Cold War Conversations

Burt recounts the surreal experience of learning about Fisher's true identity from a newspaper headline, the subsequent FBI interrogations, and the emotional courtroom testimony where he struggled to reconcile his friendship with the stark reality of espionage. Burt's journey leads him to Moscow in a failed attempt to reconnect with Fisher, revealing a labyrinthine world of secrets and paranoia. He shares a heartfelt letter he left for Fisher, expressing regret and longing for a simpler time when art, not intrigue, was their common ground. As a testament to the personal connection they shared, Burt unveils a handcrafted wooden box—a wedding gift made by Fisher himself—symbolizing the genuine human connection that endured despite the shadowy world they navigated. This episode is a poignant exploration of identity, memory, and the complex human relationships that defy the black-and-white narrative of the Cold War. Episode extras here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode342 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and viaa simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link. Connect with us on social media for more Cold War content: Twitter: https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ YouTube: https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations For the perfect gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life, visit our store at https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ If you love history, check out Into History at https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In a riveting episode that peels back the layers of Cold War espionage, we sit down with Burt, an artist who unwittingly befriended a man better known as Colonel Abel, the infamous Bridge of Spies Spy who was exchanged for shot down US U2 pilot Gary Powers. Burt knew Abel as Emil Goldfuss but his real name was Willie Fisher from Newcastle Upon Tyne in England. Fisher was a Soviet agent deeply embedded in the fabric of New York City's bustling art scene. Burt's tale unfolds in a studio building exclusively for artists, where he first crossed paths with Fisher in an old-fashioned elevator—an encounter that would mark the beginning of an unexpected friendship. Burt reminisces about their shared moments, from the peculiar request for a cup of turpentine to late-night discussions surrounded by the haze of cigarette smoke. He reflects on the nuances of their bond, the fatherly figure he saw in Fisher, and the mutual need for companionship that transcended the spy's professional obligations. Episode extras here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode341/ Don’t miss part two of this amazing conversation next week… The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and viaa simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link. Connect with us on social media for more Cold War content: Twitter: https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ YouTube: https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations For the perfect gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life, visit our store at https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ If you love history, check out Into History at https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Valeriy was a Soviet Navy diver sapper and was born and raised in Kyiv, Ukraine. I have used a human translator for this episode so the main voice you will hear is my translator Galina Ryabova who was kindly funded by one of my financial supporters Valeriy opens up about his childhood, the impact of the Great Patriotic War on his family, and his mother's resilience in raising him after his father's untimely death. He shares insights into his schooling, where history and geography sparked his curiosity, and his early military training which set the stage for his specialised role in the Soviet Navy. Valeriy offers a rare glimpse into the life of a Soviet Navy diver sapper, trained in both underwater firearms and explosives, tasked with clearing mines to pave the way for naval infantry. He provides revealing insights into underwater warfare during the 1980s. His unit was stationed near Kaliningrad, where he describes his equipment and the day-to-day life that included guarding, surveillance, and rigorous half-yearly military exercises. Reflecting on the broader scope of the Cold War, Valeri discusses his perceptions of the US and NATO, the political climate under Gorbachev, and the aftermath of the USSR's dissolution. The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Join Intohistory https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Sirka offers a comprehensive exploration of life in East Germany, detailing the experiences of growing up in Neubrandenburg, the influence of the East German state and the Stasi, and the societal impacts of Mikhail Gorbachev's policies leading up to the fall of the Berlin Wall. She also talks of her intensive gymnastics training and being given pills by her trainer... Sirka also describes the transition to reunification, highlighting the challenges of adapting to a new economic system and the mixed feelings toward sudden exposure to Western consumer culture. Additionally, it includes a reflective conversation on post-reunification life in Germany, discussing Sirka's and her family's adjustment to the changes, including the effects on employment, homeownership, and personal political histories. Video and photo extras here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode339 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and viaa simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link. Connect with us on social media for more Cold War content: Twitter: https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ YouTube: https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations For the perfect gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life, visit our store at https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ If you love history, check out Into History at https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 00:00 Preview 00:22 Welcome to Cold War Conversations 00:36 Life in East Germany: An Insider's Perspective 01:50 Circa's Childhood and Family Life in Neubrandenburg 03:33 The Impact of World War II on Family Histories 05:42 Navigating Post-War East Germany 07:53 The East German Regime Through a Family's Eyes 10:31 Cultural and Educational Experiences in East Germany 23:23 The Challenges of Consumer Goods and Entertainment 25:39 School Life and Education in East Germany 34:17 Extracurricular Activities: Singing Club and Gymnastics 44:58 The Intensity of Gymnastics Training in East Germany 46:15 The Secret Gymnastics Pills 48:14 The Grueling Training Regime and Its Impact 49:46 The Power of Music and Discipline in a Regimented Society 50:38 The Harsh Realities of Military-Style Training 51:39 Life Under an Autocratic System: Acceptance and Adaptation 55:26 The Transition to College and the End of Gymnastics 55:56 Exploring Moscow: A Glimpse into the Space Race 01:03:37 Witnessing the Winds of Change: The Fall of the Berlin Wall 01:14:21 Navigating the New World: Post-Wall Challenges and Reflections 01:25:05 A Journey Back in Time: Revisiting Memories and the Stasi Files Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The Soviet-Afghan War lasted ten years between 1979-1989 and led to the deaths of between 500k and 2m Afghan civilians. I speak with Nick Geering a Russian history and language teacher. From his memories of the haunting sight of uniformed amputees in St Petersburg to the complex origins of the conflict, we explore the intricacies of a war that was both an accident and a tragedy. Our conversation traverses the murky politics that led to the Soviet invasion, the unpreparedness of the conscript-heavy Soviet army, and the brutal reality of life for soldiers caught in the mountainous terrain of Afghanistan. We also discuss the question of international support for the Mujahideen and the controversial impact of Western-supplied weaponry. The episode also shines a light on the deeply entrenched hierarchy within the Soviet military, harrowing drug abuse among troops, and the chilling treatment of prisoners of war on both sides. As we approach the subject of the Soviet withdrawal, we reflect on the war's enduring scars, the fate of the communist Afghan government, and how the conflict is remembered today in Russia. Video and photo extras here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode338 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and viaa simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link.   Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 00:00 Introduction to the Complexity of the Soviet-Afghan War 00:26 Diving Deep into the Soviet-Afghan War with Nick Gearing 01:38 Nick Gearing's Personal Journey and Initial Exposure to War Veterans 03:13 Exploring the Intricacies and Origins of the Soviet-Afghan War 16:17 The Soviet Military's Challenges and Adaptations in Afghanistan 28:52 Evaluating the Soviet Strategy and Its Impact on the War 32:51 Unveiling the Truth: The Soviet Union's Hidden War 33:44 Gorbachev's Legacy and the Path to Peace 34:27 Glasnost and the Afghan War: A Shift in Soviet Media 37:19 The Impact of Western Weapons on the Afghan Battlefield 39:31 The Unseen Side of War: Defections and Captivity 44:24 The Brutal Reality of Conscript Life in the Soviet Army 48:46 Drug Abuse Among Soviet Soldiers in Afghanistan 50:47 The Endgame: Soviet Withdrawal and the Geneva Accords 53:22 Najibullah's Struggle and the Fate of the Communist Government 54:46 Revisiting the Afghan War: Memory and Media in Russia 57:51 Exploring the Soviet-Afghan War Through Books, Films, and Music 01:03:17 Closing Thoughts and Acknowledgments Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Turning Point: The Bomb and the Cold War, is a nine-part documentary series from director Brian Knappenberger, that provides a comprehensive appraisal of the events that led to the Cold War and traces the conflict around the world and through the decades. While the Cold War ended in 1991, even a casual appraisal of current headlines reveals that relations between the United States and Russia — the one-time centre of the Soviet Union — remain tense, to say the least. The global repercussions of the Cold War continue to ripple through the current geopolitical landscape to this day, but it can be difficult to understand just how a mid-20th century struggle for ideological dominance continues to ensnare countless nations in ongoing unrest. To tell this story, the series draws on more than 100 interviews with subjects ranging from past and present world leaders (Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, Estonian Prime Minister Kaja Kallas) to historians as well as everyday people whose lives were drastically altered by the events of the Cold War. As the history unfolds, each episode considers the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine as an example of how the history being examined is directly tied to the events of today. “Nearly every part of the war in Ukraine is an echo of the Cold War,” Knappenberger explains. Watch the series here https://www.netflix.com/title/81614129 Watch the trailer here https://youtu.be/qHuuLo-CSRo?si=ZaNGZyeP0nZe5Nwp The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link.   Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 00:00 The Chilling Call: A Cold War Nightmare 00:21 Welcome to Cold War Conversations 00:39 Inside 'Turning Point: The Bomb and the Cold War' Documentary 01:02 The Cold War's Legacy and Today's Nuclear Threats 03:15 The Making of a Cold War Documentary 05:09 Why the Cold War Story Matters Now 06:17 The New Cold War: A Hot and Unstable Conflict 10:24 The Munich Security Conference: A Turning Point 13:32 Crafting the Documentary: Challenges and Insights 15:06 Personal Connections and the Impact of Nuclear Weapons 19:32 The Importance of First-Person Cold War Accounts 19:59 Daniel Ellsberg: A Courageous Insider's Perspective 23:19 Uncovered Stories: The Challenges of Time Constraints 23:46 Exploring Untold Cold War Stories 24:37 The Intriguing Case of the AIDS Misinformation Campaign 28:14 The Ripple Effects of Cold War Decisions 28:45 Project Sapphire: Securing Nuclear Materials Post-Soviet Union 30:47 The Budapest Memorandum and Ukraine's Nuclear Dilemma 34:43 Post-Cold War Transitions and the Rise of Putin 41:18 Reflecting on the Series: Favorite Moments and Missed Opportunities 44:48 Dream Interviews: Cold War Figures Who Left a Mark 49:03 Closing Thoughts and Acknowledgments Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Alex Grant’s new book Sex, Spies and Scandal The John Vassall Affair has everything: a honey trap, industrial-scale espionage, journalists jailed for not revealing their sources and the first modern tabloid witch-hunt, which resulted in a ministerial resignation and almost brought down Harold Macmillan’s government. With access to newly released MI5 files and interviews with people who knew Vassall from the 1950s until he died in 1996, this book sheds new light on a neglected spy scandal. Despite having been drugged and sexually assaulted by the KGB in Moscow, as a gay man John Vassall was shown no mercy by the British press or the courts. Sentenced to eighteen years in jail, he served ten years, despite telling MI5 everything. Once released, he found that many of his old friends and lovers had been persecuted or dismissed from the civil service in Britain, America and Australia. Unlike the Cambridge Five, who courted attention, after leaving prison Vassall changed his name to avoid the media and lived quietly in London. Buy the book and support the podcast here https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781785907883 Episode extras here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode336/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/I f a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link.   Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 00:00 Introduction to Cold War Conversations and the John Vassal Affair 00:36 Unveiling the John Vassal Spy Scandal 05:49 The Life and Times of John Vassal 16:15 Vassal's Recruitment by Soviet Intelligence 37:08 Vassal's Espionage Activities in London 41:28 The Cold War Thaw and Social Dynamics in Moscow 42:24 Vassal's Entrapment and the Lax Security 43:56 The Discovery of a Spy Within the Admiralty 46:55 The Fallout of Vassal's Capture and Its Impact 48:33 The Dramatic Arrest of John Vassal 49:35 Vassal's Immediate Confession and Relief 53:05 The Aftermath: Legal Proceedings and Public Reaction 01:05:41 Vassal's Life Post-Imprisonment and Legacy 01:09:48 Revisiting the Impact of Vassal's Espionage 01:11:57 Uncovering New Insights from the National Archives 01:16:55 Reflecting on Vassal's Life and the Broader Historical Context Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

V-Bombers: Britain's Nuclear Frontline in the Cold War is a new book by Dr Tony Redding that takes a deep dive into Britain's V-bomber force's operational nuclear war role. Tony reveals the intense preparations and the stark realities faced by the aircrews, who lived in a perpetual state of wartime readiness despite being in a country at peace. The narrative intertwines technical analysis and personal accounts, offering a comprehensive view of the crews' complex systems and psychological burdens. His meticulous research and vivid anecdotes from the veterans themselves paint a fascinating picture of the V force's potential impact in a nuclear war scenario. It's a must-listen for anyone fascinated by the delicate Cold War balance of deterrence and the harrowing responsibilities entrusted to the men of the V bomber force. Buy Tony’s book on this link and support the podcast at the same time! https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781911667872 Enter the book giveaway draw here https://coldwarconversations.com/giveaway/ Episode extras here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode335/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link.   Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 00:00 Introduction 00:35 Dr. Tony Redding's Deep Dive into V Bombers 05:59 The V Force: Britain's Nuclear Deterrent in the Cold War 11:22 The Evolution of Nuclear Deterrence: From Bombers to Submarines 24:10 The V Force's Combat Readiness and Training Rigors 34:26 Surviving a Nuclear Strike: The V Force's Strategic Planning 38:57 Airborne vs. Ground Alert: The Strategic Dilemma 40:12 The Impracticality of V Bombers in Nuclear Strikes 40:56 The Struggle for Airborne Endurance and Refueling 41:25 Exploring Overseas Basing and Tanker Fleet Limitations 42:46 Soviet Fears 44:19 Security Measures and Vulnerabilities at RAF Bases 47:46 Humorous and Harrowing Tales from the Aircrew 52:13 The Mental and Emotional Toll on Aircrews 57:31 Vetting and Security Concerns within the V Force 01:00:48 Navigating Soviet Defenses: A Hypothetical Mission 01:05:13 The Unique Challenges and Strategies of V Bombers 01:10:11 Secret Agreements and the Route Over Sweden 01:11:45 The Grim Realities of a Nuclear Mission 01:18:52 Decoy Tactics and Morale Issues 01:21:29 Conclusion and Further Resources Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Timo takes us on a journey through the tumultuous events of the 1991 Soviet coup attempt, as experienced from the streets of the Baltic States. As the coup unfolds, Timo finds himself in Lithuania, planning to covertly visit the closed city of Kaliningrad. He shares the tension sharing a dining table with a Soviet officer, unknowingly on the eve of the coup. As the coup escalates, Timo's narrative becomes a vivid street-level account of the Estonian people's defiance. He describes the formation of human walls against Soviet tanks, the strategic significance of the TV tower, and the Estonians' ingenious methods of maintaining communication despite Russian interference. Timo's reflections on the morality of his curiosity, the fear of violence, and the spirit of resistance that pervaded Estonia during those critical hours are a testament to the resilience of a nation on the brink of reclaiming its freedom. Timo’s book “Tanks & Roaches” is only currently available in Finnish, Estonian and Slovak and can be purchased on the links here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode334/ Timo can be contacted at timlaine@gmail.com  The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and viaa simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link.   Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 00:00 Introduction 01:38 Timo’s summer in Estonia during the Cold War 09:52 The 1991 Soviet Coup and its impact on Estonia 20:34 Tom joins a demonstration 29:47 The confrontation between Estonian and Russian troops near the occupied TV tower 40:36 Estonians switched off the TV signal to calm down the Russians 41:57 The bravery of the four Estonian men who were locked inside the tv tower during the Soviet invasion Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Timo takes us to the remote Finnish border town of Kuusamo. He paints a vivid picture of a childhood overshadowed by his grandparent’s memories of their home lost during World War II and their proximity to the Soviet Union. As a child, he was fascinated by the invisible line that marked the end of the world— the heavily guarded border with the USSR. Timo recounts a tense encounter with border guards while visiting his grandparents, and his meeting with a Soviet escaper. He travels to Moscow and Eastern Europe as a young man which further fuels his curiosity about life on the other side of the Iron Curtain. Timo recalls the austere streets of Prague to the bureaucratic maze in Budapest and a harrowing night at the Romanian border. Timo’s book “Tanks & Roaches” is only currently available in Finnish, Estonian and Slovak but can be purchased via our episode extras page here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode333/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 00:00 Intro 01:26 Timo's early life 04:41 Timo's grandparents' experiences of World War II 08:59 Incidents of people coming over the border 08:56 Estonian man's escape 28:32 Timo's trip to Moscow with his father in 1977 32:03 Finns remaining in areas handed over to the Soviet Union 39:34 Visits to Prague, Hungary and Romania 41:34 First Impressions of Prague 43:18 The challenges of Hungarian visitor registration 45:49 Trouble getting into Romania from Hungary 54:37 Polish smugglers on the train 59:04 Timo's fascination with Estonia. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Leigh joined the RAAF in 1978 to train as a pilot but was scrubbed after a few months and transitioned to training as an Air Electronics Officer (AEO) at the RAAF School of Air Navigation. He flew on the P-3C Orion and was employed in operations across the Indo-Pacific region on maritime patrol surveillance operations in the region - which included both usual surface surveillance of the region and operations alongside the US against Soviet submarines transiting the area. He also had the opportunity to track Soviet SSBNs in the NE Pacific operating with the US Navy. He details many incidents during his career including an “archaeological” mission, accidentally causing a diplomatic incident, as well as monitoring the splash-down and recovery of re-entry vehicles used to test the heat tiles for the Soviet Buran space shuttle. I’m delighted to welcome Leigh Collins to our Cold War Conversation. Episode extras including book recommendations, videos and photos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode332/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 00:00 Intro 01:49 Early interest in aviation and the military 02:47 Aspirations in the RAAF 04:08 Failure as a pilot 06:43 Length of Orion missions 09:05 Soviet naval activity around Australia in the 1980s 16:52 RAF 617 Squadron held their annual reunion in Australia 20:42 Use of GPS on the Orion 24:23 Use of astral navigation using a Sextant 27:59 Viewing the cockpit of the Vulcan 31:10 Monitoring a Russian diesel submarine 33:13 Soviet trawlers during exercises 34:23 Exercise Silent Pearl 43:49 Soviet Buran Space shuttle test bed recoveries 52:52 Incident just out of Darwin where the crew ditched 56:50 Operation Gateway, Australia's long-standing anti-piracy operation 01:03:39 Threat of China during the cold war 01:07:53 September 1993 deployment as a submarine observer 01:12:23 Leigh worked with Sue Boyd from episode 151 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In this deeply personal episode, our guest, Norbert, vividly recounts his traumatic childhood journey from Cold War Poland to the United States. With vivid recollections, he describes the struggles of his parents amid food shortages and the poignant decision of the family to leave everything behind for an uncertain future in the United States. We also explore the cultural shock and the struggle to find identity in a new world, as Norbert navigates life as a Polish immigrant in 1980s America. From his first bewildering day at an American school to his father's relentless work ethic in pursuit of the American dream, we witness the sacrifices and choices that shape an immigrant's life. Norbert's narrative unfolds against the backdrop of the Cold War, where his family's German heritage in Poland subjected them to suspicion and prejudice. Our episode starts with his Grandfather’s story in World War 2. Photos and video extras here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode331/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dan served in the War Plans office of the US Army VII Corps working on counterattack plans and reorganization of the US Army’s General Defence Plan. He describes the debriefing of a Polish Special Forces operator who had defected to the West and who revealed surprising knowledge of US plans and order of battle. Dan also details his experiences on the Able Archer 83 exercise and his views about how dangerous that was. In addition to his work in the War Plans office, we discuss terror attacks on the US Army in West Germany including the bombing of the LaBelle disco in West Berlin where 2 US soldiers and one Turkish woman were killed and 79 wounded. The terrorist threat to US Forces was significant and this is highlighted by the attempted assassination of General Kroesen commander of United States Army Europe by the Red Army Faction aka The Baader-Meinhof Group. Dan describes his own experiences in the immediate aftermath of the attack., including the issuing of live ammunition to US Forces in the field. Extra info here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode330/  0:00 Introduction 1:32 Dan's Insights in the War Plans Office 10:29 The defector's shocking intel on US plans 18:13 Reflections on Able Archer 83 24:33 Terrorism and the attack on the La Belle disco 33:21 Red Army Faction attempted assassination of General Kroesen 42:20 The impact of these events on US forces 58:41 Dan's views on the sudden changes in Eastern Europe 1:13:38 Podcast extras, appreciation for financial supporters, and closing remarks Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In August 1989, a group of Hungarian activists did the unthinkable: they entered the forbidden militarised zone of the Iron Curtain - and held a picnic. Word had spread of what was going to happen. On wisps of rumour, thousands of East German 'holiday-makers' had made their way to the border between Hungary and Austria, awaiting an opportunity, fearing prison, surveilled by lurking Stasi agents. The stage was set for the greatest border breach in Cold War history: that day hundreds would cross from the Communist East to the longed-for freedom of the West. The fall of the Berlin Wall, the end of the Soviet Union - the so-called end of history - all would flow from those dramatic hours. Drawing on dozens of original interviews with those involved - activists and border guards, escapees and secret police, as well as the last Communist prime minister of Hungary Matthew Longo's book  "The Picnic - An Escape to Freedom and the Collapse of the Iron Curtain" reconstructs this world-shaping event and its tumultuous aftermath. Freedom had been won but parents had been abandoned and families divided. Love affairs faltered and new lives had to be built from scratch. The Picnic is the story of a moment when the tide of history turned. It shows how freedom can be both a dream and disillusionment and how all we take for granted can vanish instantly... Book giveaway info here https://coldwarconversations.com/giveaway/ Buy the book and support the podcast here https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781847927798 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, we welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction to the episode by Ian Sanders 4:47 Discussion on the political situation in Hungary in the late 80s 13:11 Gorbachev's view on Hungary's reforms and changes 23:26 Reaction of Hungarian hardliners to Imre Nagy's reburial 29:41 The tense atmosphere at the Warsaw pact meeting in Bucharest 37:49 The origin of the idea for a European picnic at the border 48:02 The impact on the Berlin Wall 57:23 The fatal shooting of Werner Schultz 1:00:38 The rapid changes that followed the opening of the border 1:07:42 Victor Orban's reimagining of history 1:11:53 Conclusion and promotion of Matthew Longo's book, The Picnic 1:12:33 Acknowledgements and closing remarks Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dan served as a lieutenant and captain in a US Army air defence artillery battalion in West Germany from 1980 until 1985. He describes details of Soviet overflights deep into West Germany and we discuss how the Warsaw Pact attempted to track their units. Now who knew that the US Army experimented with geese for perimeter security?! Dan reveals details of this little-known specialist unit. Dan worked with the improved Hawk anti-aircraft missile system. We talk about its capabilities, the challenges of working with 1980s electronics, its deployment and exercises. He describes a live firing exercise where an errant missile almost wiped out a group of VIPS. Don’t miss part 2 in a couple of weeks where Dan describes his experiences in the war plans office of the general staff. Do make sure you check out the episode extras at https://coldwarconversations.com/episode328/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction and background of Dan 1:32 The Improved Hawk missile system and its capabilities 10:29 Deployment to field locations and the challenges faced 18:13 Encounters with Soviet aircraft and military liaison missions 24:33 The innovative use of intruder geese for security 33:21 Live firing exercises and the dangers involved 42:20 The deactivation of an air defence unit and its implications 58:41 Reflections on service 1:13:38 Podcast extras, appreciation for financial supporters, and closing remarks Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The Jodrell Bank observatory in Cheshire in the UK played a significant