Lions Led By Donkeys Podcast

We continue our exploration of the first republic! GET THE COMPLETE EPISODE ON PATREON HERE! https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys/posts/history-of-life-169692876 COME SEE US LIVE IN CORK, IRELAND SEPTEMBER 26TH https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 CANT MAKE IT? WE'RE LIVESTREAMING IT! https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 BUY JOE'S BOOK https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ DON'T WANT TO BUY FROM AMAZON? NO PROBLEM: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/the-highlands-burn-epub

PART 6/6 COME SEE US LIVE IN CORK, IRELAND SEPTEMBER 26TH https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 GET YOUR LIVESTREAM TICKETS HERE: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 BUY JOE'S BOOK https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Fo%E2%80%A6ok/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ The conclusion to our series on The Imjin War!

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Enjoying the series? Get the conclusion right now! https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys/posts/early-episode-6-168790323?pr=true COME SEE US LIVE SEPTEMBER 26TH IN CORK, IRELAND https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 CAN'T MAKE IT? GET YOUR LIVESTREAM TICKETS HERE https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 BUY JOE'S BOOK https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Fo%E2%80%A6ok/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Part 5/6

Get the whole episode on Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys/posts/lions-led-by-31-168423686 COME SEE US LIVE SEPTEMBER 26TH IN CORK, IRELAND https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 CAN'T MAKE IT? GET LIVESTREAM TICKETS! https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 BUY JOE'S BOOK https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Fo%E2%80%A6ok/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Tattoo pain, jacked gorillas, shaving squires, shorts on stage, and Barry The Chopper's urge to butcher his own body.

PART 4/6 ENJOYING THE SERIES? GET THE NEXT EPISODE RIGHT NOW: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys/posts/early-episode-5-168127865 COME SEE US LIVE SEPTEMBER 26TH IN CORK, IRELAND https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 CAN'T MAKE IT TO THE SHOW? NO PROBLEM! WE'RE LIVESTREAMING IT! https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 BUY JOE'S BOOK DIRECTLY FROM US https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/the-highlands-burn-epub

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON AND GET OUR NEXT EPISODE RIGHT NOW! https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys/posts/early-episode-2-166213298 COME SEE US LIVE SEPTEMBER 26TH IN CORK, IRELAND! https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 CAN'T MAKE IT? WE'RE STREAMING IT! https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 BUY JOE'S BOOK! https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Fo%E2%80%A6ok/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ In 1592 a newly unified Japan, under the control of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, launched an invasion of the Joseon Kingdom with an army numbering in the hundreds of thousands. The war would eventually consist of two different invasions over the course of almost 6 years and suck in most of Asia, killing well over 1 million people in the process, all while Japan accomplished absolutely nothing. SOURCES: Hawley, Samuel (2014). The Imjin War: Japan's Sixteenth Century Invasion of Korea and Attempt to Conquer China (2nd ed.). Conquistador Press. Turnbull, Stephen (2012). The Samurai Invasion of Korea 1592–98. Osprey Publishing. Andrade, Tonio (2016). The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History Brown, Delmer M. (May 1948). "The Impact of Firearms on Japanese Warfare, 1543–1598". The Far Eastern Quarterly Park, Yune-hee (1978). Admiral Yi Sun-shin and His Turtleboat Armada. Hanjin Publishing Company Rockstein, Edward D. (1993). Strategic And Operational Aspects of Japan's Invasions of Korea 1592–1598. Naval War College. Kang, Etsuko Hae-jin (1997). Diplomacy and ideology in Japanese–Korean relations: from the fifteenth to the eighteenth century. Palgrave Macmillan Lewis, James B. (2004). "The Book of Corrections: Reflections on the National Crisis during the Japanese Invasion of Korea, 1592–1598. By Sôngnyong Yu. Translated by Choi Byonghyon. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies". The Journal of Asian Studies.

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TICKETS TO OUR LIVE SHOW IN CORK, IRELAND ARE NOW AVAILABLE! https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 CAN'T MAKE IT? NO PROBLEM! WE'RE STREAMING IT (WITH VOD) https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 GET JOE'S BOOK! Ebook, Audiobook, and Paperbacks now available! https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Or you can buy the ebook and audiobook directly from us: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/ Peter Ortiz, a rich kid from New York City, serves in the French Foreign Legion before joining the Marine Corps, becoming a spy during WWII, and fighting the Nazis alongside the French Resistance, all while dual-wielding pistols, in full dress uniform, and wearing a cape. SOURCES: https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/peter-ortiz-oss-operative-undercover-hero/ https://www.military.com/daily-news/investigations-and-features/2025/11/05/us-marine-who-forced-nazi-officers-toast-fdr-gunpoint-and-became-most-decorated-oss-operative.html https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-american-spy-who-surrendered-to-the-nazis-to-save-civilians-180982003/ https://www.defensemedianetwork.com/stories/the-incredible-saga-of-col-peter-j-ortiz/ https://chroniclesmagazine.org/columns/sins-of-omission/the-marine-corps-answer-to-james-bond/ https://www.tracesofwar.com/persons/32798/Ortiz-Pierre-Peter-Julien.htm

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys TICKETS TO OUR LIVE SHOW IN CORK, IRELAND ARE NOW AVAILABLE! https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 CAN'T MAKE IT? NO PROBLEM! WE'RE STREAMING IT (WITH VOD) https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 GET JOE'S BOOK! Ebook, Audiobook, and Paperbacks now available! https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Or you can buy the ebook and audiobook directly from us: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/ Get Nate's band's debut album here! https://secondhomesband.com/ After zeppelins begin bombing the UK, the British order the first seaborne air raid in British military history. It involves hundreds of men, dozens of ships...all to launch a few biplanes that are barely armed with bombs, with no navigational devices, and no idea where they are going. SOURCES: Layman RD. The Cuxhaven Raid, The World's First Carrier Air Strike. Conway Maritime Press. 1985 https://www.avalanchepress.com/JutlandCuxhaven1.php https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/1998/february/strike-warfare-1914 https://nationalinterest.org/blog/raid-on-cuxhaven-first-carrier-raid-in-history-bw-122525 https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/cuxhaven-raid/

GET THE ENTIRE EPISODE HERE: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys/posts/history-of-life-164568292 TICKETS TO OUR LIVE SHOW IN CORK, IRELAND ARE NOW AVAILABLE! https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 CAN'T MAKE IT? NO PROBLEM! WE'RE STREAMING IT (WITH VOD) https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 GET JOE'S BOOK! Ebook, Audiobook, and Paperbacks now available! https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Or you can buy the ebook and audiobook directly from us: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys SEE US LIVE IN CORK, IRELAND SEPTEMBER 26TH: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-tickets-1993823733459 WE'RE LIVESTREAMING IT (WITH VOD) https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-cork-26th-september-2026-tickets-1993900928351 BUY JOE'S BOOK! https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0GSG5CNXX AND IF YOU DON'T WANT TO BUY IT ON AMAZON, BUY IT STRAIGHT FROM US! https://lagunairepress.com/ CHECK OUT NATE'S BAND'S ALBUM! https://secondhomesband.com/ During the Korean War, the People's Volunteer Army of China and the UN fought a meaningless battle over a hill shaped like a pork chop in order to leverage ongoing negotiations. Thousands died, and everyone claimed they won. SOURCES: Marshall, S.L.A. (1956). Pork Chop Hill: The American Fighting Man in Action, Korea, Spring 1953. Hermes, Walter G (1966). "Truce Tent and Fighting Front". The United States Army in the Korean War. Vol. 2. Center of Military History. The Korean War. The Battle on Pork Chop Hill. https://historynet.com/korean-war-battle-on-pork-chop-hill/ https://warhistory.org/article/july-6-11-1953-the-battle-of-pork-chop-hill-hill-255 https://web.archive.org/web/20061109043603/http://www.historynet.com/magazines/military_history/3034286.html

