the streets in frustration at rising inflation and economic hardship. The protests turned violent and led to deaths.

Since then, President Julius Maada Bio has been re-elected, but there were accusations of widespread irregularities in the poll in June.

A former coup leader in the 1990s, Bio’s first civilian term was recognised for championing education and women’s rights. But after the recent coups in the region, does Sierra Leone face a similar risk?

Julius Maada Bio, the president of Sierra Leone, talks to Al Jazeera.

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For many, the Maldives represents the perfect Indian Ocean beach holiday destination.

But beyond the five-star resorts, turquoise waters and white sand lie major geopolitical interests.

The archipelago has turned into a political battleground for India and China.

As preparations for president-elect Mohamed Muizzu's swearing-in ceremony on November 17 get under way, Talk to Al Jazeera travels to Male, the capital of the Maldives, to find out how regional dynamics may change under his administration and what this could mean for the country and its people.

The president-elect of the Maldives, Mohamed Muizzu, talks to Al Jazeera.

Paul Kagame has ruled Rwanda for 23 years.

The small, landlocked country of 13 million people has come a long way since the civil war and genocide of 1994. Rwanda’s significant progress in education, technology, healthcare and security has made the nation an African success story.

But is living under Kagame’s government an African utopia? And as his influence in the region expands along with the country’s geopolitical role, is Rwanda proving a disruptive force in the region?

The president of Rwanda, Paul Kagame, talks to Al Jazeera.

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The military seized power in oil-rich Gabon on August 30, 2023.

It put President Ali Bongo Ondimba under house arrest, ending the Bongo family’s 56-year rule.

General Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, a cousin of the president, led that coup. The military leader appointed Raymond Ndong Sima as the prime minister of his transitional government.

Was the coup in Gabon just a family crisis to push the country’s rule into the hands of a different branch of the same elite?

Raymond Ndong Sima, prime minister of the transitional government of Gabon, talks to Al Jazeera.

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As world leaders gathered in New York for the 78th United Nations General Assembly, Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte led his country's delegation for the last time.

After 13 years in power, the Netherlands' longest-serving premier is leaving office after a dispute about immigration led to the collapse of his coalition government.

In this episode, we examine the political and diplomatic legacy of the politician nicknamed "Teflon Mark", who is known for being a resilient operator.

The prime minister of the Netherlands, Mark Rutte, talks to Al Jazeera.

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For almost two decades, Somali forces, backed by the international community, have been fighting al-Shabab.

But despite international support, the armed group remains influential in the south and centre of Somalia.

Now, the government is launching a sweeping offensive to retake al-Shabab territory. President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud is personally leading the fight, but that is not the only challenge facing the government.

Long years of drought, political divisions and the rise of autonomous regions pose significant problems.

These are some of the topics the Somali prime minister, Hamza Abdi Barre, talks to Al Jazeera about.

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Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has welcomed the world's 20 largest economies in New Delhi.

The G20 bloc accounts for more than 80 percent of global gross domestic product and 75 percent of international trade. But as the international community increasingly deals with opposing interests and geopolitical dynamics, many question if it serves any purpose.

The United Nations secretary-general is mandated to help resolve situations threatening global peace and security.

Can a summit overshadowed by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, a global economy in distress and an escalating climate crisis set the global agenda?

Antonio Guterres, UN secretary-general, talks to Al Jazeera.

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In 2015, a 21-year-old asylum seeker from Syria made it to the Greek island of Lesbos in a rubber boat.

Ryyan Alshebl’s journey continued by train, bus and on foot across Europe until he reached Germany.

German officials sent him to the rural Swabia region. He arrived seeking asylum, not knowing what the future had in store for him.

At 29, and against all odds, Alshebl is now the mayor of the town of Ostelsheim.

In this edition of Talk to Al Jazeera, we speak to Mayor Ryyan Alshebl and explore his journey, success story, and future dreams.

