Talk to Al Jazeera

As tensions between Iran, Israel and the United States remain unresolved, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan tells Talk to Al Jazeera how Ankara views the risks of escalation, Gulf security, and Turkiye’s growing geopolitical role. From diplomacy and defence to regional influence, he explains where Turkiye stands in a rapidly shifting region.

As fighting pauses in the United States–Israel war on Iran, military strategist Bryan Clark tells Talk to Al Jazeera that Washington’s goals have kept shifting, from regime change to claims of success. He argues that the US escalated too far too fast, fell into an “escalation trap”, and may have left Iran with its most powerful lever yet: the threat of disrupting the Strait of Hormuz.

In his first sit-down interview with Al Jazeera since taking office, New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani reflects on his first 100 days in office. He discusses childcare, housing costs, taxing the wealthy, relations with the US president, opposition to the war on Iran, rising anti-Muslim bigotry, and what Democrats are missing in their appeal to working-class voters. Subscribe to our channel: http://bit.ly/AJSubscribe Follow us on X : https://twitter.com/AJEnglish Find us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/aljazeera Check our website: http://www.aljazeera.com/ Check out our Instagram page: https://www.instagram.com/aljazeeraenglish/ Download AJE Mobile App: https://aje.news/AJEMobile

As the United States-Israel war on Iran deepens, conflict scholar David Keen examines why some wars persist without a clear victory. He argues that war can serve political control, economic interests and systems of power that outlive the battlefield. From sanctions and smuggling to military spending and useful enemies, Keen explains how conflict can become functional and why making peace more attractive than war is often the real challenge.

Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi tells Talk to Al Jazeera that Iran is not negotiating with the United States, despite ongoing exchanges of messages, including direct communication from US envoy Steve Witkoff. Araghchi says talks lack trust, adding that no response has been given to US proposals, and that there is no basis for negotiations. Araghchi outlines Iran's conditions for ending the war, warns against threats and deadlines, and signals a readiness to continue defending the country as regional tensions escalate. Subscribe to our channel: http://bit.ly/AJSubscribe Follow us on X : https://twitter.com/AJEnglish Find us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/aljazeera Check our website: http://www.aljazeera.com/ Check out our Instagram page: https://www.instagram.com/aljazeeraenglish/ Download AJE Mobile App: https://aje.news/AJEMobile

Cuba is facing widespread blackouts as United States sanctions restrict fuel supplies, crippling the island's energy system and economy. In this episode of Talk to Al Jazeera, Deputy Foreign Minister Josefina Vidal Ferreiro defends Cuba's position, rejects US pressure, and warns of growing humanitarian consequences. She also responds to US President Donald Trump's remarks suggesting Cuba could be targeted next after Iran. As tensions rise, Vidal insists that Cuba will resist while calling for dialogue, raising questions about how far this confrontation could go.

Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi tells Talk to Al Jazeera that the United States is responsible for the war engulfing the region. He denies targeting civilians, defends Iran’s retaliation, and warns that the US military presence across the Gulf makes escalation unavoidable. Araghchi also signals possible new rules for navigation through the Strait of Hormuz, while rejecting a ceasefire in favour of a permanent end to the war.

Jan Egeland, secretary-general of the Norwegian Refugee Council, warns that the United States-Israel war on Iran is driving mass displacement and pushing humanitarian systems towards collapse. Speaking to Talk to Al Jazeera, he says that civilians across Iran, Lebanon, Gaza and Sudan are paying the price of escalating conflict, that aid is dangerously overstretched, and that international humanitarian law is being eroded as the region faces an expanding crisis.

Qatar’s Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Al Khulaifi, speaks to Talk to Al Jazeera as the Gulf faces its most dangerous escalation in years. After Qatar itself came under drone and missile attacks, Al Khulaifi condemns Iran’s aggression, warns that attacks on energy infrastructure threaten global markets, and argues that Gulf security is inseparable from global stability. Despite rising tensions, he insists diplomacy remains the only path to a lasting solution and says Qatar will continue pushing for negotiations to prevent a wider war.

ElevenLabs can generate lifelike voices from a short sample, including a clone of Al Jazeera anchor Neave Barker. CEO and cofounder Mati Staniszewski tells Talk to Al Jazeera how voice AI could transform dubbing, education and accessibility, helping people who have lost speech. But the technology can be abused: for fraud, disinformation and psychological operations. From safety measures and detection to partnerships with governments, including Ukraine’s push towards an “agentic state”, the interview asks the core question: when your voice becomes software, who controls it, and what rights are left?

As nuclear tensions rise worldwide and the war in Ukraine reshapes global security, Rafael Grossi stands at the centre of the world’s most dangerous calculations. The director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency discusses the risks of escalation, the limits of diplomacy and the credibility of nuclear oversight. Now a declared candidate for United Nations secretary-general, Grossi also addresses calls to reform what critics describe as a weakened institution. Can the UN still prevent conflict, or is the global order fragmenting beyond repair?

Hasan Piker has built one of the largest online political audiences, reaching millions without newsroom oversight or traditional editorial constraints. In this episode of Talk to Al Jazeera, the influential streamer reflects on bias, accountability, wealth, bans and the blurred line between journalism and digital influence. As algorithms replace editors and engagement supplants verification, we examine who shapes political narratives in the age of streaming and what responsibilities accompany that power.

President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud responds to Israel’s recognition of Somaliland - a self-governing Somali territory, allegations of a possible Israeli military presence near the Red Sea and shifting power dynamics in the Horn of Africa. He addresses criticism by the United States as well as President Donald Trump’s remarks on Somalia, growing ties with regional allies and fears of wider instability as tensions rise between Israel, Iran and their rivals. At home, Mohamud faces pressing questions over security, human rights, media freedom and whether he will seek a third term ahead of crucial elections.

Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan warns that attacking Iran would be wrong and says Tehran is ready to return to negotiations. He urges a step-by-step diplomatic approach and cautions against escalation. Fidan also discusses Turkiye’s position on the future of regional and global security cooperation and the role it can play as the post-World War II order fractures and trust between states erodes.

In this episode of Talk to Al Jazeera, American philosopher and activist Cornel West delivers a searing critique of the United States, describing what he sees as moral collapse, democratic decay and spiritual bankruptcy. Drawing on the Black freedom struggle and his own run in the 2024 presidential election, West argues that both major parties serve entrenched power while inequality deepens at home and war crimes are enabled abroad. From Gaza to Harlem, he asks whether love, dignity and justice can still form the basis of meaningful political resistance.

As wars intensify and donor funding dries up, the global humanitarian system is under unprecedented strain. Jagan Chapagain, secretary-general of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, warns that life-saving operations are being scaled back just as needs explode from Gaza and Sudan to Ukraine and climate-driven disasters worldwide. He addresses United States and European aid cuts, attacks on humanitarian workers, the erosion of international law, and whether neutrality and protection still mean anything in today’s conflicts.

Since the United States abducted Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro, accusing him of "narcoterrorism", Colombia has found itself under growing pressure from Washington. President Gustavo Petro responds to President Donald Trump’s accusations. The Colombian leader also addresses diplomacy vs confrontation, regional sovereignty and whether Latin America is entering a dangerous new chapter.

The United States is reviving a policy first set out in the 1800s that treats Latin America as its strategic sphere of influence. As Washington expands maritime operations in the Caribbean and eastern Pacific, critics warn of legal violations and rising regional instability. Uruguay’s Foreign Minister Mario Lubetkin joins Talk to Al Jazeera to discuss US strikes, Venezuela, migration pressures, and China’s growing role in the region — and whether diplomacy can still prevent escalation in a hemisphere shaped once again by power politics.

Colombia’s Defence Minister Pedro Sanchez speaks to Talk to Al Jazeera as tensions between the United States and Venezuela escalate. With Washington deploying additional military assets to the Caribbean, Colombia finds itself on the front line of a widening regional standoff. Sanchez discusses the pressure this places on President Gustavo Petro’s “Total Peace” strategy, the surge in armed groups, and the country’s fight against drug trafficking. He warns that any further confrontation could trigger new migration flows, empower criminal networks, and jeopardise Colombia’s fragile security gains.

Finland’s Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen speaks to Talk to Al Jazeera about the prospects for a Russia-Ukraine peace deal, whether Trump can bring Putin and Zelenskyy to the negotiating table, and why Europe insists on clear red lines. From frozen Russian assets to NATO deterrence and Finland’s unique position as a NATO member sharing a long border with Russia, Valtonen explains what a realistic settlement would require, and why she believes Moscow is still not interested in genuine peace.

South Africa’s foreign minister Ronald Lamola speaks to Talk to Al Jazeera about the mysterious arrival of a flight carrying Palestinians, why authorities were blindsided, and what the incident reveals about the networks moving people out of Gaza. He also discusses South Africa’s genocide case against Israel at the International Court of Justice, the country’s G20 summit, and how Pretoria sees its role in a rapidly shifting global order shaped by conflict, diplomatic pressure and competing visions of justice.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo’s foreign minister tells Al Jazeera that Rwanda’s actions on the ground cast doubt on its commitment to a peace process aimed at ending decades of conflict in eastern Congo. Therese Kayikwamba Wagner says a planned presidential meeting remains stalled, with foreign troops still on Congolese territory and abuses continuing despite diplomatic efforts. She argues that meaningful progress depends on real leverage from international facilitators, the United States, Qatar and regional partners, to hold both sides accountable and push the process toward a credible, lasting agreement.

For the first time since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, a NATO member has formally invoked Article 4 of the alliance's founding treaty after a major airspace breach. Estonian Foreign Minister Margus Tsahkna tells Talk to Al Jazeera why repeated Russian provocations are more than isolated incidents - they’re a test of NATO’s credibility. As United States President Donald Trump questions the value of collective defence, Tsahkna warns that Europe’s security consensus is fraying and hesitation could invite danger.

Maria Corina Machado, Venezuela's opposition leader and now Nobel Peace Prize laureate, speaks from hiding about the cost of resistance and the hope driving millions demanding democracy. Barred from elections and under threat of arrest, she discusses the country's deepening crisis, where nearly eight million Venezuelans have fled, and the challenge of confronting a system that has survived sanctions, protests, and global isolation. In this in-depth interview, Machado reflects on her fight for democracy.

In a shifting world order, New Zealand's foreign policy faces new tests, from Gaza to the Pacific. Foreign Minister Winston Peters speaks to Talk to Al Jazeera about why his government has stopped short of recognising a Palestinian state, how small nations can stay neutral amid the United States-China rivalry, and whether multilateralism still protects the weak from the will of the powerful.

As Syria turns the page after Bashar al-Assad's fall, the transitional government promises justice, truth, and rule of law. In his first interview since taking office, Justice Minister Mazhar al-Wais tells Talk to Al Jazeera how his ministry preserved the regime's court archives from destruction and plans to prosecute crimes from the war years. But critics say the process is too narrow, focused only on Assad-era abuses, while violence and sectarian reprisals create new victims still awaiting accountability. Can post-war Syria deliver real justice?