secret role during the Cold War. It was established in 1945 by Bernard Lovell, a radio astronomer at the university, to investigate cosmic rays after his work on radar in the Second World War. We hear some intriguing details of the site’s Cold War roles including being Britain’s first nuclear attack early warning station and its signals intelligence collaboration with GCHQ, the UK’s Government Communications Headquarters. Even more surprisingly it’s also revealed how Soviet Scientists also worked at the site and that the Soviets attempted to get Bernard Lovell to defect during a visit to the Soviet Union. I’m given a tour of the non-public areas by Tim O'Brien who is a Professor of Astrophysics. Do make sure you check out the extensive photos I took at https://coldwarconversations.com/episode327/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction to the podcast 1:00 Jodrell Bank Observatory's role in the Cold War and its establishment 10:08 The birth and evolution of radio astronomy 15:50 The construction and purpose of the world's biggest radio telescope 32:46 The telescope's role during the Cuban missile crisis and its implications 51:05 The mission of GCHQ at Jodrell Bank and intercepting signals from the Soviet Union 1:04:21 Touring the secret tunnel and discussing its potential uses 1:14:51 Recounting the Soviet Luna 15 mission during the American moon landing and the role of Jodrell Bank 1:29:18 Episode extras and thanking financial supporters Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In the mid-1980s Dag was a T72 tank commander in the NVA, the East German Army and is now a volunteer at the Tank Museum at Bovington in the UK.   He describes his initial tank commander training, the battle readiness of the NVA, and the challenges of a conscript army as well as a startling revelation about a significant change in doctrine in 1987. We also dig deep into the technical details of the T72, including the autoloader, deep water wading, radio communication and its advantages and disadvantages versus NATO tanks. Dag also talks about how Soviet WW2 learnings were applied into the NVA, and his regiment’s role and deployment area in the event of war. Dag shares a frank view and great insight into life in the NVA as a tank commander and the challenges of life beyond the NVA as the Wall opens and all he has known disappears.   Make sure you check out the videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode326/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction 10:29 Briefing on NATO armour and perception of NATO as the enemy 18:13 Planning for potential conflict and readiness in the NVA 24:33 Understanding the roles and challenges in a conscript army 33:21 Performance and operational details of the T72 tank 42:20 Training, battlefield strategies and preparations 58:41 East German-Soviet relations and Warsaw Pact exercises 1:13:38 Reflections on service in the NVA and potential conflict with NATO 1:23:59 Reaction to the opening of the Berlin Wall and post-service encounters 1:27:34 Life post-unification: Expectations, reality and personal growth 1:31:28 Podcast extras, appreciation for financial supporters and closing remarks Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Kate is sent to Moscow in 1985 to write articles for The Morning Star, a left-wing British daily newspaper founded in 1930 as the Daily Worker by the Communist Party of Great Britain. She lives in a block of flats alongside Soviet citizens and enrols her 3 children in Soviet schools. Three weeks after Kate arrives Mikhail Gorbachev comes to power and she finds herself having to cover the disorientating number of rapid reforms and attacks on the Soviet system by its leadership for a newspaper, that had always supported the Soviet Union. Kate is fluent in Russian, speaks with Soviet citizens on the bus or at the shops, and visits every Soviet republic bar one of the then-largest countries on Earth. In 1986 she reported on the Chernobyl disaster and was one of the first journalists to arrive in the area. Buy the book here https://www.bannisterpublications.com/product-page/twilight-of-the-soviet-union The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction and background of Kate Clark 1:32 Journey to becoming a Moscow correspondent and life in Soviet Union 11:09 Placing Ket's children in Soviet schools and their adaptation 15:10 Bureaucratic challenges 18:08 Shopping habits and emergence of supermarkets in Soviet Union 21:00 Impact of Mikhail Gorbachev's leadership and his policies 33:34 Cultural accessibility, promotion and diversity in the Soviet Union 44:36 Covering the Chernobyl disaster and its aftermath 57:17 Relations with the British embassy and dealings with Soviet security services 1:04:47 Visit to Afghanistan and reflections on its political challenges 1:09:31 Reflections on the collapse of the Soviet Union and the role of Yeltsin 1:15:30 Kate's book, "Twilight of the Soviet Union", and closing remarks Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Tim participates in Kangaroo 89, a huge military exercise with the entire Australian Army using an area the size of Western Europe and we hear about the Australian equivalent of Wolfgang the Bratty Man who used to turn up on British exercises in Germany. Tim was also part of an exchange program with the British Army and he describes his experiences there and the advantages and disadvantages between Leopard 1 and the British Challenger 1 tank Tim also worked with the Bundeswehr where he had a fascinating encounter with a former East German tank commander. This is part two of my chat with Tim., Part one is episode 321 here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode321/  Photos, videos and extra episode information here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode324/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction 1:03 Kangaroo 89: Large-scale military exercise and logistical challenges 9:37 Leopard 1 vs Challenger 1: A comparison and discussion of their advantages 20:26 Evaluation of Russian/Chinese armoured vehicles and Soviet tanks 22:45 Discussion about the arms industry and British involvement in upgrading Iraqi tanks 28:28 Life in the field: Food, rations, and interaction with the local population 34:11 Night fighting capability of Leopard AS1 and limitations of infrared technology 39:24 Cold War tactics and concerns about signals intelligence 45:02 Exchange with the Bundeswehr and bonding with an ex-NVA senior NCO 51:59 Cold War-themed films recommendations and Australian contribution during the Cold War 54:02 Importance of individual Cold War stories and episode extras 55:00 Closing remarks and invitation to join the Facebook discussion group Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Since 1985, Ana Montes has been an asset of the Cuban intelligence service. In that time, she’s risen through the ranks to become one of the Pentagon’s most respected voices on Cuban affairs with easy access to classified documents. Peter Lapp reveals Montez's tradecraft and how the FBI found the proverbial "needle in a haystack". To learn more about the woman labelled "one of the most damaging spies in U.S. history" by America's top counter-intelligence official listen to episode 277.  Buy the book here https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781915603326 Extra Photos and videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode323 Enter the book giveaway here https://coldwarconversations.com/giveaway/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction to Anna Montez and her role in the Cuban Intelligence Service 7:48 The process of identifying a spy within the US intelligence community 16:43 Introduction of Scott Carmichael and his role in the investigation 28:34 The potential involvement of Anna Montez's family in espionage 34:51 A mistake and the realities of surveillance 41:00 The importance of the Toshiba computer in Anna's arrest 52:22 Arrest of Ana Montez 56:18 The process of reaching an agreement with Ana Montez 1:03:16 Public perception and recognition of Ana Montez post-arrest 1:04:11 Introduction of the book giveaway Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In 1966 most of Bridget’s friends, in their early twenties, were settling down with jobs and/or husbands… She, on the other hand, set off alone to travel across Poland relying on the kindness of strangers. Fascinated by what she experienced she continued to wander the highways and byways of, Hungary Czechoslovakia, Romania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia for the next couple of years seeking out remote rural communities almost untouched by the passage of time... Bridget travelled with virtually no money, however, this was not a problem but an opportunity: it enabled a rare and deep insight into the lives and experiences of ‘ordinary’ people in these Warsaw Pact countries. We hear how she stumbles across remote German minorities, gets arrested by border guards and finds love in a youth hostel in Munich. Buy the book here https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781915603326 Extra Photos and videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode352/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction to the episode 3:06 Bridget's journey and adventures in Poland 12:18 Bridget's job in Germany and exploration of the iron curtain 15:56 Bridget's smuggling adventure in Slovakia and visit to Hungary 26:02 Bridget's journey to Yugoslavia and her experiences there 32:04 Socio-economic situation and life experiences in Slovakia 34:36 Encounter with West German border guards 37:16 Meeting Bill in Munich and travelling to Romania 43:30 Journey to Bulgaria and experiences there 48:34 Using travel