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As AI-driven robots become more intelligent and more autonomous, could they also become powerful or harmful?

The robot named Sophia was created in 2016 by the Hong Kong-based company Hanson Robotics.

Sophia’s AI technology has surpassed a simple combination of science and engineering. She has also become an innovation ambassador for the United Nations.

But what should we humans expect as we begin to accept the presence of AI robots in our everyday life?

Sophia talks to Al Jazeera.

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Yoshua Bengio's work in the 1990s and 2000s has contributed to the foundations of chatbots like OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Bard.

Today, Bengio is one of the biggest voices warning the world about the necessity of having control and regulations on artificial intelligence (AI) technology.

He testified before a United States congressional hearing, warning that the frantic pace of AI development, in the wrong hands, could be used to create biological weapons.

So, is AI an existential threat to humanity? Or is it a tool that will transform our lives for the better?

Computer Scientist Yoshua Bengio talks to Al Jazeera.

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Many regard the United States as a superpower. Yet more than 13 percent of adults in the country cannot read or write above third-grade level. That’s the same as an eight-year-old.

Censorship of library books is also on the rise.

The American Library Association reported a record number of demands to censor books last year. The more than 1,600 contested titles address mainly race and gender issues.

With more calls for censorship, the issue has become increasingly politicised. So will the "land of the free" remain so for readers?

Tracie Hall, the executive director of the American Library Association, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Dementia affects 55 million people worldwide, and its most common form, Alzheimer's, accounts for about 70 percent of all cases.

At the Alzheimer's Association International Conference, the largest congress advocating dementia science, held in Amsterdam this month, a pharmaceutical company disclosed details of its trials of a new drug: donanemab.

The American company, Eli Lilly, expects the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to decide by the end of 2023 whether to approve what it is calling a "breakthrough" drug.

But is this medication the best way forward? Or does it just supply cash flow for the pharmaceutical industry?

Leading dementia scientists Edo Richard and Craig Ritchie talk to Al Jazeera.

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In 2017 in Nigeria, Dr Dimie Ogoina diagnosed the world’s first known case of mpox in nearly 40 years. He rang the alarm bells, but the world refused to listen.

Five years later, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization declared mpox a public health emergency of international concern.

As the crisis unfolded, Ogoina’s observations became critical to developing strategies to prevent and control the outbreak.

In May this year, the WHO ended the mpox health emergency after 10 months, but is it over in the Global South?

Dr Dimie Ogoina talks to Al Jazeera.

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What the United Nations describes as "a state of mental well-being" is crucial for our socioeconomic development.

Despite an increasing acknowledgement of the critical role mental health plays in our lives, sufferers of mental health conditions are often stigmatised and discriminated against.

For more than 25 years, Devora Kestel, who leads mental health efforts at the World Health Organization (WHO), has been one of the loudest voices in the field, implementing and advising governments on policies related to mental health systems.

So what are the consequences of inadequate mental health policies?

Devora Kestel, the Director of Mental Health and Substance Use at the WHO, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Kenya is known for its geography, wildlife and rich culture.

It is also home to some of the world's best athletes.

It is the country with the most Olympic medals in Africa, 113 since it first participated at the Olympic Games in Melbourne in 1956.

But what are the sacrifices and challenges Kenyan athletes face to become sporting legends?

Kenya’s own Eliud Kipchoge and Faith Kipyegon talk to Al Jazeera.

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As the United States Supreme Court considers the role of race in college admissions, we explore the many challenges facing education with the first African American woman to lead one of the world's highest-ranked institutions.

The alumni and faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have been awarded 100 Nobel prizes.

But how is it dealing with diversity and equal opportunity?

Melissa Nobles, chancellor of MIT, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Augusto Pinochet’s military coup in 1973 was followed by 17 years of systematic human rights violations and the disappearance of some 1,500 Chileans who have never been found.

Relatives say they must find their remains to end their long mourning period. Many of them have died waiting.