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys GET JOE'S BOOK: Ebook, Audiobook, and Paperbacks now available! https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Or you can buy the ebook and audiobook directly from us: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/ Get Nate's band's debut album here! https://secondhomesband.com/ The Union takes over the island of Galveston, Texas, and the Confederates aim to take it back with quite possibly some of the dumbest armored ships the world has ever seen. SOURCES: R. Thomas Campbell. Fire Over Texas: Galveston in the Civil War. April 2006. Military Heritage. Volume 7, no. 5 https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1983/january/battle-galveston https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/magruder-john-bankhead https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/great-hanging-at-gainesville https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/galveston-battle-of https://web.archive.org/web/20011115111011/http://history.navy.mil/photos/sh-us-cs/csa-sh/csash-ag/bayou-ct.htm

Joe and Tom sit down to talk about the next 4 episodes of FMAB. It includes a heartbreaking funeral scene, a hypothetical Slovenian basketball player, getting abandoned on an island for a month, and the intricacies of dog medicine. If you want to hear the whole episode, it's available on Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys/posts/lions-led-by-29-163262842 BUY JOE'S BOOK! https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0GSG5CNXX AND IF YOU DON'T WANT TO BUY IT ON AMAZON, BUY IT STRAIGHT FROM US! https://lagunairepress.com/ CHECK OUT NATE'S BAND'S ALBUM! https://secondhomesband.com/

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Check out Failure to Launch: https://open.spotify.com/show/67k2E47btdeWWdljZAmf9A GET JOE'S BOOK: Ebook, Audiobook, and Paperbacks now available! https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Or you can buy the ebook and audiobook directly from us: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/ Get Nate's band's debut album here! https://secondhomesband.com/ Joe is joined by Chris and Quinn of Failure to Launch to talk about the first major battle of the First Crusades and how the Crusaders stumbled over their own feet to victory sources: Runciman, Steven (2005). The First Crusade. New York: Cambridge University Press Historia Hierosolymitana John France, Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade, Cambridge University Press, 1996 Richardson, Scott. Dorylaeum: The First Christian-Muslim Clash of the Crusades. military Heritage. December 2007. Vol 9. No 3.

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USE CODE DONK50 TO GET 50% OFF YOUR FIRST MONTH ON PATREON UNTIL THE END OF JUNE http://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys GET JOE'S BOOK Ebook, Audiobook, and Paperbacks now available! https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Or you can buy the ebook and audiobook directly from us: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/ Get Nate's band's debut album here! https://secondhomesband.com/ Hoping to get one over on their Spartan enemies, Athens is tricked by some fancy furniture and sweet chains and invades Sicily. Before the operation can even start, one commander who is trying to stop the invasion frames another for the crime of sacrilege, leading him to defect to the Spartans and convince them to join the war to stop Athens. Somehow, that isn't even the strangest thing that happens over the next two years. SOURCES: Ellis, Walter M. Alcibiades. New York: Routledge, 1989 Kagan, Donald. The Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. Translated by Richard Crawley. Strauss, Barry S., and Josiah Ober. The Anatomy of Error: Ancient Military Disasters and Their Lessons for Modern Strategists. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1990 Porter, Barry. Misplaced Aggression: The Athenian Defeat at Syracuse. Military Heritage. Vol. 9 No. 2.

Get the full episode on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys/posts/bonus-episode-of-161960001 GET JOE'S BOOK! Ebook, Audiobook, and Paperbacks now available! https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Or you can buy the ebook and audiobook directly from us: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/ Get Nate's band's debut album here! https://secondhomesband.com/ Joe, Nate, and Tom get the Guise together in Part II of our new series on the French Wars of Religion as tensions rise, and discuss medieval Laura Loomer, it being about ethics in troubadour journalism, and physical ailments that don't improve for being lanced. This series appears thanks to research done by our friend and colleague Dr. Joel Butler.

BUY JOE'S BOOK: https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ Don't want to use amazon? Get the Ebook and Audiobook directly from us: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/the-highlands-burn-epub Get Nate's band's debut album here! https://secondhomesband.com/ During the closing of the Hundred Years' War the English decide to launch a cavalry charge against in an entrenched French army, directly into the barrels of hundreds of cannons. It does not end well. SOURCES: Welsh, William. Castilion: The Last Battle of the Hundred Years' War. Military Heritage. April 2008. Vol. 9, No. 5. Curry, Anne. (1993). The Hundred Years War. New York. St. Martin's Press. Grummitt, David (2010). "Castillon, Siege and Battle of". In Rogers, Clifford J. (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. Nolan, Cathal J., ed. (2006). "Castillon, Battle of (July 17, 1453)". The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000–1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization. Vol. 1. Greenwood Press. https://web.archive.org/web/20051028021944/http://www.xenophongroup.com/montjoie/castilon.htm

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON. USE CODE DONK50 TO GET 50% OFF YOUR FIRST MONTH patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys LISTEN TO BLOOD WORK: https://open.spotify.com/show/5jt9RZSCVMJ1KS84QHB9jJ BUY JOE'S BOOK 'THE HIGHLANDS BURN' https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=AVUPB28MBUYO&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.NNgKYnCYiqAJJS_eOQD2UYzjUqrfsCV8e6mhEpEOu8dyC1MKfbuv5t1cX6Cv-Kw5Hm3lFM_2vWG3Dc3EnyW4xSOR0eGi5GLaqW0TcrcO5Vf6VMd4F2keDTuQ1DlRS-GBNr24jKul0TozZWTct2sAiq3zX-82f5yk8oWl8KkPE2vH_sELnUhQbW_R3A330VM65hxbAUa56Ppyxfo9tMa38b_Qv1L4w4yYCj7rktOrxlw.KjrRckJzI25gb9P-yCrRS0hCQGw1qvYFlzBrcOT0wIs&dib_tag=se&keywords=THE+HIGHLANDS+BURN&qid=1780860988&sprefix=the+highlands+burn%2Caps%2C307&sr=8-1 Don't want to use Amazon? Buy it the ebook from our store: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/the-highlands-burn-epub Get the audiobook: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/the-highlands-burn-audiobook Joe and Tom are once again joined by Gregk Foley of Blood Work to talk about the US Army's Operation Aphrodite during WWII. When a bunch of engineers attempted to create the world's first suicide attack drone. It resulted in a series of dead pilots, nearly blowing up several British villages, and one dead Kennedy. SOURCES: Freeman, Roger. The Mighty Eighth. Spark, Nick. Television Goes to War. https://web.archive.org/web/20080417214556/http://www.mugualumni.org/secretarsenal/page9.html Gary, Edwin. Operation Aphrodite's B-17 "Smart Bomb." Olsen, Jack. Aphrodite: Desperate Mission. https://archive.org/details/aphroditedespera00olse Webb, Mason. Operation Aphrodite. WWII Quarterly. Fall 2014. Vol. 6 No. 1

USE CODE DONK50 TO GET 50% OFF YOUR PATREON SUBSCRIPTION https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys LISTEN TO BLOOD WORK: https://open.spotify.com/show/5jt9RZSCVMJ1KS84QHB9jJ Buy The Highlands Burn: https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX Get the audiobook (read by Joe) https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/the-highlands-burn-audiobook During WWII the US Army developed a top secret program to create racist attack dogs on a swamp island off of the coast of Mississippi. This is the story about how Japanese-American soldiers were forced to act as bait for packs of untrained, starving, and abused dogs all because a Swiss psycho, who had no experience training dogs, convinced the US Army that each race smelled differently. SOURCES: https://www.npca.org/articles/3798-the-dog-trainers-of-cat-island https://historynet.com/dog-training-pacific-war/ https://www.sunherald.com/news/state/mississippi/article277536763.html https://www.uswardogs.org/WWII https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/dogs-defense-how-skip-spot-and-rover-went-fight-world-war-ii https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/national-dog-day https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/uncle-sam-needs-to-borrow-your-dog.htm