diaries to write "Cold War, Warm Hearts" 53:01 Acknowledging financial supporters and engaging with listeners on Facebook Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Many of Tim’s family had served in WW1 and WW2 and from a young age, he was determined to follow their path. Overcoming huge competition for places he became a driver of the Leopard AS1 MBT at 1st Armoured Regiment of the Australian Army. Australia is largely ignored in most Cold War histories, however, we hear how the Australian Army prepared to fight the Musorians, a thinly disguised notional enemy which was obviously the Soviets or one of their satellites in everything but name. Photos, videos and extra episode information here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode321/ Part two of our chat is here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode324/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction and Tim Whitford's early life and influences 7:48 Tim's involvement in the reserves and training details 12:16 Transition to the regular army and experience with basic training 19:41 First encounter with the Leopard tank and training experience 28:42 Comparison of Leopard and Centurion tanks 33:57 Posting to the 1st Armored Regiment and first deployment 43:41 NBC training and river forwarding capabilities of Leopard tanks 51:30 Reaction to the fall of the Berlin Wall and shift in military roles 55:09 Preview of Part 2 and recognizing financial supporters Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Jack Wesolek was born in East Germany in 1966. His grandfather was a member of the Red Orchestra, a Communist Anti-Nazi resistance organisation in Germany during World War 2. He later became Chief of the Signals Service of the Volksmarine, the East German Navy. In the 1980s an East German Army signals regiment was named after him. Jack’s father was an actor and we discuss how accurate the depiction of East German actors is in the film “The Lives of Others”. At age 6 his parents divorce and Jack stays with his father and grandmother in Rostock where he learns more about his grandfather’s story, however, he is separated from his brother who goes to live with his mother. Jack has an Uncle who was captured escaping from East Germany and was bought out by West Germany in the 1970s. At a clandestine meeting in Hungary they hatch a daring plan for Jack to escape across the Inner German Border, the fortified frontier between East and West Germany.   Photos, videos and extra episode information here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode320/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction and background of Jack Wesolek 3:19 Recollections of his father's actor friends 5:20 Jack's views on artistic freedom and family's political climate in East Germany 18:12 Life with grandmother and school experiences 32:20 Military training as part of school curriculum 37:48 Relatives in West Germany and uncle's imprisonment for attempted escape 41:12 Planning and preparation for escape to West Germany 1:00:43 The escape and crossing the border 1:04:33 First moments of freedom and reflections on life in East Germany 1:07:10 Registering as a refugee and first contact with family in East Germany post-escape 1:14:04 Stasi's interrogation and impact of Jack's escape on his family 1:20:36 Episode extras and closing remarks Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On 23rd Nov 1963 at Kunsan Air Base, South Korea a detachment of US Air Force B-57 Canberra bombers were parked on an alert pad each with a live nuclear weapon in their bomb bay and ready to fly at a moment’s notice. At 0400 klaxon horns aroused the crews from their slumber and they rushed to their waiting aircraft, for what they likely thought was just one more drill  But this morning was different. As the crew strapped themselves into their cockpits, they were told to await a signal to fly their war mission… With targets in North Korea, China, and the Soviet Far East, the aircrews instinctively knew they would be flying one-way missions. But they had no idea as to why they were facing potential oblivion. I talk with US Marine Veteran John F. Davies who has researched the little-known story of the military response to the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Extra episode info including videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode319/ Do you have any further information about this episode, contact John via email at JFD3vet "at"protonmail.com The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction and background 1:34 John Davies' military service and reaction to JFK's assassination 6:38 Initial military reaction to JFK's assassination and subsequent actions 11:18 Events unfolding in Washington post JFK's assassination and transition of command authority 16:13 Dean Rusk's and Admiral Harry D. Felt's response to JFK's assassination 20:45 The military response in Europe and Strategic Air Command situation 26:21 Exceptions in the military response - Fort Bliss, Texas and Cuba 31:46 President Johnson's return to Washington and easing of crisis atmosphere 34:09 Changes in command and control post November '63 and handling of information 43:41 Reflections on the importance of telling this story and predictions on Kennedy's continued presidency 46:29 Acknowledgement of financial supporters and Facebook discussion group Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Kevin was born in Wigan in North West England and joined the RAF as an apprentice in 1956 with only 3 O Levels. He came top of his course but was posted into supplies at RAF St Mawgan. However, he quickly became in charge of their clothing stores and via a fortuitous route became a trainee pilot. By May 1963 he joined the RAF V Force as a Vulcan pilot and served with 44 Squadron where Vulcan crews were being converted to low-level flying. He describes the challenges of low-level flying, Vulcan handling, and the immense power of the Vulcan’s engines and training in Canada. We also hear about the different methods of nuclear bomb release, what it was like to be on Quick Reaction Alert, and his targets in the Soviet Union. Kevin also flew a number of the Queen’s birthday flights up the Mall and describes a near collision on one of these events in cloud. He also remembers some of his colleagues who never came back from missions. Extra episode information including videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode318/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction and Background of Kevin 3:35 Kevin's Journey from Corporal Supplier to Vulcan Pilot 9:49 Kevin's Experiences and Training as a Vulcan pilot 18:20 Low-Level Flying, and Navigating 23:43 Quick Reaction Alerts and Nuclear Bomb Release 29:57 Post-Bomb Release Plans and Popular Media Depictions 33:22 Incidents, Implications, and Personal Views on nuclear Weapons 37:33 Responsibility of a Vulcan's Crew and recalling past incidents 39:17 Kevin's experience with Other V Bombers and survival training 42:06 Kevin's participation in Bombing Competitions and Closing Remarks Chapters powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Andrew McNeile decided to travel through Eastern Europe in a yellow MG Midget Sports car, a ​car ​that's ​going ​to ​stand ​out ​no ​matter ​where you are! He recalls his adventures travelling through East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania, and Yugoslavia He talks about the warmth and friendliness of people, challenges with petrol quality, and an accidental visit to a nudist beach. Peter Ryan is your host today and I’m delighted to welcome Andrew McNeile to our Cold War Conversation… The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Episode cover photo by kind permission of Oxyman https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MG_Midget_Orange_S.jpg 0:00 Introduction and overview of the episode's guest, Andrew Nielle 0:31 Andrew's journey through Eastern Europe in a yellow MG midget sports car 4:21 Reaction of Andrew's family and friends to his travel plans 7:13 Planned itinerary for the journey through Eastern Europe and Turkey 10:01 Describing the border crossing experience into the East Bloc from Germany 16:05 Reflections on the separation between East and West Germany and the construction of the Berlin Wall 24:25 Unexpected nudist beach experience in Romania 28:12 The challenges of travelling by car in Eastern Europe 32:19 Favourite country visited during the road trip: Czechoslovakia 35:57 Relief of returning to the West and impressions on Soviet rule 37:11 Closing remarks Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