As in many countries where the armed forces have committed atrocities against civilians, those who know where the remains of their victims were buried or destroyed have been reluctant to cooperate.

But the Chilean government is heading an ambitious plan to achieve justice.

Luis Cordero Vega, Chile’s minister of justice and human rights, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Pakistan’s geopolitical location seems to offer it vast economic opportunities. But in a region long troubled by political instability, the challenges are also formidable. And the conflicts are not just external.

International cooperation seems critical if Pakistan is to successfully confront its crises.

The country's top diplomat, who took the job in April last year, comes from a family with a long political history. He is the son of former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, who was killed on December 27, 2007.

We caught up with him during his most recent diplomatic mission in Baghdad.

Pakistan's Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari talks to Al Jazeera.

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According to the World Bank, Mexico is Latin America's second largest economy and one of the world's top 15.

But the wealthiest 10 percent of Mexicans control nearly half of the country’s total income, while the poorest 10 percent have access to less than 2 percent of it.

President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador came to power in 2018, promising to turn that around. But a year later, Mexico's poverty rate had grown to nearly 44 percent.

With a general election next year, could he fail to fulfil his promises before leaving office?

Mexico's Deputy Finance Minister Gabriel Yorio González talks to Al Jazeera.

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With an acting career spanning more than 30 years, Cate Blanchett is considered one of the greatest actors of her generation. But she also plays important non-fictional roles.

In 2016, Blanchett became a goodwill ambassador for the United Nations refugee agency UNHCR.

She has since travelled to Bangladesh, where she met Rohingya Muslims who fled persecution in Myanmar; Lebanon, where she met Syrians forced from their homes by war; and most recently to Jordan, which hosts more than 743,000 refugees.

We caught up with her to discuss the UN’s operations and how the refugees she met have changed her perspective.

Cate Blanchett talks to Al Jazeera.

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Frenchman Arsene Wenger arrived in London in 1996 to take charge of the Arsenal Football Club at a time when foreign coaches were still a rarity in English football.

He started a revolution in how to prepare for matches, and his approach helped change the game forever.

Wenger's methods were initially greeted with scepticism, but they soon proved to be successful.

He was in charge for 828 Premier League matches over 22 seasons, making him the league's longest-serving manager.

Looking back, were all the sacrifices he made worth it?

Arsene Wenger talks to Al Jazeera.

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For centuries, Africa has been plundered by foreign powers, who have seized territory and reaped the benefits of profitable trade routes.

Despite Africa’s abundant natural resources, it remains the poorest continent.

A new report by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) supports an African Union initiative to remove trade barriers to increase the flow of goods among African nations. It says the African Continental Free Trade Area could reduce extreme poverty.

We caught up with the IMF managing director while she was in Nairobi to endorse the AU initiative. Kristalina Georgieva talks to Al Jazeera.

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Born Charles Philip Arthur George on November 14, 1948, he was four when his mother, Queen Elizabeth, was crowned and 20 when she formally made him Prince of Wales.

At 73, he became King Charles III upon the queen's death in September.

Buckingham Palace said his coronation, which takes place on Saturday, would reflect the monarch's role today.

But what challenges await King Charles as he reigns over an entirely new generation of people in the United Kingdom and across the Commonwealth?

Robert Lacey, one of the UK’s most renowned royal biographers and historians, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Humanity has tried to define and debate what art is for centuries. Perhaps those definitions are driven by our desperate need to better understand our existence.

Throughout history, art has been a way we tell our stories, express our faith and beliefs, and depict the phases that have marked our social evolutions.

In this edition of Talk to Al Jazeera, we explore the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, accompanied by one of the most knowledgeable minds on the subject.

Taco Dibbits, general director of the Rijksmuseum, talks to Al Jazeera.

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It has been more than two years since Myanmar’s military seized control of the country.

The fight between the army and those opposing the coup deepened when ethnic armed groups joined the conflict.