Joe, Tom, and Nate take to the stage at the Rich Mix in London to talk about the time the Republic of Texas attempted to invade Santa Fe, New Mexico without food, water, or even knowing where Santa Fe was on a map. Get the full episode on Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/posts/159999155 USE CODE DONK50 TO GET 50% OFF YOUR FIRST MONTH SUBSCRIPTION THROUGHOUT JUNE GET JOE'S BOOK: https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ DON'T WANT TO USE AMAZON? NO PROBLEM: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/the-highlands-burn-epub https://www.llbdpodcast.com/products/the-highlands-burn-audiobook

USE CODE DONK50 AND GET 50% OFF YOUR FIRST MONTH ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys BUY THE HIGHLANDS BURN: https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=QWHSPAADI07D&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.uLEY0I7D6t0IC9GWsF7SH1FKEgKqsqTLmV4PQ_lLi-wVUCYgTqIv0BWd9_-x3VzP.xn7v2CqU5MjngXmmSbYvVGsY_fxkvgsz-LA2tkhHHTs&dib_tag=se&keywords=joseph+kassabian&qid=1774247705&s=digital-text&sprefix=%2Cdigital-text%2C176&sr=1-1 CONTENT WARNING French and English colonies in North America go to war as a part of the larger War of Spanish Succession. Soon an allied force of French soldiers, militia, and Native Warriors are snowshoeing their way from New France to Massachusetts in order to destroy the town of Deerfield. SOURCES: Calloway, Colin Gordon. After King Philip's War: Presence and Persistence in Indian New England P.G. Smith. "This Force of French and Allied Warriors Snowshoed 300 Miles to Terrorize a Small Town in Massachusetts." P.G. Smith https://historynet.com/deerfield-raid-massachusetts/ https://www.americanheritage.com/deerfield-massacre https://www.nepm.org/regional-news/2024-02-28/320-years-ago-the-raid-in-deerfield-was-at-the-center-of-the-fight-for-control-of-north-america https://historyofmassachusetts.org/raid-on-deerfield/ https://deerfieldraid1704.org/

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys SEE US LIVE MAY 29TH IN LONDON: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-tickets-1985443952308 CAN'T MAKE IT? WE'RE STREAMING IT! GET YOUR STREAMING TICKETS: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-2026-tickets-1985444086710 PRE ORDER JOE'S NEW BOOK! https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=QWHSPAADI07D&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.uLEY0I7D6t0IC9GWsF7SH1FKEgKqsqTLmV4PQ_lLi-wVUCYgTqIv0BWd9_-x3VzP.xn7v2CqU5MjngXmmSbYvVGsY_fxkvgsz-LA2tkhHHTs&dib_tag=se&keywords=joseph+kassabian&qid=1774247705&s=digital-text&sprefix=%2Cdigital-text%2C176&sr=1-1 Once upon a time the Russian Empire funded the construction of what might be the world's dumbest tank that is arguably not a tank at all. Larger than any of its peers during WWI, the Tsar Tank goes down in history due to its strange shape, weird wheels, and the fact that developers of the Battlefield video game series thought it was too unrealistic to put it in one of their games. SOURCES: Zaloga, Steven. Grandsen, James. Soviet Tanks and Combat Vehicles of World War Two. Milsom, John. Russian Tanks, 1900-1970 https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/the-tsar-tank-is-possibly-the-strangest-tank-ever-devised https://www.rbth.com/defence/2014/09/29/the_first_russian_tanks_a_long_and_difficult_road_to_the_battlefield_40199.html https://www.thearmorylife.com/tsar-tank-russias-secret-wwi-weapon/ http://www.landships.info/landships/tank_articles/Lebedenko.html

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: http://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys PREORDER JOE'S BOOK https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=QWHSPAADI07D&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.uLEY0I7D6t0IC9GWsF7SH1FKEgKqsqTLmV4PQ_lLi-wVUCYgTqIv0BWd9_-x3VzP.xn7v2CqU5MjngXmmSbYvVGsY_fxkvgsz-LA2tkhHHTs&dib_tag=se&keywords=joseph+kassabian&qid=1774247705&s=digital-text&sprefix=%2Cdigital-text%2C176&sr=1-1 SEE US LIVE MAY 29TH IN LONDON: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-tickets-1985443952308 CANT MAKE THE SHOW? WE'RE STREAMING IT! GET YOUR LIVESTREAM TICKETS HERE: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-2026-tickets-1985444086710 GET SECOND HOME'S DEBUT ALBUM https://secondhomes.bandcamp.com/album/find-a-way-to-hate-it The episode with the flag raising in it.

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys PREORDER JOE'S BOOK https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=QWHSPAADI07D&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.uLEY0I7D6t0IC9GWsF7SH1FKEgKqsqTLmV4PQ_lLi-wVUCYgTqIv0BWd9_-x3VzP.xn7v2CqU5MjngXmmSbYvVGsY_fxkvgsz-LA2tkhHHTs&dib_tag=se&keywords=joseph+kassabian&qid=1774247705&s=digital-text&sprefix=%2Cdigital-text%2C176&sr=1-1 SEE US LIVE MAY 29TH IN LONDON: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-tickets-1985443952308 CANT MAKE THE SHOW? WE'RE STREAMING IT! GET YOUR LIVESTREAM TICKETS HERE: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-2026-tickets-1985444086710 GET SECOND HOME'S DEBUT ALBUM https://secondhomes.bandcamp.com/album/find-a-way-to-hate-it A tiny speck of inhospitable black sand turns into hell on earth as tens of thousands of men slaughter one another over caves, bunkers, and mountains. Armed with explosives, flame throwers, napalm, and more naval gunfire than the Japanese had ever seen, US Marines struggle through one of the most horrific battles of the Pacific Campaign of WWII. Part 1/3 SOURCES: Toll, Ian W. Twilight of the Gods: War in the Western Pacific, 1944–1945 Allen, Robert E. The First Battalion of the 28th Marines on Iwo Jima: A Day-by-Day History from Personal Accounts and Official Reports, with Complete Muster Rolls. Burrell, Robert S. "Breaking the Cycle of Iwo Jima Mythology: A Strategic Study of Operation Detachment" Toland, John. The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire, 1936–1945 Leckie, Robert. The Battle for Iwo Jima Kakehashi, Kumiko. So Sad to Fall in Battle: An Account of War Based on General Tadamichi Kuribayashi's Letters from Iwo Jima Wheeler, Richard. Iwo Jima. Tatum, Chuck. Red Blood, Black Sand: With John Basilone on Iwo Jima

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: http://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys PREORDER JOE'S BOOK https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=QWHSPAADI07D&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.uLEY0I7D6t0IC9GWsF7SH1FKEgKqsqTLmV4PQ_lLi-wVUCYgTqIv0BWd9_-x3VzP.xn7v2CqU5MjngXmmSbYvVGsY_fxkvgsz-LA2tkhHHTs&dib_tag=se&keywords=joseph+kassabian&qid=1774247705&s=digital-text&sprefix=%2Cdigital-text%2C176&sr=1-1 SEE US LIVE MAY 29TH IN LONDON: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-tickets-1985443952308 CANT MAKE THE SHOW? WE'RE STREAMING IT! GET YOUR LIVESTREAM TICKETS HERE: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-2026-tickets-1985444086710 GET SECOND HOME'S DEBUT ALBUM https://secondhomes.bandcamp.com/album/find-a-way-to-hate-it The Spanish see the crowning of a French child king as an opportunity to invade. They deploy the Army of Flanders. Once mighty, but now reduced to being commanded by idiots and one man who was so old and sick that he had to be dragged around the battlefield in a chair. SOURCES: Ribas, Alberto Raúl Esteban. The Battle of Rocroi 1643: Clash of Seventeenth Century Superpowers. Sanchez, Juan. "Paul Bernard de Fontaine (1576 – 1643), señor de Fougerolles, Conde del S.R.I." Stephane Thion. Rocroi 1643: The Victory of Youth. Welsh, William. Spanish Disaster at Rocroi. Late Winter 2012. Vol 13, No. 4 Jeremy Black, European Warfare, 1494-1660