This week is the 40th anniversary of the Able Archer NATO Exercise where it is reckoned that the Soviet Union and NATO almost started a nuclear war. 1990 an investigation by the US President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, culminating in its highly secret report “The Soviet ‘War Scare’” The detailed PFIAB report concluded that the U.S. “may have inadvertently placed our relations with the Soviet Union on a hair trigger”. The following is an audio version of the talk I delivered to the Manchester Military History Society in October 2023.  Documents, videos, and other extra episode information here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode316 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction and overview of the episode 1:14 Comparison of the 1983 crisis and the Cuban missile crisis 2:38 Detente and the state of US/Soviet relations in the 1970s & early 80s 4:24 Introduction Ronald Reagan and his policies 5:25 Introduction to Yuri Andropov and his policies 8:56 Soviet intelligence Operation Ryan's purpose and indicators 12:49 Fleetex 83 US naval exercise appears to confirm Soviet suspicions that US is planning an attack 16:33 The downing of Korean Airlines Flight 007 22:30 Incidents soon after the Korean Airlines shootdown 26:08 Soviet early warning system warns of US missile attack 30:06 The US military intervention in Grenada 34:21 Brigadier General Leonard H Perroot's role in averting a nuclear war during Able Archer 83 41:43 Double agent's contributions to Western intelligence 51:26 Controversy about how close we came to nuclear war around Able Archer 54:30 Acknowledgement of financial supporters and continuation of Cold War conversation on Facebook Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Denmark joined NATO as a founding member in 1949. However, it originally laid down limitations to NATO membership, effectively excluding the country from full military integration. The conditions were threefold: no non-Danish bases, no nuclear warheads, and no Allied military activity on Danish territory. Bo Hermansen served in a conscript reconnaissance platoon of the Danish Jutland Dragoon Regiment during the 1980s. His squadron was part of the divisional reconnaissance for the Danish Jutland division which was tasked to move into the north of West Germany and link up with West German units to stop a Warsaw Pact advance into Jutland. Bo describes Denmark’s political stance during this period where the election of President Reagan in the US and his policies regarding defence caused some concern in Denmark and elsewhere in Europe. We hear of his unit’s tactics against the Warsaw Pact, the exercises he participated in, the rivalry between units, and why a Danish tank was painted pink! It’s a fascinating view into the organisation and tactics of one of the lesser-known members of NATO. Extra episode information here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode315 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction to the episode and guest Bo Hermansen 7:31 Bo's decision to join the military and family reactions 12:33 Training, challenges, and transition to a professional soldier 19:46 Role and composition of the 5th Battalion of the Jutland Dragoon Regiment 28:42 Preparations for war: Major exercises and deployment practice 35:16 Relations with the Germans and other international troops during the Cold War 43:45 Importance of history and ethos in the Jutland Dragoons 51:32 Transition to green and black paint for Danish vehicles: Controversies and anecdotes 1:00:09 Escape and survival training in the Danish Army 1:08:06 Dedication to Bo's platoon and episode extras 1:08:33 Closing remarks Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On 29 August 1949 at 7:00 a.m. the Soviet Union exploded its first atomic bomb.  The test stunned the Western powers. American intelligence had estimated that the Soviets would not produce an atomic weapon until 1953, while the British did not expect it until 1954. The speed at which the Soviet Union developed their bomb was due a network of spies from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada who gave the Soviet Union the necessary information to develop an atomic bomb They were motivated by a range of factors. Some, such as ideology or a belief in communism, were committed to advancing the interests of the Soviet Union. Others were motivated by financial gain, while some may have been coerced or blackmailed into spying.  I speak with author Andrew Long who has written “Secrets of the Cold War – espionage and intelligence operations from both sides of the Iron Curtain” which covers this story and many others. Buy the book here https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781526790255 Book Giveaway info here https://coldwarconversations.com/giveaway/ Extra episode information here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode314/ Other episodes Interview with a KGB agent trained by two of the Atomic Spies https://coldwarconversations.com/episode140/ The Portland Spies https://coldwarconversations.com/episode138/ & https://coldwarconversations.com/episode139/ Ottawa Soviet defector Igor Gouzenko https://coldwarconversations.com/episode194/ Ethen Rosenberg https://coldwarconversations.com/episode184/  Guy Burgess & The Cambridge 5 https://coldwarconversations.com/episode148 Kim Philby’s granddaughter recollections https://coldwarconversations.com/episode228/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod 0:00 Introduction to the podcast and the topic of the Soviet Union's first atomic bomb 1:13 The history of atomic physics and the conceptualization of the atomic bomb 6:34 Collaboration between the US and the UK on the atomic bomb project and its aftermath 11:24 Espionage and the role of spies in the Soviet Union's acquisition of atomic technology 20:50 The Cambridge Five and how Cairncross broke the story to the Soviets about the atomic bomb project 33:33 The contribution of Ted Hall and George Koval to Soviet Intelligence 38:27 British spy Klaus Fuchs's role at Los Alamos and his ideological motivations 51:49 Fuchs's contribution to the Los Alamos setup and the plutonium bomb 59:12 Post-war movements of the atomic spies and the unraveling of the Soviet Spy network 1:10:02 The arrest and conviction of Klaus Fuchs and the Rosenberg case 1:15:29 The fate of the spies and the impact of atomic espionage on the Cold War and global power dynamics 1:25:14 Introduction to Andrew's book and closing remarks 1:26:20 Podcast outro and acknowledgments Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

This is the second part of my chat with Thomas who worked in a secret East German radio monitoring base. He describes how a BRIXMIS or another Allied Military Liason Mission vehicle had once got into the base and what the East German Army was told about MLM capabilities. When the officers aren’t around he and his comrades listen to Western radio and watch Western TV. Gorbachev is now in power and liberalisation has now started in the Soviet Union and the East German government worries about contamination. Thomas describes his participation in the Dresden protests and is totally ​shocked ​by ​police brutality against East German citizens. We talk about the opening of the Wall and the decline in NVA discipline as East Germany starts to implode in the march to reunification. We also hear about the surprising contents of his Stasi file.  Extra episode information here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode313/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. 0:00 Introduction 1:21 Thomas's Stasi file and military liaison mission experiences 11:30 Perception of NATO and potential for invasion 18:06 Exposure to Western media and culture 22:39 Unrest and start of the rebellion in East Germany 34:20 Closure of the Czech border 49:04 Shared experiences with American and Czech soldiers 55:38 Recollection of the day the Berlin Wall came down 1:02:55 First experience visiting the West and adapting to Western lifestyle 1:12:27 Transitioning back to civilian life and the reunification of Germany 1:27:13 Joining the Cold War Conversations Facebook discussion group Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Born in 1968 in East Germany Thomas had a "normal socialist" but happy childhood in a small town near Dresden. His family was viewed as exotic at that time as his mother had Hungarian citizenship which allowed her to travel to West Berlin. He was conscripted into the East German Army and signed up for 3 years as an Unteroffizier (NCO) instead of one and a half years of compulsory service. After training he is posted to a radio reconnaissance battalion based on the top of a mountain in the middle of nowhere near the inner German border. The unit was tasked with monitoring NATO surface-to-air missile batteries such as Patriots, and Nike Hercules, tracking NATO air traffic in Western Europe, and listening to air-to-ground transmissions. Thomas describes the isolated life on the mountain and harsh winters with lots of snow. The base was protected with a high-voltage double fence and sentries. With good visibility, Thomas could see the enemy on a similar mountaintop monitoring station on the other side of the border. Extra episode information here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode312/ 0:00 Introduction and background of Thomas 7:21 Thomas' schooling and impact of politics on education 16:23 Thomas's decision to join the army and experiences in Hungary 24:21 Living close to West Berlin and parents' experiences in West Germany 32:35 Experiences at the border and considering escape from East Germany 38:16 Thomas' drafting into the East German army 44:47 The drafting process and training in East Germany 50:42 Life at the outpost and working with the Czech Army 1:01:41 Social life, restrictions, and interactions with locals 1:09:15 The struggle to access Western media and relationship with officers 1:13:15 Acknowledgement of financial supporters 1:13:33 Closing remarks and teaser for next week's episode Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Mark joined the US Army on January 6th, 1981, and went to Ft Knox KY for Basic and Armor training. He graduated in April 1981 and was selected as Instructor Tank commander and trained the next cycle of recruits till August 1981. Mark was posted to West Germany in September 1981 and was assigned to 1st 37th Armor 1st Armored Div based in Katterbach. When he arrived they were just turning in their M60A2s for the M60A3s. Mark was made a gunner on C-22 as an E-2 private which is rare. He was also picked to serve with a 1st 304th Bundeswehr PZ unit in Leopard 1A4s in 1982 and describes some fascinating details of the differences between the Bundeswehr and the US Army. In 1982 his friend Dean McCoy was killed in a military accident and Mark experienced PTSD for the last 30 years as a result. We dedicate this episode to the memory of Sammy Dean McCoy who died on March 18th 1982 aged 21.  