Even as violence escalates, the persecution of Rohingya Muslims has dragged on since 2017, when thousands fled to Bangladesh as they came under attack.

Diplomatic efforts are pushing Myanmar’s leaders to allow Rohingya people back into the country. But can their safety be guaranteed? And will efforts to reestablish democratic rule make progress?

Zaw Min Tun, Myanmar's deputy minister of information, talks to Al Jazeera.

It has been more than two years since Myanmar’s military seized control of the country.

The fight between the army and those opposing the coup deepened when ethnic armed groups joined the conflict.

Even as violence escalates, the persecution of Rohingya Muslims has dragged on since 2017, when thousands fled to Bangladesh as they came under attack.

Diplomatic efforts are pushing Myanmar’s leaders to allow Rohingya people back into the country. But can their safety be guaranteed? And will efforts to reestablish democratic rule make progress?

Zaw Min Tun, Myanmar's deputy minister of information, talks to Al Jazeera.

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The United Nations has faced criticism for decades over its effectiveness, especially its means to resolve conflicts and ease the suffering of the most vulnerable.

Many argue that veto powers held by its Security Council permanent members, China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States, create an uneven balance of power.

Delegates from 46 of the poorest nations have come together in Doha for the fifth conference of the UN's least developed countries.

But does the UN need to be reformed first, as critics say, to make progress?

The UN General Assembly President, Csaba Korosi, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Since President Ebrahim Raisi took office in 2021, he has pushed for a foreign policy focused on the Eastern Hemisphere, while developing closer ties with Iran's neighbours.

Evidence of that is an agreement signed in Beijing in early March for Iran to restore diplomatic relations with Saudi Arabia.

But Iran remains heavily sanctioned by the West, as the long process to revive the landmark 2015 nuclear agreement stays largely stalled.

So, how significant is this deal to restoring ties with its longtime regional rival?

Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amirabdollahian, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Russia's invasion of Ukraine has prompted countries such as Finland and Sweden to apply for NATO membership.

Austria, however, has shown no interest in joining the alliance. It has been neutral since gaining independence from the Soviet Union in 1955.

In fact, Austria's law of neutrality declares the country will never accede to any military alliance.

Vienna's long-cherished position of non-alignment has made it a hub for international organisations.

But the Austrian capital is nearly 500km (310 miles) from Ukraine's border. So is neutrality the best way to ensure national security?

Austria's Foreign Minister Alexander Schallenberg talks to Al Jazeera.

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Despite a spiralling security crisis, French troops left Mali after a nine-year deployment.

The withdrawal came after the military took power in 2020 and demanded all French troops leave Malian territory.

Since then, Mali’s military leaders have turned to Moscow for defence and economic cooperation.

And the interim government has postponed a constitutional referendum to re-establish democratic rule.

So, will the military transition to civilian rule? Or will it extend its grip on power?

Mali's Prime Minister Choguel Kokalla Maiga talks to Al Jazeera.

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Bangladesh is governed by none other than its founding father's daughter, Sheikh Hasina, who has been in office for more than 14 years.

After a large fire burned through the Rohingya refugee camp in Cox’s Bazar on March 5, we ask how she is facing the challenges that have been brought on by the refugee crisis since 2017.

And as Bangladesh prepares for a general election later this year, we ask Hasina about allegations of persecution of opposition members.

Bangladeshi Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina talks to Al Jazeera.

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On February 6, at about 4am, the ground in southern Turkey and northern Syria shook for more than a minute, while most people slept.

A magnitude 7.8 earthquake - with its epicentre 32km (20 miles) west of the Turkish city of Gaziantep - had struck the region, cracking the ground open and causing extensive damage.

And nearly 10 hours later, another seismic event of magnitude 7.5 shook the region again.

Since then, other tremors and aftershocks have followed.

But what can we learn from what happened in Turkey and Syria a month ago?

Seismologist Lucy Jones talks to Al Jazeera.