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Check out TWOAPW: https://www.worstpossible.world/ PREORDER JOE'S BOOK: https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=QWHSPAADI07D&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.uLEY0I7D6t0IC9GWsF7SH1FKEgKqsqTLmV4PQ_lLi-wVUCYgTqIv0BWd9_-x3VzP.xn7v2CqU5MjngXmmSbYvVGsY_fxkvgsz-LA2tkhHHTs&dib_tag=se&keywords=joseph+kassabian&qid=1774247705&s=digital-text&sprefix=%2Cdigital-text%2C176&sr=1-1 GET LIVE SHOW TICKETS: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-tickets-1985443952308 GET LIVESTREAM TICKETS: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-tickets-1985443952308 Joe is joined by AJ, Brian, and Josh from the Worst of All Possible Worlds to talk about the time a British trader got murdered by Samurai for being an asshole and sparked a war between the British and the Satsuma Domain. SOURCES: De Lange, William. The Namamugi Incident: The Murder that Sparked a War Totman, Conrad. The collapse of the Tokugawa Bakufu, 1862–1868 Satow, Ernest. A Diplomat in Japan Rennie, David Field. The British Arms in North China and Japan

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys?vanity=user PRE ORDER JOE'S BOOK https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3O97YGHOXJRP4&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.kBj_XRfH3_GHTnQkYjzECwIddNedvlE4-RCHBWgHXlUErgqNYWgOwY1KYsA7yZvLQTviQGOF346h8IITpO3cNvuwWz7a7NR6wkpDazqkiZ81Klbpu5C-MrbANkkKB0_S4RLO_WvFNKmY8dykmuSv38BFZOwVzb95iFq65uWaHolnpmmeCvadgtqgMwbO_-ixcUjAojfLba2sN_LO48EwZZkCCte9AbJivDEvvYwEeNw.7XuiOakliB9sCJdyw_OJA0I-Ul5yjB2E2RrFAUbPM_w&dib_tag=se&keywords=the+highlands+burn&qid=1775307842&sprefix=%2Caps%2C179&sr=8-1 PRE ORDER SECOND HOME'S DEBUT ALBUM: https://secondhomes.bandcamp.com/album/find-a-way-to-hate-it LIVE SHOW TICKETS: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-tickets-1985443952308 LIVE STREAM TICKETS: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-2026-tickets-1985444086710 A half-blind Irish immigrant to the US freelance develops the first modern submarine with funds from the Fenian Brotherhood. This leads to a lot of arguments and a late-night submarine jacking. SOURCES: Davies, R. Nautilus: The Story of Man Under the Sea Lyons, Chuck. The Holland Submarine. Military Heritage. August 2008. Vol 10, no. 1 Devoy Tells Story of First Submarine: Holland Warship Purchased for Clan-na-Gael, The Original Owners, by Harry Cunningham”, The Gaelic American, New York, 09 July 1927 https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1935/august/fenian-ram https://www.millrivertrail.com/learn/famous-stolen-submarine https://web.archive.org/web/20121021174106/http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/n87/usw/issue_19/holland2.htm

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PREORDER JOE'S NEW BOOK: https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=QWHSPAADI07D&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.uLEY0I7D6t0IC9GWsF7SH1FKEgKqsqTLmV4PQ_lLi-wVUCYgTqIv0BWd9_-x3VzP.xn7v2CqU5MjngXmmSbYvVGsY_fxkvgsz-LA2tkhHHTs&dib_tag=se&keywords=joseph+kassabian&qid=1774247705&s=digital-text&sprefix=%2Cdigital-text%2C176&sr=1-1 LIVE SHOW TICKETS: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-tickets-1985443952308 LIVE STREAM TICKETS: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-london-29th-may-2026-tickets-1985444086710 SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys The Battle of Ramree Island has gone down in history for being known for one thing: a massive crocodile attack that apparently destroyed the Japanese as they attempted to retreat. But, what if we told you that that popular story was completely made up by one guy who wasn't even there at the time? Sources: Allen, Louis. Burma: The Longest War McLynn, Frank. The Burma Campaign: Disaster into Triumph, 1942–45 Wright, B. S. (1962). Wildlife Sketches: Near and Far. Wright, B. S. (1968). The Frogmen of Burma Platt, Steven. Man eating by Estuarine Crocodiles: the Ramree Island massacre revisited Lyons, Chuck. The Mystery at the Battle of Ramree Island. WWII History. Vol. 25. No. 1 Frazier, George. A Man's Worst Friend. The Boston Globe Archive. https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/438950677/ https://the-avocado.org/2019/03/02/things-that-are-not-the-horrors-of-ramree-island/ https://www.thetimes.com/uk/history/article/crocodile-massacre-of-troops-debunked-as-wartime-myth-k6vxhdfsq

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FOR THE WHOLE EPISODE GO HERE: https://www.patreon.com/posts/153325099 Tom and Joe are joined by Lucy Valentine of the podcasts Boonta Vista and Savant Garde to talk about...whatever FLCL is. Is it about growing up? Puberty? Changing oneself for the better? Trauma? We have no idea but man is it fun.

PREORDER JOE'S NEW FANTASY NOVEL: https://www.amazon.com/Highlands-Burn-Foundling-Brigade-Saga-ebook/dp/B0GSG5CNXX/ref=sr_1_1?crid=28PYNNVKMAELT&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.vJU8q9bT2skMPocB8TLK3SQaS00llqP5djabrgGlb6PbohI3eXCKx4PBd_estyu1sKcrRFhwYBND4TTpbK29TKTSRPPQXAMm0YtWlJsX-8frRQT5ljLnsOplutHcSx-MyYKJWlUWmYxAem3R0vVpZ8eSLhuzHTNiTAIai0QTTHfC-O75kLfjAbf_0Vq_CjuTDU0Oof4mWclUz3aM9Fx0vCHuzb_9WzwH8c2xEjgOUN8.W_JOGgoCzfIALrWzYBC1ie5Bg9oW9Axq6Ok6Wo3Pv28&dib_tag=se&keywords=the+highlands+burn&qid=1773646095&sprefix=%2Caps%2C211&sr=8-1 SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys In a time before US Naval dominance, the not-quite-yet imperial power decided to modernize its Navy to a level that might enable it to compete with its European counterparts. Instead, they created the USS Massachusetts and the Indiana Class. A battleship that was not a battleship, with guns so large they were more hazardous to the ship itself than any enemy, and so impossible to control the Navy kept crashing it into rocks. There are two battleships named the USS Massachusetts. This is the BB-2. The one that fought in WWII is the BB-59 Sources: Gardiner, Robert; Lambert, Andrew D. (1992). Steam, Steel & Shellfire: The Steam Warship 1815–1905 https://www.al.com/news/mobile/2016/07/diving_the_worst_battleship_ev.html https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2020/june/race-uss-oregon https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/uss-massachusetts-why-worst-us-navy-battleship-ever-210474 https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/the-epic-journey-of-uss-oregon-during-the-spanish-american-war/ https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1901/03/26/117958746.pdf https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1903/08/24/105058393.pdf https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1904/12/16/120273752.pdf https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1911/12/02/104844371.pdf