0:00 Introduction and Background of Mark 3:11 Mark's experiences in West Germany 9:59 Life expectations and preparations in case of a Soviet Invasion 14:44 Comparison Between Leopard and M60 A3 Tanks, and German and American Tank Training 20:18 Interactions with other national armies and demonstrations of West German firepower 25:36 Escape, Evasion, and Gunnery training 30:42 Naming of tanks and preparation for chemical Warfare 36:24 Differences between Army Life in West Germany and Fort Knox 39:15 Memorable and tragic incidents during service in West Germany 47:34 Discussion on the Book "Red Army" by Ralph Peters and Mark's PTSD 54:12 Podcast Closing Remarks Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Tim served in the USAF and the NSA from 1975 to 1988 during some of the most tense periods of the Cold War. This included stints at the US Air Force Electronic Warfare Center at Kelly AFB, Texas, and RAF Chicksands, in the UK working on SIGINT collection of USSR/Warsaw Pact/Other targets. He also served as part of the Cryptologic Support Group, Strategic Air Command HQ, Offutt AFB, Nebraska providing SIGINT briefings to SAC leadership on worldwide events In 1983 he transferred to the NSA and later GCHQ, Cheltenham, Glos 1984-1988. We hear about how the first indications that something was amiss the morning Chernobyl reactor exploded in 1986, the day the cleaners answered the secure phone at SAC HQ, and how at GCHQ the US and British intelligence share information as part of the UKUSA Agreement. 0:00 Introduction and Tim's background in the US Air Force 5:12 Understanding electronic warfare and data gathering at Kelly Air Force Base 16:58 Posting at RAF Chicksands in Bedford, UK, and monitoring for changes in regular patterns 25:52 The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the Iranian hostage crisis 36:19 Able Archer alerts and other instances of signals intelligence at Strategic Air Command, Nebraska 44:16 Incident of the KAL007 Korean airliner and US Navy exercise incidents 57:08 Misinterpretation during a briefing on a recon flight of TU-95 bear bombers and gathering intel on the Soviet Union 1:01:18 Constant pressure to provide intel on Soviet leadership and missile alerts during Soviet drills 1:05:34 Transition from Air Force to NSA and role at the NSA 1:14:08 Tracking Chinese air defense and transition to GCHQ 1:22:08 U.S. stance during the Falkland conflict and witnessing the Chernobyl reactor explosion 1:30:59 Anecdote about NSA bureaucracy and language proficiency test 1:34:21 Closing and thanks to supporters Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Extra episode info here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode310/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Thanks to listener Phil Curme for introducing me to Tim. You can read his blog here walkingthebattlefields.com Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Aged 16 Chris joined the British Army apprentice school in Arborfield, at Princess Marina College. He was trained as a vehicle mechanic in the Royal Electrical Mechanical Engineers otherwise known as REME. We talk about life expectancy in war scenarios, experiences with crash-out exercises, and life as a British soldier in West Germany Chris also served Post-Wall Berlin with the Military Police and describes an interesting “secret” job he was involved in. The episode was recorded at one of the Hack Green Nuclear Bunker Living History Weekends where Chris is one of the re-enactors. His advice has proved valuable to the other re-enactors as he is someone who was there…  It’s a great down-to-earth account of a sometimes forgotten part of the British Army, without whose support they wouldn’t have been able to operate.  0:00 Introduction and Chris's early life and decision to join the British army 3:05 Life expectancy in war scenarios and crash out exercises 4:40 Casualties on exercises and in training 9:25 Encounters with Soviet military liaison units and inspections by the Warsaw Pact 13:59 Living with the constant threat of conflict and its mental toll 15:53 De-escalation of tensions and the opening of the Berlin Wall 19:45 Life in Berlin post-Wall 20:31 Best aspects of serving in the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR) 23:57 Differences between the RAF and the Army 26:03 Closing remarks Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Extra episode info here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode309/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

This is part two of Henrik’s story. You can hear the first part in episode 307. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode307 It’s the late 1980s and Henrik and his friends plan to escape from East Germany via Czechoslovakia. Henrik provides a very vivid account of their discovery by Czechoslovak border guards in a forest near the Austrian border. He describes the moment the guards open fire to get them to stop. Henrik is separated from his friends and held in various Czechoslovak prisons, before being flown back to East Germany. There he is interrogated for a number of months before being placed on trial. After his conviction for Republikflucht or "desertion from the republic" he is held on in a rough criminal prison in Dresden before being moved to a work camp. The prison and work camp has two types of prisoners, politicals and criminals. There he is exposed to the hardcore criminals of the GDR, violent criminals, murderers and neo-Nazis. 0:00 Introduction and recap of the previous episode 1:31 Interview with Henrik: Early plans and journey to Czechoslovakia 7:40 Arrest on the border and early imprisonment experiences 17:21 Transfer to Prague and encounter with the East German Stasi 28:23 Arrival at the Secret Service prison in Dresden and coping in prison 46:59 Interrogations and dealing with the Stasi 1:00:18 Family visits, communication in prison, and considering a change of mind 1:13:08 Reflections on the Stasi's approach and trial 54:36 Life in remand prison and public humiliation during transport to Rakowitz work camp 1:00:06 Living conditions, daily life, and experiences in Rakowitz work camp 1:10:54 Announcement of amnesty and release from prison 1:14:00 Post-release observations on the social climate in East Germany 1:23:18 Closing remarks and outro Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode308 Special thanks to Jonny Whitlam for introducing Henrik to CWC. You can book his excellent Berlin tours here https://www.whitlams-berlin-tours.com/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Henrik was born in the late 1960s near Dresden in East Germany. The area was sarcastically known as the Tal der Ahnungslosen or Valley of the Clueless, as the area generally was not able to receive TV from West Germany from the mid-to-late 1950s. He describes his childhood growing up in a Uranium mining area. His mother was a teacher and his father was required to be a member of the Communist Party as his role at the university involved in map making which was classified as secret work. It’s not until he is 8 or 9 that Henrik realises there is another Germany and as he gets older he gets into Western music as he can still pick up West German radio. In 1983 his favourite grandmother moved to the West and started to bring him Western clothing and vinyl records. At 15 or 16 he seriously starts to think about how he can get to the West. Compulsory service in the National Peoples Army beckons increasing his urgency in finding a way to leave. In 1988 Henrik receives an unexpected postcard from Spain from a friend who had been sentenced for 2 years for trying to escape and this begins to crystallise Henrik’s plans. 0:00 Introduction and background of Henrik 10:47 The role of Western radio and music in shaping Henrik's perception of the West 19:21 Importance of Western contact for East German citizens 29:45 Music censorship in East Germany 35:19 Henrik's first thoughts of leaving East Germany 47:34 Henrik's gap year and work in a data processing factory 52:08 News about friends sentenced for trying to escape 1:02:24 The impact of his escape on his family 1:06:24 Comparison of Stasi and Gestapo tactics 1:07:45 Closing remarks, mention of episode extras and soundtrack If Henrik's life was made into a movie he says this would be the soundtrack… https://open.spotify.com/playlist/3eJFR6QJebyv2S16Dqyhoc?si=072a284d83dc4410 Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode307 Special thanks to Jonny Whitlam for introducing Henrik to CWC. You can book his excellent Berlin tours here https://www.whitlams-berlin-tours.com/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Check out Into History at this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