Dutch Prime Minister Dick Schoof joins Talk to Al Jazeera at a pivotal moment for Europe and the Middle East. After his coalition collapsed, he reflects on leading the Netherlands through crises at home and abroad. From the war in Gaza and sanctions on Israel to NATO, migration and United States President Donald Trump’s stance on Ukraine, Schoof gives rare insight into how the Netherlands navigates global fault lines. A politically unaffiliated leader and former intelligence chief, he speaks candidly about power, justice and Europe’s future.

Nearly two years into Israel’s war on Gaza, a United Nations fact-finding mission has delivered its most damning verdict yet: genocide. Navi Pillay, chairwoman of the UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, says Israeli leaders’ statements and the destruction on the ground prove intent. Speaking to Hashem Ahelbarra in Geneva, she explains the commission’s findings, what legal consequences Israel could face and what must happen next. As famine sets in and civilian casualties mount, Pillay outlines why this report could mark a turning point in international accountability - and whether the UN will be able to act on its own conclusions.

In the wake of Israel's unprecedented strike on Qatari soil, Muslim leaders are weighing their response. Pakistan, the Islamic world's only nuclear power, warns that words alone will not deter further aggression. Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar tells Talk to Al Jazeera that Pakistan, as part of the Ummah or global community of Muslim believers, "will discharge its duty". He discusses whether the Islamic bloc can deliver legal, financial, or diplomatic consequences, and how far Islamabad is prepared to go.

Iraq, once known as Mesopotamia, the “Land of the Two Rivers”, is facing its worst water crisis in living memory. The Tigris and Euphrates — lifelines of agriculture and civilisation for millennia — are running dry. Climate change, upstream dams and decades of mismanagement have turned fertile land into dust, forcing families from their homes and threatening national stability. Talk to Al Jazeera travels to southern Iraq to hear from farmers, environmentalists and officials about a crisis that could decide the country’s future.

Sandra Myrna Diaz, one of the world’s most influential ecologists, argues that humanity is missing the bigger picture. While climate change dominates headlines, she warns the deeper crisis is biodiversity collapse, the unravelling of the living web of plants, animals, soil and water that sustains life. In this Talk to Al Jazeera interview, Diaz criticises governments for failing to meet biodiversity targets and calls for a rethinking of consumerism-driven lifestyles. Her message: The survival of civilisation depends not just on curbing greenhouse gas emissions but also on protecting the fabric of life itself.

As climate change pushes sea levels higher, Dutch architect Koen Olthuis says the answer isn’t higher dikes - it’s floating cities. From luxury homes in the Netherlands to sustainable floating schools in slums and entire island communities in the Maldives, his vision blends architecture and adaptation. But can floating design truly offer an inclusive solution - or will only the wealthy stay dry? In this episode of Talk to Al Jazeera, Olthuis explains why living on water may be the only way forward.

How do we remember war, and who gets remembered? In this episode of Talk to Al Jazeera, Step Vaessen speaks to Sabina Tanovic, a Sarajevo-born expert in memorial architecture. From the genocide in Srebrenica to the destruction in Gaza, Tanovic explores how monuments shape justice, history, and collective healing.

As Sudan’s war effects spill into Chad, the country faces the world’s most underfunded refugee crisis. Nearly a million Sudanese, mostly women and children, have fled, but aid is vanishing, disease is looming, and the system is on the verge of collapse. In this episode of Talk to Al Jazeera, Ahmed Idris speaks to a United Nations lead official in Chad and to a Sudanese refugee activist who fled the same forces now threatening his people. As the world looks away, they warn that the cost of inaction may soon be counted in lives.

As Israel bombs Iranian nuclear sites under International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspection, questions mount over nuclear double standards and the credibility of the global system. Iran accuses the IAEA of bias and complicity, while Israel - an undeclared nuclear power - remains outside treaty obligations. IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi responds to allegations, addresses fears of a nuclear arms race and warns of the consequences if diplomacy fails. Is the non-proliferation regime collapsing? Rafael Grossi, director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency, talks to Al Jazeera.

Greek Foreign Minister Giorgos Gerapetritis emphasises his country's robust defence ties with Israel amid its war on Gaza. He asserts now is not the time to revisit their largest defence deal, including a $1.6bn contract for Greek air force training.

Gerapetritis highlights Greece’s peace efforts in the Middle East and stresses the importance of high defence spending due to geopolitical dynamics and Greece’s extensive Mediterranean coastline.

The Greek foreign minister, Giorgos Gerapetritis, talks to Al Jazeera.

More than 200 days into Israel’s war on Gaza, the death toll has surpassed 34,000 while more than 77,000 Palestinians have been wounded.

Amid the destruction and ongoing violence, the United Nations appointed Sigrid Kaag as its senior humanitarian and reconstruction coordinator for Gaza. With her experience navigating the European Union’s varied positions on the conflict, Kaag leads crucial relief efforts.

As the world waits for a ceasefire and an end to the violence, the question arises: "What will ‘the day after’ look like for Gaza, once the war is over?"

Sigrid Kaag, UN senior humanitarian and reconstruction coordinator for Gaza, talks to Al Jazeera.

The documentary Israelism examines the rift among Jews regarding Palestine, highlighting young people's increasing criticism of Israel and Zionism.

This divide is driven by firsthand accounts of Israel's actions in Gaza and the occupied West Bank.

As the film faces opposition from groups trying to cancel its screenings, its main protagonist, Simone Zimmerman, and its co-director and producer, Erin Axelman, talk to Al Jazeera.

Amid rising gang violence in Haiti, Santo Domingo fears spillover effects. With criminal gangs dominating most of Haiti's capital, the Dominican Republic faces human and security ramifications.

What steps will the Dominican government take to confront these challenges?

We explore these critical issues as the Dominican Republic's Foreign Minister Roberto Alvarez Gil talks to Al Jazeera.

Spain's Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez ends his latest Middle East tour in Qatar.