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The Russian embassy in London is the sight of regular protests against the yearlong invasion of Ukraine.

Russia’s ambassador to the United Kingdom has accused NATO powers of turning Ukraine into a Western-backed fortress to oppose Russian influence in Eastern Europe, saying the possible supply of long-range weapons to Kyiv risks forcing Russia to push deeper into Ukraine.

In the depths of the biggest confrontation involving Russia since the Cold War, how and when will this war end?

Andrey Kelin, the Russian ambassador to the UK, talks to Al Jazeera.

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It’s been one year since Russia invaded Ukraine.

To mark the occasion, the president of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, and the secretary general of NATO, Jens Stoltenberg, travelled to the Estonian capital. They also marked Estonia’s 105th anniversary of its independence from imperial Russia.

After independence in 1918, the Republic of Estonia was absorbed by the Soviet Union until its collapse in 1991.

So in the century since the founding of its republic, what has Estonia learned about Russia? And what has Europe learned since last year’s invasion of Ukraine?

Estonia's prime minister, Kaja Kallas, talks with Al Jazeera.

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As the geopolitical tensions caused by the Russia-Ukraine war continue to rise, so do concerns over energy supplies.

The Netherlands has stopped importing Russian energy, except for liquified natural gas or LNG. But how is the conflict affecting the Dutch economy?

And as tensions in the Pacific escalate after Chinese balloons were shot down over North American airspace, should Europe strengthen its relations with Beijing?

The Dutch deputy prime minister, Sigrid Kaag, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Lebanon’s state of collapse has become the country’s new normal.

Inflation is soaring, and the Lebanese lira is almost worthless, pushing more than 80 percent of the population into poverty. Institutions and basic services have broken down.

For decades, successive governments were accused of corruption and mismanagement. In late 2019, the state system collapsed.

Four years into the crisis, is Lebanon a failed state? And can it change course?

Lebanese Economy Minister Amin Salam talks to Al Jazeera.

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Last year, thousands of Sri Lankans took to the streets to demand the resignation of President Gotabaya Rajapaksa, whom they blamed for mismanaging the country’s finances.

Rajapaksa resigned and fled the country. In his place, members of parliament appointed Ranil Wickremesinghe.

His government is tasked with lifting the island nation out of its economic collapse.

A $2.9bn loan from the International Monetary Fund is crucial, and one person who will play a major role in discussing the terms of the bailout is the country's top diplomat.

So what’s next for the South Asian nation? Sri Lanka’s foreign minister, Ali Sabry, talks to Al Jazeera.

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As 2022 was drawing to a close, the Balkans was once again on the verge of ethnic conflict.

Tensions had built up in July in northern Kosovo, and the situation escalated even further in December as ethnic Serb protesters blocked roads and cut off border crossings with Serbia.

After weeks of unrest, tensions have eased. But how fragile is this sense of calm? And how will Kosovo address its deep ethnic divisions?

The prime minister of Kosovo, Albin Kurti, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Guyana is a former British colony located between Brazil, Venezuela and Suriname.

The country is rich in biodiversity - as well as minerals. And in the last decade, some 11 billion barrels of oil have been found - which is the most significant discovery of its kind in recent years.

But as the world is moving towards greener economies, is it fair for countries like Guyana - struggling to overcome poverty and attract foreign investment - not to benefit from its newly-found riches?

Guyanese President Irfaan Ali talks to Al Jazeera.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has stalled progress worldwide.

However, the rate of scientific innovation has been extraordinary, resulting in safe and effective vaccines. But those vaccines have not been widely accessible to people who need it most, exposing injustice and inequality.

As part of his foundation’s efforts to fix that, Bill Gates travelled to Qatar during the first FIFA World Cup held in the Middle East, where football legends helped him advocate for investment in affordable and accessible health innovation.

So, will the world be ready for the next global health emergency?

Bill Gates talks to Al Jazeera.