Nate emerges from a vat of paprikas boykibble to take the reins and bring us the story of The Battle of Haçova, a decisive clash between the Habsburgs and the Ottomans, the implications of the Hamburger Helper Mascot, and Smurf racism. Get the whole episode on Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/posts/152758527 We still have merch available! Check it out here www.llbdpodcast.com/

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: http://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys In the aftermath of the Sand Creek Massacre, the traditional governance of the Cheyenne people fracture, the pro-peace chiefs lose power, and warrior societies promise revenge against the settlers and military for their crimes. A band of warriors trap a small patrol of American soldiers and frontiersmen leading to a plains siege that forces soldiers to eat raw horse meat and then get violently ill because they were eating raw horse meat. SOURCES: Norris, David. Desperate Last Stand At Beecher Island. Military Heritage. August 2012. Volume 14, No 2. Mort, Terry. Cheyenne Summer. The Battle of Beecher Island: A History Yenne, Bill. The Indian Wars: The Campaign for the American West Monnett, John. The Battle of Beecher Island and the Indian War of 1867- 1869 Grinnell, George. Bent, George. The Fighting Cheyennes. Grinnell, George. Bent, George. The Cheyenne Indians: Their History and Lifeways. https://the-past.com/feature/looking-death-in-the-face-the-battle-for-beecher-island-september-1868/

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys US Forces lie to the people of the Great Plains, convince them they are under the protection of the US government for the purpose of negotiations and commit a crime so horrible that it forces congress to investigate. *correction. Several Medals of Honor have been revoked. Specifically in 1917. This had nothing to do with conduct but rather a changing of criteria of what was considered worthy of the medal. SOURCES: Grinnell, George. Bent, George. The Fighting Cheyennes. Grinnell, George. Bent, George. The Cheyenne Indians: Their History and Lifeways. Hatch, Thom (2004). Black Kettle: The Chief Who Sought Peace But Found War. Hoig, Stan (1977). The Sand Creek Massacre. Hoig, Stan (1980). The Peace Chiefs of the Cheyenne Brown, Dee. Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee: An Indian History of the American West Bensing, Tom. Silas Soule: A Short Eventful Life of Moral Courage. Report of the US Congress Joint Committee On The Conduct of the War. 1865. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=moa;idno=ABY3709.0003.001;rgn=full%20text;view=toc;cc=moa

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys A Sierra Leonean rebel group modeled after American West Side Gangsters and ripped out of their minds on drugs, kidnaps a patrol of British soldiers, sparking a rescue mission. Sources: Fowler, William (2004). Operation Barras: The SAS Rescue Mission: Sierra Leone 2000 Fremont-Barnes, Gregory (2009). Who Dares Wins: The SAS and the Iranian Embassy Siege 1980 Utas, Mats; Jörgel, Magnus (2008). "The West Side Boys: military navigation in the Sierra Leone civil war". Journal of Modern African Studies. Reno, William (February 2003), Political Networks in a Failing State The Roots and Future of Violent Conflict in Sierra Leone

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys We visit the 13th century Northern Crusades and examine what happens when Alexander Nevsky and the Livonian Order go head-to-head for a battle on the ice. No, not like that—no pucks, no skates, and way more bog mud than could possibly be healthy. WORKS CITED EBSCO. “Alexander Nevsky | History | Research Starters | EBSCO Research.” Accessed February 9, 2026. https://www.ebsco.com. Fennell, John. "The Crisis of Medieval Russia 1200-1304." Longman History of Russia. Taylor and Francis, 2014. Gore, Terry. “Lake Peipus: Battle on the Ice.” Military Heritage 7, no. 1 (2005). https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/lake-peipus-battle-on-the-ice/. Hellie, Richard. “Alexander Nevskii's April 5, 1242 Battle on the Ice.” Russian History 33, no. 2/4 (2006): 283–87. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24664445. Smith, Jerry C., and William L. Urban, eds. The Livonian Rhymed Chronicle: Transl. with an Hist. Introd., Maps and App. Indiana University Publications. Uralic and Altaic Series 128. Indiana Univ, 1977.

For this week's bonus, Joe, Nate and Tom hole up, safe and sound, behind sturdy city walls to tell the story of the fall of Constantinople and discuss Byzantine great replacement theory, doing nominative determinism on your fortress, and easy 5 Minute Hacks to reassign your attackers somewhere on the lahmacun-doner meat spectrum. Get the whole episode on Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/posts/150311739

In this WWII Prequel, the Empire of Japan and the Soviet Union fight over the Mongolian border, a stretch of lifeless steppe with no cover, trees, or established supply lines. In what has been dubbed a "border conflict" tens of thousands of men, thousands of trucks, and hundreds of tanks are rushed to the frontline that only barely escapes spiraling into a much larger war...at least for a few years. Sources: Edward Drea. Nomohan: Japanese-Soviet Tactical Combat, 1939. Edward Drea. Tradition and Circumstances: The Imperial Japanese Army's Tactical Response to Khalkhin Gol. Glenn Barnett. Russo-Japanese Clash at the Battle of Nomohan. WWII History. May 2005. 4#3 Amnon Sella. Nomohan: Khalkin Gol: The Forgotten War. Journal of Contemporary History (1983) 18#4 Anthony Beevor. The Second World War. Alexi Shishov. Russia and Japan. The history of military conflicts

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Constantine has a vision (or not) and takes the Roman throne in an incredibly one-sided battle that may or may not end with a different Emperor being drowned in the river. SOURCES: Lactantius. On the Deaths of the Persecutors. David Potter. Constantine: The Emperor. Ross Cowan. Milvian Bridge AD 312: Constantine's battle for Empire and Faith. Ludwig Heinrich Dyck. The Battle of Milvian Bridge: Battle for the Western Empire. Military Heritage. Feb. 2003. Volume 4, No. 4. http://www.classichistory.net/archives/constantine-christianity https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf201.iii.xv.ix.html https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf201.iv.vi.i.xxviii.html

The second part oin our series about the rise and fall of the first Republic of Armenia in 1918-1920. Get the whole episode on Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/posts/149346184

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Support the show on Patreon and get the conclusion to our series right now! https://www.patreon.com/posts/early-episode-4-148529099 The Ugandan military stumbles over a series of problems of their own creation while the Tanzanians are defeated by a single independent contractor and a ferry boat. Part 3/4

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON AND GET PART 3 RIGHT NOW https://www.patreon.com/posts/early-episode-3-147978927 Uganda goes to war after a bar fight sparks an invasion led by a man so crazy his men nicknamed him after the local insane asylum. PART 2/4

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON! https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Idi Amin comes to power in Uganda, a military strongman, he lets his military run wild across the nation in a nearly decade long reign of terror. Amin, however, is a drunken, paranoid, monster. He purges his military, worried that someone would depose him. He imagines invasions of the British, Americans, Tanzanians, and the Israelis massing on his border. Finally, he invades Tanzania, sparking the Kagera War. This is the story of the fall of Idi Amin. Part 1/4 SOURCES: Tony Avrigan, Martha Honey. War in Uganda: The Legacy of Idi Amin. Ogenga Otunnu. Crisis of Legitimacy and Political Violence in Uganda, 1890-1979. Ogenga Otunnu. Politics and the Military in Uganda, 1890-1985. Yehudit Ronen. Libya's Intervention in Amin's Uganda: A Broken Spearhead. Tom Cooper. War and Insurgencies of Uganda. 1971-1994 George Roberts. The Uganda-Tanzania War, The Fall of Idi Amin, and the Failure of African Diplomacy. Alicia Decker. In Idi Amin's Shadow: Women, Gender, and Militarism in Uganda Mark Leopold. Idi Amin: The Story of Africa's Icon of Evil

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON! https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys The conclusion to our series on Lord Byron. Special thanks to Joel Butler for additional research in this episode. New sources in this episode: C.W. Crawley, The Question of Greek Independence: A Study of British Policy in the Near East, 1821-1833 (Cambridge, 1930), Caroline Finkel, Osman’s Dream (London, 2006), 425-428. W.H. Humphreys, W.H. Humphreys’ First “Journal of the Greek War of Independence” (July 1821-February 1822), Acta Academiæ Regiæ Scientiarum Upsaliensis, 11, ed. Sture Linnér (Stockholm, 1967), 23-24. H. Şükrü Ilıcak (ed.), “Those Infidel Greeks”: The Greek War of Independence Through Ottoman Archival Documents, 1 (Leiden, 2021), 1.