The Gulf state has hosted several talks on ending Israel's war on Gaza, and Sanchez's calls for a ceasefire have resonated worldwide as the death toll now stands at about 33,000.

Spain's foreign policy extends beyond the Middle East. It balances relations with major powers like the United States and Russia while navigating the broader implications of the war in Ukraine.

How will Spain manage this era of global challenges and a rapidly changing international landscape?

The Spanish prime minister, Pedro Sanchez, talks to Al Jazeera.

Journalists, especially in war zones, face immense challenges in reporting conflict realities.

In the context of Israel’s war on Gaza, their role has been pivotal in exposing the devastation and suffering.

Among these journalists, Wael Dahdouh, Al Jazeera Arabic Gaza bureau chief, stands out for his dedication to covering his homeland’s conflicts over 25 years.

Despite personal losses, including family deaths in air strikes and his own injuries, Dahdouh’s commitment remains unwavering.

His story, highlighted during an interview in Doha, where he receives medical treatment, exemplifies journalistic courage and resilience.

Wael Dahdouh talks to Al Jazeera.

Since Israel's inception in 1948, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has centred on the occupied Palestinian territory, human rights violations and Palestinian self-determination, leading to cycles of violence and failed peace efforts.

The Oslo Accords in 1993 led to the appointment of a United Nations special coordinator to oversee regional peace initiatives.

Amid Israel's continuing war on Gaza, with severe humanitarian crises and escalating violence, the coordinator faces the challenging task of navigating this complex and volatile landscape.

Find out more as the UN special coordinator for the Middle East peace process, Tor Wennesland, talks to Al Jazeera.

From Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship to democracy, Chile has navigated a complex history marked by human rights abuses.

Efforts to reconcile with its past continue amid social movements and constitutional debates.

We explore the nation's journey that reflects the enduring impact of authoritarian rule and the continuing quest for justice as Carolina Toha, Chile's interior minister, talks to Al Jazeera.

In this episode, we explore the essential role of non-governmental organisations in confronting global emergencies.

The International Rescue Committee, initiated by Albert Einstein, is known for its impactful work.

The organisation delivers aid and hope to at-risk populations in conflict zones, notably Gaza, marked as the most hazardous area for civilians and aid workers.

Amid turmoil in Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Ukraine, David Miliband, president of the International Rescue Committee, talks to Al Jazeera.

Indonesian Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi discusses her country's stance at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on Israel's occupation of Palestine amid the Gaza conflict.

Highlighting Indonesia's advocacy for Palestinian rights and the adherence to international law, Marsudi also confronts concerns over declining democracy under President Joko Widodo.

As Indonesia faces a presidential transition to Prabowo Subianto, she reflects on whether she would like to continue in office, emphasising the nation's role on the global stage.

Indonesian Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi talks to Al Jazeera.

Sebastiao Salgado's photography, initially rooted in news, evolved into a profound documentary-style work that captures human and environmental narratives.

His work spans from the raw realities of Brazil's Mina Pelada goldmines, African famines, and the Rwandan genocide to the beauty and urgency of conservation and the lives of indigenous communities.

Salgado's lens reveals the depth of human resilience, fragility, and the natural world, transforming his images into more than documentation but a testament to the human soul and Earth's imperative beauty.

We explore his journey as photographer Sebastiao Salgado talks to Al Jazeera.

In an era where freedom of expression faces unprecedented challenges globally, Irene Khan stands as a beacon of hope.

With a rich background in human rights advocacy, Khan has battled against censorship, intimidation and the suppression of free speech.

Her efforts underscore the importance of this fundamental human right in holding the powerful to account, even as wars and repressive regimes threaten its very existence.

We explore her mission to ensure that voices worldwide can speak out without fear as Irene Khan, the UN Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Opinion and Expression, talks to Al Jazeera.

Tracing Norway’s diplomatic journey from Trygve Lie’s pivotal role as the first United Nations secretary-general to its instrumental part in the Oslo Accords, a landmark agreement in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, Norway has long been a beacon of international peace and neutrality.

Its commitment to these principles faces new tests with the current war on Gaza, raising questions about its arms export policies and the indirect implications for regions in turmoil.

Amid these complexities, Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide talks to Al Jazeera.

Amidst challenges like poverty, protests and the impact of climate change, Rio de Janeiro’s Mayor Eduardo Paes focuses on transforming the city.

In his third term, he’s developing Rio as a smart city, blending technology with environmental sustainability and social integration.

In response to climate change, Paes aims for as many as 40 percent "green" jobs by 2030.

Reflecting on Rio’s experience in hosting the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics, his advice is to avoid simultaneous events.

Find out more as the mayor of Rio de Janeiro, Eduardo Paes, talks to Al Jazeera.

Amidst challenges like poverty, protests and the impact of climate change, Rio de Janeiro’s Mayor Eduardo Paes focuses on transforming the city.

In his third term, he’s developing Rio as a smart city, blending technology with environmental sustainability and social integration.

In response to climate change, Paes aims for as many as 40 percent "green" jobs by 2030.

Reflecting on Rio’s experience in hosting the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics, his advice is to avoid simultaneous events.

Find out more as the mayor of Rio de Janeiro, Eduardo Paes, talks to Al Jazeera.

In a world where literature often mirrors the pulsating heart of society, Paul Lynch’s Prophet Song stands out as a beacon of emotional and narrative depth.

This masterpiece delves into the complexities of human experience, weaving a story that resonates deeply with the themes of tyranny and resilience.

Set against a backdrop that parallels global conflicts, Lynch portrays the struggles of a mother in a totalitarian regime, drawing parallels with real-world events.