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While most of Europe moves away from Russian goods, some European Union countries are cementing their relations with Moscow.

Eighty percent of Hungary’s oil and gas supply comes from Russia. And Budapest has taken out a $10bn loan from a Russian state bank to pay a Russian company to build nuclear reactors.

So, will Hungary ever wean itself off Russian imports? And is it putting historic ties with the Kremlin ahead of its relationship with Europe?

The Hungarian foreign minister, Peter Szijjarto, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Following the shelling of the Russian-controlled nuclear power plant in Ukraine, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has rung the alarm, warning of a possible nuclear catastrophe.

Meanwhile, Iran has announced it is enriching uranium at its Fordow nuclear facility at 60 percent.

Is there any sign Iran is trying to build a nuclear weapon?

With the global nuclear arsenal nearing 13,000 weapons, mostly in the hands of the United States and Russia, it seems an increasing number of countries are trying to expand their nuclear capabilities.

Should the non-proliferation treaty signed in 1968 be revised?

Rafael Grossi, IAEA chief, talks to Al Jazeera.

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In one of the most thrilling matches of the Qatar World Cup, Croatia beat Japan on penalties to secure a place in the quarter-finals.

One high-profile supporter celebrating the team's victory was none other than Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic. We caught up with him just before that match to discuss the national side’s performance in the tournament.

We also asked him about some of the latest developments back home, including Croatia’s accession to the Schengen area and adopting the euro as its official currency.

Croatian Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic talks to Al Jazeera.

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Following last month’s attack in Istanbul, the Turkish government has blamed the outlawed Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and its affiliated groups in neighbouring countries.

In response, Ankara has threatened to launch a ground operation into northern Syria.

The US and Russian governments have warned against such a move.

But if the Turkish military goes ahead with a ground offensive, what will be its wider regional effect?

We will put that to the man who has served as a member of the Turkish Security and Foreign Policy Council and chief adviser to President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

The Turkish presidential spokesman, Ibrahim Kalin, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Wales is often believed to be a province of the United Kingdom. In fact, it is part of a political unit that forms the UK.

Wales has its own language, culture and its own national football team. And for the first time in 64 years, they have qualified for the World Cup.

Thousands of Welsh fans have travelled to Qatar to cheer on their team. One of those who made the journey to Doha is the First Minister of Wales.

This week, Mark Drakeford talks to Al Jazeera.

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In September this year, Chile’s 36-year-old President Gabriel Boric oversaw a referendum on a new constitution.

It was expected to replace the constitution put in place by the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet more than 40 years ago.

But the first challenge from the world's youngest president failed, with 62 percent voting against the proposed charter.

While the opposition claims President Boric’s political honeymoon period ended almost as quickly as it began, his supporters say the young leader should not be counted out so quickly.

How will he move forward? We find out as Chilean President Gabriel Boric talks to Al Jazeera.

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Cyprus has been divided along ethnic lines for decades, and caught in a geopolitical power struggle for most of the past 48 years.

Does the island need further assistance from the international community? And how are other regional conflicts, like the Russian invasion of Ukraine, affecting Cyprus?

Ioannis Kasoulides, the minister of foreign affairs for the Republic of Cyprus, talks to Al Jazeera.

This programme contacted the government of the self-declared Northern Cyprus to bring our audience the Turkish Cypriots' voice. Our interview requests were declined, but our invitation to talk to Al Jazeera remains open.

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Finland shares a border with Russia that is more than 1,300 kilometres long, so maintaining neutrality in the power struggle between East and West has always been central to the country's survival.

The Nordic nation had previously refused to join NATO. But following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Helsinki put its historical neutrality aside and officially requested to join the West's major military alliance. In response, Moscow warned there could be political and military consequences.

So is a Russian offensive possible? And would Finland be prepared to face it?

The president of Finland, Sauli Niinisto, talks to Al Jazeera.

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As many countries continue to spend resources on "urban development", the climate crisis is deepening.