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys In this week's episode, we begin part one of a 2-part series describing the life and times of George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron, the famous Romantic poet of the early 19th century who went to Greece in hopes of fighting for independence against the Ottomans, and immediately died. But, who was this man? And is describing something as "Byronic" a good thing? Spoiler: uh-oh. BIBLIOGRAPHY Bostridge, Mark. “On the Trail of the Real Lord Byron.” The Independent, November 4, 2002. https://www.the-independent.com/arts-entertainment/books/features/on-the-trail-of-the-real-lord-byron-126324.html. Brand, Emily. The Fall of the House of Byron: Scandal and Seduction in Georgian England. Paperback edition. John Murray, 2021. Brewer, David. The Greek War of Independence: The Struggle for Freedom from Ottoman Oppression and the Birth of the Modern Greek Nation. Woodstock, N.Y. : Overlook Press, 2001. http://archive.org/details/greekwarofindepe0000brew. Burton, Danielle. “Lord Byron and His Pet Bear.” Derbyshire Record Office, October 22, 2024. https://recordoffice.wordpress.com/2024/10/22/lord-byron-and-his-pet-bear/. Byron, George Gordon, Ernest Hartley Coleridge, and Rowland Edmund Prothero Ernle. The Words of Lord Byron. London : J. Murray; New York, C. Scribner’s sons, 1898. http://archive.org/details/worksoflordbyron11byro. Byron, William Byron. The trial of William Lord Byron, Baron Byron of Rochdale, for the murder of William Chaworth, Esq; before the Right Honourable the House of Peers, ... On Tuesday the 16th, and Wednesday the 17th of April, 1765: on the last of which days the said William Lord Byron was acquitted of murder, but found guilty of manslaughter. ... 1765. 1765. http://archive.org/details/bim_eighteenth-century_the-trial-of-william-lor_byron-william-byron-ba_1765. “Edward Blaquiere, British Officer, Founding Member of the Philhellenic Committee of London.” Εταιρεία Για Τον Ελληνισμό Και Τον Φιλελληνισμό, October 27, 2020. https://www.eefshp.org/en/edward-blaquiere-british-officer-founding-member-of-the-philhellenic-committee-of-london/. Jones, Thomas. “On Top of Everything.” Review of Byron: Child of Passion, Fool of Fame, by Benita Eisler. London Review of Books, September 16, 1999. https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v21/n18/thomas-jones/on-top-of-everything. Kunst Museum Winterthur. “Bildtext: Der Wanderer über dem Nebelmeer.” Accessed December 9, 2025. https://www.kmw.ch/ausstellungen/friedrich/digital/wanderer/. Marchand, Leslie A. Byron: A Portrait. The University of Chicago Press, 1979. MacCarthy, Fiona. Byron: Life and Legend. London: John Murray, 2014. Patanè, Vincenzo, James Schwarten, and John Francis Phillimore. The Sour Fruit: Lord Byron, Love & Sex. John Cabot university press Copublished by the Rowman & Littlefield, 2019. Rizzoli, G. B. “Byron’s Unacknowledged Armenian Grammar and a New Poem.” Keats-Shelley Journal 64 (2015): 43–71.

The Italian military suffers its first combat casualties since WWII while engaged in a stupid, quixotic, and self-sabotaging "peacekeeping mission" in Somalia c. 1993. And the battle took place in an abandoned Barilla pasta factory. Yes. Get the whole episode on Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/posts/146061189 30% off all merch on our site until January 1! Check it out here: https://www.llbdpodcast.com/ BIBLIOGRAPHY: Biddle, Stephen "The Somali National Alliance in Somalia, 1992–94". Nonstate Warfare: The Military Methods of Guerillas, Warlords, and Militia Tripodi, Paolo (2 August 1999). The Colonial Legacy in Somalia: Rome and Mogadishu: from Colonial Administration to Operation Restore Hope. https://www.repubblica.it/esteri/2013/07/05/news/somalia_anniversario_battaglia_check-point_pasta-62413996/ https://brigatafolgore.net/en/2-july-1993-the-battle-of-the-check-point-pasta/ https://www.ilfaroonline.it/2018/07/02/2-luglio-1993-attacco-mogadiscio-ceckpoint-pasta/228435/ https://www.military.com/history/battle-of-checkpoint-pasta-italys-black-hawk-down-moment-somalia.html

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON USE CODE DEC25 TO GET 50% OFF UNTIL THE END OF THE MONTH www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys In 1602, Savoy launched an invasion of Geneva, forcing the city-state's residents to rush to the walls and arm themselves with whatever they could get their hands on, including, in one infamous case, a pot of boiling soup. sources: Abplanalp, Andrej. “L’Escalade.” Blog: Schweizerisches National Museum. 11 Dec 2020. Online: https://blog.nationalmuseum.ch/fr/2020/12/l-escalade-de-geneve/, consulté le 01.12.2025. Aeschlimann, Jacques. “Tabazan, ou Le bourreau de Genève.” Geneva: La Sirène, 1961. pp. 97 Bonivard, François. Chroniques de Genève: Tome 2. Revilliod, Gustave, ed. Geneva, J.G. Fick: 1887. Online: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65402785/f154.item, consulté le 01.12.2025. Dufour, Alfred. “Histoire de Genève.” Collection “Que sais-je ?” Paris, Presse Universitaires de France: 2001. Fazy, Henri. “Genève, le parti huguenot, et le traité de Soleure (1574 à 1579).” Geneva, H. Georg: 1883. Monnet, Vincent. “Ce fut en mille six cent et deux…” Campus, v.61. December 2002-January 2003. Geneva, Université de Genève, 2002. Online: https://www.unige.ch/presse/campus/pdf/c61/rtheologie.pdf, consulté le 01.12.2025. Santschi, Catherine. “L’Escalade: Expositions des archives de l’état.” 2002. Online: https://archives-etat-ge.ch/page_de_base/lescalade, consulté le 02.12.2025. - "Blondel, Philibert", in: Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (DHS), version du 13.11.2002. Online: https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/025640/2002-11-13/, consulté le 02.12.2025. Schaetti, Nicolas. “La nuit de l’Escalade.” Bibliothèque de Genève: Expositions. 2023. Online: https://expos.bge-geneve.ch/escalade/, consulté le 30.11.2025. Schaff, Phillip. “History of the Christian Church. Volume 8: The Reformation in Switzerland. Chapter 8. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1890. Logos Research Systems, Inc digitized version. Online: https://ccel.org/ccel/schaff/hcc8/hcc8.i.html, accessed 1 Dec 2025. “Quelle est la signification du texte en latin et allemand sur la gravure tirée du ‘Thésaurus philopoliticus’ de Daniel Meissner et visible au musée de la Réforme ?” Questions-Réponses. Bibliothèque de Genève. 2023. https://www.geneve.ch/themes/culture/bibliotheques/interroge/reponses/est-la-signification-du-texte-en-latin-et-allemand-sur-la-gravure-tiree-du-thesaurus-philopoliticus-de-daniel-meissner-et-visible-au-musee-de-la-reforme “Est-il vrai qu'une mère maquerelle appelée ‘Regina bordelli’ était en fonction à Genève jusqu'à la Réforme ?” Questions-Réponses. Bibliothèque de Genève. 2023. Online: https://www.geneve.ch/themes/culture/bibliotheques/interroge/reponses/est-il-vrai-quune-mere-maquerelle-appelee-regina-bordelli-etait-en-fonction-geneve-jusqua-la-reforme HLS DHS DSS: "Escalade", in: Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse (DHS), version du 26.11.2009. Online: https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/008905/2009-11-26/, consulté le 01.12.2025.