We dissect how his novel is a poignant exploration of human spirit under oppression as Booker Prize winner, Paul Lynch talks to Al Jazeera.

Once a 15th-century maritime power, Portugal sparked the Age of Discovery and established a global empire.

But, as the winds of change swept around the world in the 19th century, Portugal entered an era marked by decolonisation and a shift towards democratic principles in international relations.

How does this history shape Portuguese diplomacy amid contemporary global conflicts like those in Gaza and Ukraine?

Foreign Minister Joao Gomes Cravinho discusses Portugal's strategies and reflects on its transformative journey as he talks to Al Jazeera.

Following the Cold War’s ideological rift, East-West rivalry persists, fuelled by advances in AI, cybersecurity, telecommunications and biotechnology.

Emerging from conflict, Serbia, once a war-torn nation, has left its pariah status behind.

Two decades after reintegration into the international community, it focuses on science and technology to bridge global divides.

Jelena Begovic, Serbia’s minister of science, technological development and innovation, talks to Al Jazeera about the nation’s advancements and its future aspirations.

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Social media has revolutionised our understanding and perception of wars and conflicts.

Platforms like Instagram, Snapchat and TikTok, with their real-time, unfiltered content, offer a new perspective that’s immediate and often raw.

These platforms enable users worldwide to witness conflicts like the war on Gaza as they unfold, offering a variety of viewpoints that traditional media may not cover.

This shift has led to a more multifaceted and grassroots-level narrative, one which we will explore as influencers Nicole Jenes and Rathbone talk to Al Jazeera.

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The United Nations, a longtime advocate for human rights through treaties and laws, faces stark realities.

Despite its efforts, rights violations persist, especially in conflict zones like Gaza, Sudan and Ukraine, where life, safety and basic needs are severely compromised.

Meanwhile, emerging technologies and the climate crisis further challenge these rights.

Addressing these critical issues, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Turk, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Nine weeks into Israel’s war on the Gaza Strip, the United Nations faces increasing challenges in delivering aid to the besieged and bombarded enclave.

Israel’s offensive has displaced 85 percent of the population. About 1.3 million people are crammed into UN facilities there, exceeding their capacity four times over. These facilities have also been frequent targets of Israeli attacks.

Additionally, the killings of humanitarian aid workers in air strikes further complicate the crisis.

This situation raises concerns about the UN’s ability to operate in Gaza effectively.

Martin Griffiths, the UN undersecretary-general for humanitarian affairs and emergency relief coordinator, provides insights on these issues as he talks to Al Jazeera.

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For 74 years, the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, UNRWA, has provided healthcare, education and social services to many.

Yet, the war on Gaza has severely affected UNRWA as Israeli air strikes have hit its facilities and killed at least 130 of its humanitarian workers.

UNRWA’s work was recognised at the Doha Forum 2023, where we caught up with its commissioner general.

Philippe Lazzarini talks to Al Jazeera.

For 74 years, the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, UNRWA, has provided healthcare, education and social services to many.

Yet, the war on Gaza has severely affected the UNRWA as Israeli air strikes have hit its facilities and killed at least 130 of its humanitarian workers.

The UNRWA’s work was recognised at the Doha Forum 2023, where we caught up with its commissioner general.

Philippe Lazzarini talks to Al Jazeera.

In a world grappling with its geopolitics being fragmented, the East versus West competition for power is seemingly threatening to divide and polarise the global order.

Russia's ability to selectively influence leaders and events in various parts of the world is vital when discussing international crises.

On this special edition of Talk to Al Jazeera, we go to the Doha Forum 2023, where we connect with Russia's top diplomat to discuss the war on Gaza and Ukraine and his country’s apparently contradicting stands on both conflicts.

The Russian Foreign Minister, Sergey Lavrov, talks to Al Jazeera.

Born in Senegal and raised in France, Patrice Evra rose to fame playing for Manchester United and Juventus, facing racism on and off the pitch.

Later in his career, Evra revealed that he was sexually abused as a child by a schoolteacher, a secret he kept for 25 years.

Now retired from football, he advocates against child sexual abuse as a UN ambassador and uses his social media presence to fight racism in sports.

Evra has also ventured into technology investments, participating in the Web Summit in Lisbon, where we caught up with him.

Patrice Evra talks to Al Jazeera.

Since the start of Israel's war on Gaza after Hamas's surprise attack on October 7, Iran's role has been a subject of speculation. Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran's supreme leader, has denied the country's involvement but labelled the offensive a success.

The conflict has killed thousands and left nearly two million displaced. After a weeklong truce, Israeli attacks recommenced, casting the spotlight on Iran's next moves.

For an in-depth look at the Iranian position on these rapidly evolving events, Kamal Kharazi, Iran's former foreign minister and current adviser to the supreme leader, talks to Al Jazeera.

Brazil, renowned for its cultural diversity and vast rainforests, is experiencing significant political transformation.

Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva’s return to power marked a departure from Jair Bolsonaro’s conservative government. This shift heralds a renewed focus on social welfare, poverty reduction, and inclusive growth, mirroring Lula’s previous term in the 2000s.

However, Brazil’s journey is mired in global challenges, from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine to the war on Gaza. These issues raise important questions about Brazil’s role and position as a major global economy.

We explore these complexities as Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva talks to Al Jazeera.

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As the easternmost European Union member, Finland, historically neutral, pivots towards NATO in response to Russia’s Ukraine invasion, new geopolitical challenges arise: increased Russian espionage, cyberattacks and potential election interference, the Finnish government says.

Additionally, a surge of asylum seekers, allegedly directed by Russia, strains stability.

Amid these tensions, Finland’s $345m Israeli defence deal, which many see as conflicting with its stance on Gaza, sparks debate.

Discussing these complex issues, Finnish Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen talks to Al Jazeera.