A network of city mayors came together to deliver urgently needed actions to confront the climate crisis. The C40, formed by nearly 100 world-leading cities, represents more than 580 million people - and about one-fifth of the global economy.

Will the city mayors be able to change the course of the climate crisis, something country leaders seem to be failing at?

The mayor of London and chair of the C40, Sadiq Khan, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Some 3.3 million people in Bosnia and Herzegovina headed to the polls to choose legislators as well as the three members of the presidential council.

But after polls closed, the country’s peace overseer, High Representative Christian Schmidt, announced changes to the election law.

Schmidt says the changes will create a more effective government, working between the country’s two entities: Republika Srpska, made up of predominantly Bosnian Serbs, and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, made up of mainly Bosniaks and Bosnian Croats.

Find out what this means for the country as Christian Schmidt talks to Al Jazeera.

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Unprecedented floods have left one-third of Pakistan under water. Repairing the destruction will cost the country's struggling economy some $10bn.

Pakistan’s top diplomat, Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, is only 34 years old. He is also the son of the late prime minister Benazir Bhutto. The role he plays may be instrumental in helping his country overcome the challenges ahead. Will he succeed?

Pakistan's foreign minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari talks to Al Jazeera.

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A chicken seller who became a successful businessman; a politician who rose to the presidency: William Ruto was officially declared president of Kenya after narrowly winning the election in August.

While it is widely considered Africa's most stable democracy, the country has its fair share of burdens.

This week, we discuss some of the challenges facing Kenya - from deep ethnic divisions to a flailing economy, the threat of armed groups and the worst drought in decades.

The Kenyan president, William Ruto, talks to Al Jazeera.

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In the ancient city of Samarkand, modern-day leaders of the East have gathered at the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit of 2022.

This year, Iran has signed a memorandum of obligations to become a permanent member of the geopolitical alliance.

After several rounds of failed talks in Vienna on the Iranian nuclear programme and economic sanctions imposed by the West, what are the opportunities ahead for Iran?

Find out more as the president of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ebrahim Raisi, talks to Al Jazeera.

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The continent of Africa generates only two to three percent of the world's carbon dioxide emissions. Yet, Africans are suffering some of the worst effects of the global climate emergency: from droughts to floods, food shortages, and loss of livelihoods for millions of people.

African leaders travelled to Rotterdam in the Netherlands to attend the Africa Adaptation Summit, hoping to lay the foundation for tackling a harsher and unpredictable climate.

But, while some European countries sent delegations, no Western leader attended the sessions.

Will the West own up to its responsibility for Africa's climate crisis? Senegalese President, Macky Sall, talks to Al Jazeera.

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It is nearly four years since Michelle Bachelet took on a responsibility many consider one of the most complex in international diplomacy, serving as the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.

It means she bears responsibility for promoting and protecting human rights guaranteed under international law.

With her mandate ending on August 31, what legacy is Bachelet leaving behind? Has she failed or succeeded as the world's leading human rights advocate?

The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Bachelet, talks to Al Jazeera.

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With inflation rising steeply in Sierra Leone, so too is the price of food, gas and electricity.

Sixty percent of the population lives in poverty, and the increasing cost of living is worsening the financial struggles people already face.

Earlier this month, a crisis erupted in the West African nation. Hundreds of people took to the streets in frustration at the economic hardship. Protests turned violent and led to deaths.

Will the violence end peacefully before a general election next year? The president of Sierra Leone, Julius Maada Bio, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Francis Kéré spent many of his childhood days trying to secure food and water in his rural community in Burkina Faso.

He was born in 1965 and grew up with no clean water or electricity. Yet, he was inspired by the limited natural resources that most people around him had taken for granted, leading him on a journey that has made him one of the world’s most renowned architects.

This year, Kéré became the first African and first Black person to win the most prestigious award in architecture, The Pritzker Architecture Prize.