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USE CODE DEC25 TO GET 50% OFF PATREON SUBSCRIPTIONS UNTIL THE END OF THE MONTH https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Joe and Tom are joined by Dr. Patrick Wyman, host of Past Lives and Tides of History to talk about the time the US Navy attempted to deploy flying aircraft carriers, which failed at a rate of 100% Sources: https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/how-airship-became-flying-aircraft-carrier https://nationalsecurityjournal.org/the-u-s-navys-flying-aircraft-carrier-mistake-still-stings/ https://www.military.com/history/navys-short-lived-plan-dominate-skies-flying-aircraft-carriers.html https://www.warhistoryonline.com/instant-articles/the-cursed-uss-akron-class.html https://magazine.atavist.com/2025/american-hindenberg-zeppelin-disaster https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1934/july/loss-akron https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/the-uss-macon/

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USE CODE DEC25 FOR OUR HOLIDAY SALE. https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys A group of people, forced into one of the worst jobs in human history, decide to launch a suicidal revolt to destroy the tools of the Holocaust. Sources: Lawerence Langer. Versions of Survival: The Holocaust and the Human Spirit Primo Levi. The Drowned and the Saved. Nathan Cohen. Diaries of the Sonderkommando - Confronting Fate and Reality. Tzipora Hager Halivni. Preparation for Revolt in Auschwitz-Birkenau: Heroes and Martyrs. Filip Muller. Eyewitness Auschwitz: Three Years in the Gas Chambers. Henryk Tauber. Deposition made on May 24, 1945. Auschwitz: Technique and Operation of the gas chambers. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/sonderkommando-uprising-auschwitz-birkenau

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USE CODE DEC25 FOR 50% OFF ALL PATREON SUBSCRIPTIONS UNTIL THE END OF DECEMBER https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys In the early days of English ambassadorships to the Ottoman Empire, an increasingly petty collection of grievances among European envoys and Ottoman dignitaries set the conditions for a single errant snowball to incite an anti-English riot. Witness the story of the snowball that got a bunch of English guys' beaten with oblong objects. Research: Dr Joel Butler Reources: Public Records Office, The National Archives, Kew, London: SP 97/3; SP 97/4. ‘Bu bir nefret cinayetidir: Gazeteci Nuh Köklü, 'kartopu oynarken' öldürüldü.’ Radikal (2 February 2015). ‘Gazeteci Nuh Köklü kar topu oynarken öldürüldü’, BBC News Türkçe (18 February 2015). ‘Journalist Nuh Köklü murdered for playing snowball’, Agos (18 February 2015). ‘Life in prison for man who stabbed Turkish journalist over snowball fight’, Hürriyet Daily News (5 June 2015). Atran, S. ‘The Devoted Actor: Unconditional Commitment and Intractable Conflict across Cultures’, Current Anthropology, 57/S13 (2016), S192-S203. Brotton, J. The Sultan and the Queen: The Untold Story of Elizabeth and Islam (New York, 2017) Brown, H.F. Calendar of State Papers Relating To English Affairs in the Archives of Venice, Volume 9, 1592-1603 (London, 1897). Burian, O. The Report of Lello, Third English Ambassador to the Sublime Porte / Babıâli Nezdinde Üçüncü İngiliz Elçisi Lello’nun Muhtırası (Ankara, 1952). Butler, J.D. ‘Between Company and State: Anglo-Ottoman Diplomacy and Ottoman Political Culture, 1565-1607’, unpubd. DPhil thesis, University of Oxford (2022). _________. ‘Lello, Henry’, The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, 2023). Coulter, L.J.F. ‘The involvement of the English crown and its embassy in Constantinople with pretenders to the throne of the principality of Moldavia between the years 1583 and 1620, with particular reference to the pretender Stefan Bogdan between 1590 and 1612’, unpubd. PhD thesis, University of London (1993). Foster, W. (ed.) The Travels of John Sanderson in the Levant (1584-1602) (London, 1931). Horniker, A.L. ‘Anglo-French Rivalry in the Levant from 1583 to 1612’, The Journal of Modern History, 18/4 (1946), 289-305. Hutnyk, J. ‘Nuh Köklü. Statement from Yeldeğirmeni Dayanışması’ (20 February 2015) at: https://hutnyk.wordpress.com/2015/02/20/nuh-koklu-statement-from-yeldegirmeni-dayanismasi/ (accessed 8 March 2025). Kowalczyk, T.D. ‘Edward Barton and Anglo-Ottoman Relations, 1588-98’, unpubd. PhD thesis, University of Sussex (2020). MacLean, G. ‘Courting the Porte: Early Anglo-Ottoman Diplomacy’, University of Bucharest Review, 10/2 (2008), 80-88. MacLean, G. & Matar, N. Britain & the Islamic World, 1558-1713 (Oxford, 2011). Newson, M. ‘Football, fan violence, and identity fusion’, International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 54/4 (2019), 431-444. Newson, M., Buhrmester, M. & Whitehouse, H. ‘United in defeat: shared suffering and group bonding among football fans’, Managing Sport and Leisure, 28/2 (2023), 164-181. Purchas, S. Hakluytus Posthumus or Purchas His Pilgrimes, viii (Glasgow, 1905). Sheikh, H., Gómez, Á. & Altran, S. ‘Empirical Evidence for the Devoted Actor Model’, Current Anthropology, 57/S13 (2016), S204-S209. Unknown Artist. (c1604). The Somerset House Conference, 1604 (oil on canvas). London: National Portrait Gallery.

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Towards the end of the Crimean War the Russians invade the Ottoman Empire, coming up against the Fortress City of Kars. Command of the Ottoman forces fall to an old drunk, British man who may or may not be the bastard child of Prince Edward, all of the Turkish officers under him are actually Hungarian, and one American catholic. Sources: Winifred Baumgart. The Crimean War: 1853-1856 Raugh Harold. The Victorians at War: 1815-1914 Humphrey Sandwith. The Siege of Kars 1856 William Edward David Allen, Paul Muratoff. Caucasian Battlefields: The History of the Wars of the Turco-Caucasian Border 1828-1921

It's the late 16th century and the Ottoman Empire is continuing to advance across the eastern Mediterranean. In Istanbul, the Ottomans have begun ratifying ambassadorships and trade deals with the English crown. And in the middle of this comes a crew of the most sunburned Barbary Pirates you've ever met, hell-bent on plundering any ship they can find before they high-tail it back to...England? Get the whole episode on Patreon here: https://www.patreon.com/posts/143253364 We have new merch available in our store! www.llbdpodcast.com

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Early during the US War in Vietnam, incompetent American advisors to the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), who is also incompetent, get incredibly mad as they attempt to get them to fight the Viet Cong, despite the fact the Americans never bothered to tell the ARVN about the battle plan, and every ARVN commander on the ground has to ask for permission to do any command position in a game of telephone that goes all of the way up to the President of South Vietnam. Sources: David Elliot. The Vietnamese War: Revolution and Change in the Mekong Delta 1930-1975 David Halberstam. The Making of a Quagmire: American and Vietnam During the Kennedy Era. Neil Sheehan. A Bright Shining Lie: John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam. https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/educational-services/staff-rides/VSR/Ap-Bac-Vietnam/Material/Ap-Bac%20Preliminary%20Study%20Guide%20V1.0.pdf https://www.historynet.com/the-battle-at-ap-bac-changed-americas-view-of-the-vietnam-war/

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys In the opening stages of WWI, an Army of 40 year old reservists from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, armed with decades-old weapons and no food, and largely unable to even speak to one another, attempt to hold off the Russian Imperial Army in what became known as "Austria-Hungary's Stalingrad" Sources: Graydon Tunstall. Written in Blood: The Battles For Fortress Przemysl in WWI. Dr. Alexander Watson. The Fortress: The Siege of Przemsysl and the Making of Europe's Bloodlands. Christopher Miskimon. The Siege of Przemysl. Military Heritage. Jan 2016. Volume 17, No 4.