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Following his return from strategic talks in Germany and as the war on Gaza nears its 50th day, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan delves into Turkey’s role in humanitarian efforts.

At a pivotal moment, he discusses Turkey’s relationship with Hamas and whether Western pressure exists. Fidan also reflects on what it would take to sever diplomatic ties with Israel completely.

Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan shares these insights with Al Jazeera.

Lisbon, famed for its golden sunsets and cobbled streets, stands rich in history and resilience.

It has weathered earthquakes and political and economic turmoil, cultivating a strong spirit.

Currently, the city navigates issues like gentrification, a housing crisis and climate threats.

As Portugal’s capital evolves into a leading tech and remote-working hub, it faces the challenge of evenly distributing financial benefits among its citizens.

Amid Portugal’s political upheaval, including Prime Minister Antonio Costa’s resignation due to corruption inquiries, how might these national events influence Lisbon’s transformation?

The Mayor of Lisbon, Carlos Moedas, talks to Al Jazeera.

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As the war on Gaza escalates, the United Nations’ stark divisions delayed a resolution for three weeks.

Senior human rights official Craig Mokhiber resigned, protesting against the UN’s silence on the "wholesale slaughter of the Palestinian people" by the Israeli army. In his resignation, Mokhiber criticised the UN’s inaction in the face of “genocide” in the Gaza Strip.

With Israel’s war on Gaza intensifying, Craig Mokhiber, the former director of the New York office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, talks to Al Jazeera.

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It’s been 10 years since Venezuelan leader Hugo Chavez died.

In the years that followed, the country, home to the world’s largest oil reserves, suffered economic collapse, political chaos and a mass exodus.

As Venezuelans face poverty and struggle to survive, more than 7 million have left the country in search of protection and a better life, according to the United Nations.

Have foreign powers played a role in the country’s stalemate? And is there still a way out of Venezuela’s impasse?

Venezuelan Foreign Minister Yvan Gil talks to Al Jazeera.

As the war on Gaza continues to escalate, the Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi talks to Al Jazeera about his country’s position on the continuing ground offensive.

Navi Pillay chairs the United Nations Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Israel.

Weeks before Hamas carried out its October 7 surprise offensive in southern Israel, and Israel launched a major military operation in Gaza, Pillay released a report.

It says: "The commission finds the increasingly militarised law enforcement operations of Israel and repeated attacks by Israel on Gaza are aimed at maintaining its unlawful 56-year occupation."

With the latest escalation now in its third week, Navi Pillay talks to Al Jazeera.

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As the war on Gaza is well into its third week, many are alarmed about the impact it could have on the occupied West Bank.

While Gaza is governed by Hamas, the occupied West Bank is governed by the Palestinian Authority, led by Fatah. Both factions want an independent Palestinian state.

However, their struggle for self-determination and autonomy has substantial historical differences.

But will a further escalation of the conflict in Gaza result in Fatah and Hamas putting aside their differences to join forces?

The Palestinian Prime Minister, Mohammad Shtayyeh, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Following Hamas's offensive in southern Israel on October 7, the Israeli army has targeted apartment blocks, hospitals, mosques and churches in Gaza, killing thousands of Palestinians.

Only on October 21, 14 days into the war, a few trucks carrying food, medicine and water were allowed into the Gaza Strip.

Will there be unconditional access to life-saving aid in Gaza as the conflict escalates?

We spoke to one of the regional heads of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) involved in the emergency response.

Mamadou Sow talks to Al Jazeera.

Last year, hundreds of people in Sierra Leone took to the streets in frustration at rising inflation and economic hardship. The protests turned violent and led to deaths.

Since then, President Julius Maada Bio has been re-elected, but there were accusations of widespread irregularities in the poll in June.

A former coup leader in the 1990s, Bio’s first civilian term was recognised for championing education and women’s rights. But after the recent coups in the region, does Sierra Leone face a similar risk?

Julius Maada Bio, the president of Sierra Leone, talks to Al Jazeera.

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For many, the Maldives represents the perfect Indian Ocean beach holiday destination.

But beyond the five-star resorts, turquoise waters and white sand lie major geopolitical interests.

The archipelago has turned into a political battleground for India and China.

As preparations for president-elect Mohamed Muizzu's swearing-in ceremony on November 17 get under way, Talk to Al Jazeera travels to Male, the capital of the Maldives, to find out how regional dynamics may change under his administration and what this could mean for the country and its people.

The president-elect of the Maldives, Mohamed Muizzu, talks to Al Jazeera.

Paul Kagame has ruled Rwanda for 23 years.

The small, landlocked country of 13 million people has come a long way since the civil war and genocide of 1994. Rwanda’s significant progress in education, technology, healthcare and security has made the nation an African success story.

But is living under Kagame’s government an African utopia? And as his influence in the region expands along with the country’s geopolitical role, is Rwanda proving a disruptive force in the region?

The president of Rwanda, Paul Kagame, talks to Al Jazeera.

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The military seized power in oil-rich Gabon on August 30, 2023.

It put President Ali Bongo Ondimba under house arrest, ending the Bongo family’s 56-year rule.

General Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, a cousin of the president, led that coup. The military leader appointed Raymond Ndong Sima as the prime minister of his transitional government.

Was the coup in Gabon just a family crisis to push the country’s rule into the hands of a different branch of the same elite?

Raymond Ndong Sima, prime minister of the transitional government of Gabon, talks to Al Jazeera.

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As world leaders gathered in New York for the 78th United Nations General Assembly, Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte led his country's delegation for the last time.

After 13 years in power, the Netherlands' longest-serving premier is leaving office after a dispute about immigration led to the collapse of his coalition government.