Francis Kéré talks to Al Jazeera.

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Artificial intelligence has become an essential part of our life, though some say there is another more sinister side to it.

Computer scientist Timnit Gebru has been one of the most critical voices against the unethical use of AI.

Considered one of the 100 most influential people of 2022 by Time magazine, Google asked Gebru to co-lead its unit focused on ethical artificial intelligence.

But the tech giant fired her after she criticised the company’s lucrative AI work.

Who is behind AI technology? Whose interests does it serve? And how democratic is its use?

Timnit Gebru talks to Al Jazeera.

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Malawi has enjoyed peace and political stability since its independence in 1964.

But the landlocked nation is heavily dependent on foreign aid and food scarcity has become a pressing issue.

According to the World Food Programme, some 5.4 million Malawians - or 33 percent of the population - do not have enough to eat. The COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine have made things worse for the small country and its people.

Will Malawians see the country and economy Lazarus Chakwera promised to deliver during his presidential campaign?

The president of Malawi, Lazarus Chakwera, talks to Al Jazeera.

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A banker and financier by training, Queen Maxima of The Netherlands has travelled the world as the United Nations secretary-general’s special advocate for inclusive finance for development.

But once the media are gone and the red carpets are rolled up, how does the queen ensure her advocacy reaches those who need it the most?

Her Majesty, Queen Maxima of the Netherlands, talks to Al Jazeera.

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He was once known as the world's "poorest" president.

A left-wing rebel fighter in his youth, Jose Mujica was elected president of Uruguay in 2010, making headlines worldwide for not changing the modest life he was used to.

He was a president with no palace, no motorcade and no pomp.

He led his five-year government by example, with austerity, donating a big part of his salary to social causes, driving his old Volkswagen Beetle, and living in his farmhouse.

And that is where we caught up with him.

Jose Mujica talks to Al Jazeera.

Leaders of the Americas prepare to gather in Los Angeles on June 6 for their ninth regional summit. But Washington has announced Cuba will be excluded, arguing the Caribbean nation does not meet the required democratic standards.

United States-Cuban relations have been hostile ever since Fidel Castro's 1959 revolution. In 2016, President Obama visited the island, calling the occasion an "historic opportunity" to leave the Cold War behind.

But under President Trump, all opportunities were lost. And now, under President Biden, relations remain tense.

So, what is next for the two countries? Cuba's deputy foreign minister, Carlos Fernandez de Cossio, talks to Al Jazeera.

It has been two-and-a-half months since Russia invaded Ukraine.

Talks have not produced much as Russia steps up its military campaign, especially in the east, and some neighbouring countries now fear possible Russian aggression against them.

NATO's presence in Lithuania has increased to about 3,000 soldiers. But Vilnius has joined other Baltic states in asking for more forces.

So, is a Russian attack against other states imminent? And what will it take to guarantee security in the region? Lithuanian President Gitanas Nauseda talks to Al Jazeera.

Jerusalem, Holy Land for Muslims, Christians and Jews, has seen conflict almost since its inception around the Bronze Age; it's been attacked, captured, recaptured, besieged, destroyed and rebuilt time and again.

Yet, the walls of this iconic place, beloved by all Abrahamic faiths, remain standing, enclosing invaluable heritage sites for millions of people worldwide.

But the golden Dome of the Rock is often seen in pictures surrounded by one of the world's most enduring struggles, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Why is the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound a constant hotspot for tensions? Ikrima Sabri, former Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, talks to Al Jazeera.

Every year on April 22, the world commemorates Earth Day. The goal is to create awareness about climate change and its effects on every nation.

This year’s theme is “Invest in Our Planet". But the world has been marking Earth Day for more than 50 years and not much seems to have changed, despite countless warnings, scientific studies and various agreements.

Are all efforts failing? And what else can be done to achieve a significant investment in our planet?

The United Nations Environment Programme executive director, Inger Andersen, talks to Al Jazeera.