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SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys The first in our four-part series about the Texas Revolution, a story in which some of the drunkest and worst-smelling guys of the 19th century decided to break away from Mexico for... reasons. Sources: Edward Baptist. The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism Randolph Campbell. An Empire for Slavery: The Peculiar Institution in Texas, 1821–1865 Stephen Hardin. Texian Illad. Andrew Torget. Seeds of Empire: Cotton, Slavery, and the Transformation of the Texas Borderlands, 1800–1850

GET LIVESTREAM TICKETS FOR OUR SHOW ON OCT 4TH https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-glasgow-4th-october-2025-tickets-1532091008449?aff=ebdssbdestsearchgl=1s0822wupMQ..gaNDgyMTk4OTc3LjE3NTc4NjgzNzM.ga_TQVES5V6SHczE3NTc4NjgzNzMkbzEkZzAkdDE3NTc4NjgzNzMkajYwJGwwJGgw Joe and Tom continue their exploration of Neon Genesis Evangelion. Get the whole episode on Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/posts/140304696

GET LIVESTREAM TICKETS FOR OUR SHOW ON OCT 4TH https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-glasgow-4th-october-2025-tickets-1532091008449?aff=ebdssbdestsearchgl=1s0822wupMQ..gaNDgyMTk4OTc3LjE3NTc4NjgzNzM.ga_TQVES5V6SHczE3NTc4NjgzNzMkbzEkZzAkdDE3NTc4NjgzNzMkajYwJGwwJGgw Once upon a time, the British Empire sent a very badly planned rescue mission halfway around the world to save a man who didn't need to be saved. It ended in hilarious failure. Sources: https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/nile-expedition Michael Asher. Khartoum: The Ultimate Imperial Adventure Charles Trench. The Road to Khartoum: A Life of General Charles Gordon Mike Snook. Beyond the Reach of Empire: Wolseley's Failed Campaign to save Gordon and Khartoum Simon Craig. Breaking the Square: Britain Takes on Mahdi at the Battle of Abu Klea. Military Heritage Magazine. Vol. 3 No. 3.

GET LIVESTREAM TICKETS FOR OUR SHOW ON OCT 4TH https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-glasgow-4th-october-2025-tickets-1532091008449?aff=ebdssbdestsearchgl=1s0822wupMQ..gaNDgyMTk4OTc3LjE3NTc4NjgzNzM.ga_TQVES5V6SHczE3NTc4NjgzNzMkbzEkZzAkdDE3NTc4NjgzNzMkajYwJGwwJGgw It's a special version of History of Armenia in which Georgian journalist Omar Tsotsoria joins the show to discuss the history of another Caucasian country, and the specific history of an early-Soviet-era anarchist breakaway state in the Georgian SSR. Get the whole episode on Patreon here: https://www.patreon.com/posts/139624712

GET LIVESTREAM TICKETS FOR OCT 4TH: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-glasgow-4th-october-2025-tickets-1532091008449?aff=ebdssbdestsearchgl=1s0822wup*MQ..gaNDgyMTk4OTc3LjE3NTc4NjgzNzM.ga_TQVES5V6SH*czE3NTc4NjgzNzMkbzEkZzAkdDE3NTc4NjgzNzMkajYwJGwwJGgw During WWII, the US launched a mission to kill Isoroku Yamamoto, the architect of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, which only went so well due to Yamamoto really not caring about his own safety and ignoring constant warnings from his subordinates. Sources: Doug Hampton. Operation Vengeance: The Astonishing Aerial Ambush That Changed World War II Burke Davis. Get Yamamoto. Hiroyuki Agawa. The Reluctant Admiral: Yamamoto and the Imperial Navy. https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/killing-yamamoto-operation-vengeance-from-roger-ames-cockpit/ https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/death-of-admiral-isoroku-yamamoto/

This is a preview. For the entire episode support the show on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/posts/139091417?pr=true&cr=true

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys GET LIVESTREAM TICKETS FOR OCT 4TH https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-glasgow-4th-october-2025-tickets-1532091008449 Julius Caesar and the Gauls create a world's most murderous version of lasanga as regular siege becomes a double siege, turns into the final nail in the coffin of a rebellion against Rome. Sources: John Saddler, Rosie Serdiville. Caesar's Greatest Victory https://www.historynet.com/caesar-gaul-alesia/ https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/caesars-grand-siege-at-alesia/ https://www.historyonthenet.com/engines-of-destruction-roman-advancement-of-siege-warfare

This is a preview. For the entire episode support the show on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/posts/138604732

SUPPORT THE SHOW ON PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys LIVESTREAM TICKETS FOR OCT 4TH https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-glasgow-4th-october-2025-tickets-1532091008449 CHECK OUT THE MERCH STORE: www.llbdpodcast.com/ Check out TWOAPW: https://www.worstpossible.world The largest battle of the U.S. War of Independence took place in... Gibraltar? On the southern tip of Spain? The rock that the Brits care about a lot? And there weren't any Americans involved? Josh Boerman, friend of the show and host of The Worst of All Possible Worlds podcast and Ill Conceived podcast, joins us for this strange transatlantic chapter of American history. Sources: Roy Adkins. Leslie Adkins. Gibralter: The Greatest Siege in British History https://www.historynet.com/rock-legend-gibraltar/ https://www.thecollector.com/great-siege-gibraltar-us-revolution/ https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/grand-assault-on-gibraltar/

In 1942 the US Pacific campaign wound up creating the circumstances for a tank engagement on a tiny atoll in the middle of the ocean. It was the origin of the expression 'the two-thousand yard stare,' a battle that probably didn't need to happen but still wound up happening, and it involved a lot of carnage amid exactly zero shade. So, of course we were going to talk about it. Get the whole episode on Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/posts/137945399 LIVESTREAM TICKETS FOR OCT 4TH https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-glasgow-4th-october-2025-tickets-1532091008449 CHECK OUT THE MERCH STORE: www.llbdpodcast.com/

LIVESTREAM TICKETS FOR OCT 4TH https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/livestream-lions-led-by-donkeys-podcast-live-in-glasgow-4th-october-2025-tickets-1532091008449 CHECK OUT THE MERCH STORE: www.llbdpodcast.com/ The Holy League is formed to fight off the Ottomans, resulting in a lot of guys catching flintlocks to the face, a pirate double cross, and spies in blackface. Sources: https://web.archive.org/web/20211013195205/https://www.historytoday.com/archive/head-head/how-important-was-battle-lepanto Brummett, Palmira. “‘The Lepanto Paradigm Revisited: Knowing the Ottomans in the Sixteenth Century,’ 63-93, in A. Contadini, and C. Norton, Eds.,The Renaissance and the Ottoman World (Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate, 2013).” The Renaissance and the Ottoman World , 2013. https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/the-battle-of-lepanto-the-best-days-work-in-centuries/ https://www.historynet.com/twilight-of-the-galleys-off-lepanto/ https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/muslim-equipment-at-the-battle-of-lepanto/