In this episode, we examine the political and diplomatic legacy of the politician nicknamed "Teflon Mark", who is known for being a resilient operator.

The prime minister of the Netherlands, Mark Rutte, talks to Al Jazeera.

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For almost two decades, Somali forces, backed by the international community, have been fighting al-Shabab.

But despite international support, the armed group remains influential in the south and centre of Somalia.

Now, the government is launching a sweeping offensive to retake al-Shabab territory. President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud is personally leading the fight, but that is not the only challenge facing the government.

Long years of drought, political divisions and the rise of autonomous regions pose significant problems.

These are some of the topics the Somali prime minister, Hamza Abdi Barre, talks to Al Jazeera about.

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Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has welcomed the world's 20 largest economies in New Delhi.

The G20 bloc accounts for more than 80 percent of global gross domestic product and 75 percent of international trade. But as the international community increasingly deals with opposing interests and geopolitical dynamics, many question if it serves any purpose.

The United Nations secretary-general is mandated to help resolve situations threatening global peace and security.

Can a summit overshadowed by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, a global economy in distress and an escalating climate crisis set the global agenda?

Antonio Guterres, UN secretary-general, talks to Al Jazeera.

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In 2015, a 21-year-old asylum seeker from Syria made it to the Greek island of Lesbos in a rubber boat.

Ryyan Alshebl’s journey continued by train, bus and on foot across Europe until he reached Germany.

German officials sent him to the rural Swabia region. He arrived seeking asylum, not knowing what the future had in store for him.

At 29, and against all odds, Alshebl is now the mayor of the town of Ostelsheim.

In this edition of Talk to Al Jazeera, we speak to Mayor Ryyan Alshebl and explore his journey, success story, and future dreams.

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As AI-driven robots become more intelligent and more autonomous, could they also become powerful or harmful?

The robot named Sophia was created in 2016 by the Hong Kong-based company Hanson Robotics.

Sophia’s AI technology has surpassed a simple combination of science and engineering. She has also become an innovation ambassador for the United Nations.

But what should we humans expect as we begin to accept the presence of AI robots in our everyday life?

Sophia talks to Al Jazeera.

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Yoshua Bengio's work in the 1990s and 2000s has contributed to the foundations of chatbots like OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Bard.

Today, Bengio is one of the biggest voices warning the world about the necessity of having control and regulations on artificial intelligence (AI) technology.

He testified before a United States congressional hearing, warning that the frantic pace of AI development, in the wrong hands, could be used to create biological weapons.

So, is AI an existential threat to humanity? Or is it a tool that will transform our lives for the better?

Computer Scientist Yoshua Bengio talks to Al Jazeera.

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Many regard the United States as a superpower. Yet more than 13 percent of adults in the country cannot read or write above third-grade level. That’s the same as an eight-year-old.

Censorship of library books is also on the rise.

The American Library Association reported a record number of demands to censor books last year. The more than 1,600 contested titles address mainly race and gender issues.

With more calls for censorship, the issue has become increasingly politicised. So will the "land of the free" remain so for readers?

Tracie Hall, the executive director of the American Library Association, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Dementia affects 55 million people worldwide, and its most common form, Alzheimer's, accounts for about 70 percent of all cases.

At the Alzheimer's Association International Conference, the largest congress advocating dementia science, held in Amsterdam this month, a pharmaceutical company disclosed details of its trials of a new drug: donanemab.

The American company, Eli Lilly, expects the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to decide by the end of 2023 whether to approve what it is calling a "breakthrough" drug.

But is this medication the best way forward? Or does it just supply cash flow for the pharmaceutical industry?

Leading dementia scientists Edo Richard and Craig Ritchie talk to Al Jazeera.

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In 2017 in Nigeria, Dr Dimie Ogoina diagnosed the world’s first known case of mpox in nearly 40 years. He rang the alarm bells, but the world refused to listen.

Five years later, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization declared mpox a public health emergency of international concern.

As the crisis unfolded, Ogoina’s observations became critical to developing strategies to prevent and control the outbreak.

In May this year, the WHO ended the mpox health emergency after 10 months, but is it over in the Global South?

Dr Dimie Ogoina talks to Al Jazeera.

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What the United Nations describes as "a state of mental well-being" is crucial for our socioeconomic development.

Despite an increasing acknowledgement of the critical role mental health plays in our lives, sufferers of mental health conditions are often stigmatised and discriminated against.

For more than 25 years, Devora Kestel, who leads mental health efforts at the World Health Organization (WHO), has been one of the loudest voices in the field, implementing and advising governments on policies related to mental health systems.

So what are the consequences of inadequate mental health policies?

Devora Kestel, the Director of Mental Health and Substance Use at the WHO, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Kenya is known for its geography, wildlife and rich culture.

It is also home to some of the world's best athletes.

It is the country with the most Olympic medals in Africa, 113 since it first participated at the Olympic Games in Melbourne in 1956.

But what are the sacrifices and challenges Kenyan athletes face to become sporting legends?

Kenya’s own Eliud Kipchoge and Faith Kipyegon talk to Al Jazeera.

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As the United States Supreme Court considers the role of race in college admissions, we explore the many challenges facing education with the first African American woman to lead one of the world's highest-ranked institutions.

The alumni and faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have been awarded 100 Nobel prizes.

But how is it dealing with diversity and equal opportunity?

Melissa Nobles, chancellor of MIT, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Augusto Pinochet’s military coup in 1973 was followed by 17 years of systematic human rights violations and the disappearance of some 1,500 Chileans who have never been found.

Relatives say they must find their remains to end their long mourning period. Many of them have died waiting.

As in many countries where the armed forces have committed atrocities against civilians, those who know where the remains of their victims were buried or destroyed have been reluctant to cooperate.

But the Chilean government is heading an ambitious plan to achieve justice.

Luis Cordero Vega, Chile’s minister of justice and human rights, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Pakistan’s geopolitical location seems to offer it vast economic opportunities. But in a region long troubled by political instability, the challenges are also formidable. And the conflicts are not just external.

International cooperation seems critical if Pakistan is to successfully confront its crises.

The country's top diplomat, who took the job in April last year, comes from a family with a long political history. He is the son of former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto, who was killed on December 27, 2007.

We caught up with him during his most recent diplomatic mission in Baghdad.

Pakistan's Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari talks to Al Jazeera.

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According to the World Bank, Mexico is Latin America's second largest economy and one of the world's top 15.

But the wealthiest 10 percent of Mexicans control nearly half of the country’s total income, while the poorest 10 percent have access to less than 2 percent of it.

President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador came to power in 2018, promising to turn that around. But a year later, Mexico's poverty rate had grown to nearly 44 percent.

With a general election next year, could he fail to fulfil his promises before leaving office?

Mexico's Deputy Finance Minister Gabriel Yorio González talks to Al Jazeera.

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With an acting career spanning more than 30 years, Cate Blanchett is considered one of the greatest actors of her generation. But she also plays important non-fictional roles.

In 2016, Blanchett became a goodwill ambassador for the United Nations refugee agency UNHCR.

She has since travelled to Bangladesh, where she met Rohingya Muslims who fled persecution in Myanmar; Lebanon, where she met Syrians forced from their homes by war; and most recently to Jordan, which hosts more than 743,000 refugees.

We caught up with her to discuss the UN’s operations and how the refugees she met have changed her perspective.

Cate Blanchett talks to Al Jazeera.

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Frenchman Arsene Wenger arrived in London in 1996 to take charge of the Arsenal Football Club at a time when foreign coaches were still a rarity in English football.

He started a revolution in how to prepare for matches, and his approach helped change the game forever.

Wenger's methods were initially greeted with scepticism, but they soon proved to be successful.

He was in charge for 828 Premier League matches over 22 seasons, making him the league's longest-serving manager.

Looking back, were all the sacrifices he made worth it?

Arsene Wenger talks to Al Jazeera.

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For centuries, Africa has been plundered by foreign powers, who have seized territory and reaped the benefits of profitable trade routes.

Despite Africa’s abundant natural resources, it remains the poorest continent.

A new report by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) supports an African Union initiative to remove trade barriers to increase the flow of goods among African nations. It says the African Continental Free Trade Area could reduce extreme poverty.

We caught up with the IMF managing director while she was in Nairobi to endorse the AU initiative. Kristalina Georgieva talks to Al Jazeera.

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Born Charles Philip Arthur George on November 14, 1948, he was four when his mother, Queen Elizabeth, was crowned and 20 when she formally made him Prince of Wales.

At 73, he became King Charles III upon the queen's death in September.

Buckingham Palace said his coronation, which takes place on Saturday, would reflect the monarch's role today.

But what challenges await King Charles as he reigns over an entirely new generation of people in the United Kingdom and across the Commonwealth?

Robert Lacey, one of the UK’s most renowned royal biographers and historians, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Humanity has tried to define and debate what art is for centuries. Perhaps those definitions are driven by our desperate need to better understand our existence.

Throughout history, art has been a way we tell our stories, express our faith and beliefs, and depict the phases that have marked our social evolutions.

In this edition of Talk to Al Jazeera, we explore the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, accompanied by one of the most knowledgeable minds on the subject.

Taco Dibbits, general director of the Rijksmuseum, talks to Al Jazeera.

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It has been more than two years since Myanmar’s military seized control of the country.

The fight between the army and those opposing the coup deepened when ethnic armed groups joined the conflict.

Even as violence escalates, the persecution of Rohingya Muslims has dragged on since 2017, when thousands fled to Bangladesh as they came under attack.

Diplomatic efforts are pushing Myanmar’s leaders to allow Rohingya people back into the country. But can their safety be guaranteed? And will efforts to reestablish democratic rule make progress?

Zaw Min Tun, Myanmar's deputy minister of information, talks to Al Jazeera.

It has been more than two years since Myanmar’s military seized control of the country.

The fight between the army and those opposing the coup deepened when ethnic armed groups joined the conflict.

Even as violence escalates, the persecution of Rohingya Muslims has dragged on since 2017, when thousands fled to Bangladesh as they came under attack.

Diplomatic efforts are pushing Myanmar’s leaders to allow Rohingya people back into the country. But can their safety be guaranteed? And will efforts to reestablish democratic rule make progress?

Zaw Min Tun, Myanmar's deputy minister of information, talks to Al Jazeera.

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The United Nations has faced criticism for decades over its effectiveness, especially its means to resolve conflicts and ease the suffering of the most vulnerable.

Many argue that veto powers held by its Security Council permanent members, China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States, create an uneven balance of power.

Delegates from 46 of the poorest nations have come together in Doha for the fifth conference of the UN's least developed countries.

But does the UN need to be reformed first, as critics say, to make progress?

The UN General Assembly President, Csaba Korosi, talks to Al Jazeera.

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Since President Ebrahim Raisi took office in 2021, he has pushed for a foreign policy focused on the Eastern Hemisphere, while developing closer ties with Iran's neighbours.

Evidence of that is an agreement signed in Beijing in early March for Iran to restore diplomatic relations with Saudi Arabia.

But Iran remains heavily sanctioned by the West, as the long process to revive the landmark 2015 nuclear agreement stays largely stalled.

So, how significant is this deal to restoring ties with its longtime regional rival?

Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amirabdollahian, talks to Al Jazeera.

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