You are listening to part 2 of my chat with Joe who joined the USAF in 1981 and was trained to fly the A10 Warthog a single-seat, twin-engine jet aircraft designed to provide close air support to ground forces by attacking tanks, armoured vehicles, and other ground targets. Part 1 is here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode305/ In 1985 Joe is sent to 92nd Tactical Fighter Squadron at RAF Bentwaters in the UK, just over 50 miles from where his father served in World War 2. His role was to fly the A10 over West Germany and attack Warsaw Pact ground forces should the Cold War turn hot. We hear about the perils of flying the A10 at only 100 feet in mist and rain, whilst navigating with a map on your knee in the days before GPS was available.  Joe also recounts visiting the Inner German border and driving to his wartime target sectors to see what they looked like from the ground. He describes how they trained for landing on West German autobahns as well as their tactics against enemy aircraft. Joe also flew the Royal Air Force’s VTOL fighter, the Harrier, and tells of the challenge of managing the controls and his respect for the Royal Air Force. 0:00 Introduction and Joe Andrew's deployment to UK 1:35 Visiting the inner German border and discussion on potential kill zones 3:29 Practice landing on autobahns and durability of A-10's undercarriage 6:17 Low-level navigation and situational awareness in Europe 10:59 Practice bombing, missile firing, and liaisons with the army 15:00 Air to air defense, maneuvering training, and target acquisition 17:32 Managing information and plotting targets while flying 20:45 Tactics for air-to-air combat and likely survivability rate in conflict 27:44 Training for escape and evasion if shot down, and use of countermeasures 34:45 Joe Andrew's experiences with combat SAR alert and flying the Harrier 44:00 Extras and acknowledgements for the podcast's financial supporters Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Visit the RAF Bentwaters Museum here https://www.bcwm.org.uk/ Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode306 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Join Intohistory on this link https://intohistory.com/coldwarpod Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Joe’s father served in World War 2 in the USAF. His service inspired Joe to try and join the USAF or the Naval Air Force despite having no flying experience. It’s the aftermath of the Vietnam War so forces are being reduced, however with the arrival of a new President, Ronald Reagan, defence spending grows and provides Joe with an opportunity to start pilot training with the USAF. He eventually ends up flying the A10. The A-10 was first in service in 1976 and was designed to provide close air support to ground troops by attacking armoured vehicles, tanks, and other enemy ground forces. Joe describes what makes the A10 special as well as his training and initial deployment in the A10 in Alaska. You get a real pilot’s eye view of flying the plane including navigation techniques and the challenges of flying low level. 0:00 Introduction and background of Joe Andrew 6:41 Joe's completion of officer training school and becoming a second lieutenant 9:47 The decision of what to fly at the end of training 15:01 Description of the A 10 and its capabilities 28:19 First flight experience in the A-10 32:17 Joe's first operational station and flying experience in Alaska 37:56 Journey to Bentwaters and first impressions of the UK 41:40 Meeting and marrying future wife in the UK 44:13 Undergoing advisory training course for UK weather conditions 48:05 Wrap up and preview of next week's episode Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Part two is here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode306/ where Joe is sent to 92nd Fighter Squadron at RAF Bentwaters in the UK, just over 50 miles from where his father served in World War 2. Visit the RAF Bentwaters Museum here https://www.bcwm.org.uk/ Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode305 Rick Shreve's F111 episode https://coldwarconversations.com/episode193/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Join Intohistory on this link Cold War Conversations – Into History Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Tom lived in western Poland in an area that had been part of Germany until the end of World War 2. He describes how his grandmother settled in this area and the strangeness of taking over formerly German houses and apartments. Tom’s grandfather on his mother’s side was a Communist activist who worked for the Polish security services which created some tension as Tom’s father dodged the draft into the Polish Army. Tom describes his childhood in some detail, highlighting the contrasts of life in Cold War Poland versus some of the Warsaw Pact countries such as how the Boy Scouts and the Catholic Church managed to co-exist with the Communist government. He is 11 years old when the free trade union Solidarity is made illegal and martial law is declared by the Polish Communist authorities. Tom describes how life changes under martial law and the suppression of Solidarity demonstrations. We end with the poignant story of his Grandmother’s experiences as a forced labourer in Germany during World War 2.  0:00 Introduction and background of Tom's family history in Cold War Poland 9:06 Tom's family members and their roles during the Cold War 20:38 Tom's parents' professions and their impact on his upbringing 26:15 Living conditions in the 70s in Poland and Tom's school life experiences 41:56 The role of the Scouts movement and the state in shaping youth ideology 48:59 Declaration of martial law and its immediate impact 1:02:19 Witnessing solidarity demonstrations and restrictions on travel 1:11:39 Visit to Dresden and grandmother's experience as a forced laborer 1:22:00 Communicating with the locals in Dresden and Grandma's vivid recount 1:24:15 Podcast extras and thanking financial supporters 1:24:43 Closing remarks and teaser for next week's episode Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode304 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Join Intohistory on this link Cold War Conversations – Into History Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On 1 July 1960, a United States RB-47H reconnaissance plane was shot down by the Soviet Air Defence Forces while performing signals intelligence in the Barents Sea, near the Kola Peninsula, off the Arctic coast of the Soviet Union. Four of the six crew members died. The shootdown occurred exactly two months after the far better-known U-2 shootdown involving Francis Gary Powers and added to the tensions created by that incident. Gary Power and the U2 incident https://coldwarconversations.com/episode23/  I speak with John Mollison, an aviation artist, writer, and award-winning filmmaker. Do check out his website at https://www.johnmollison.com/ John interviewed Captain "Bruce" Olmstead who was co-pilot of the RB47. As a result of his involvement in the incident, Olmstead received the POW medal in 1996 and Silver Star medals in 2004, as well as the Distinguished Flying Cross. His Silver Star Citation reads “For 208 days, Colonel Olmstead was interrogated and harassed at length on a continuous basis by numerous top Soviet Secret Police interrogating teams. Although greatly weakened physically by the lack of food, denial of sleep, and the mental rigors of constant interrogation, Colonel Olmstead steadfastly refused all attempts to give sensitive defense information or be exploited for propaganda purposes. By his gallantry and devotion to duty, Colonel Olmstead has reflected great credit upon himself and the United States Air Force.” Bruce died in October 2016. 0:00 Introduction and background of the RB47 incident  6:30 The shift from RB47 to U2 missions and importance of signals intelligence 12:00 Description of the RB47's engagement and defensive armament 17:00 Context of the times, the Gary Powers shoot down, and implications of SIOP 20:00 The tracking, interception, and attack on the RB 47 26:00 Communication between the Ravens and the cockpit, aftermath of the crash and capture 33:00 The American reaction to the loss of the RB 47 and negotiations with the Soviets 36:00 The duration of captivity, trial, and release of the crew 38:00 Meeting with President Kennedy and the zeitgeist of the times 40:00 Importance of the shoot down in Cold War history and other related incidents 43:00 Podcast extras, acknowledgements, and closing remarks Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode303 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Love history? Join Intohistory https://intohistory.supercast.com/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Honecker emerged as an ambitious political player and became the shadowy mastermind behind the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961, a crucial moment in twentieth-century history. Author Nathan Morley brings to life the story of the longtime leader of the German Democratic Republic. Drawing from a wealth of untapped archival sources – and firsthand interviews with Honecker’s lawyers, journalists, and contemporary witnesses – Morley paints a vivid portrait of how an uneducated miner’s son from the Saarland rose to the highest ranks of the German Communist Party. Having survived a decade of brutality in Nazi prisons, and frequently on the verge of being relegated to obscurity, he managed to overthrow strongman Walter Ulbricht at the height of the Cold War and reigned supreme over the GDR between 1971-1989. However, by 1980, the Honecker honeymoon was on the wane as a decade of economic and social difficulties blighted the GDR. Then, as tumultuous changes swept through the Soviet bloc, everything in and around him collapsed in 1989. His health, his certainties, his ideology, his apparatus of power, and his beloved SED party. 0:00 Introduction and discussion on the life of Eric Honecker 5:42 Overview of Honecker's early life and family background 13:49 Honecker's return to Germany and the state of the country 19:37 Honecker's post-war life and rise in East German politics 28:01 Honecker's struggle with the exodus of East Germany's population 34:53 Operation Rose: The division of Berlin 44:10 Public perception of Honecker in East Germany 46:05 Intensifying economic struggles in East Germany and Poland 55:26 Honecker's refusal to follow Gorbachev's reforms and health decline 1:01:19 Honecker's extradition and trial in Berlin 1:03:17 Honecker's release and final years in Chile 1:05:29 Honecker's funeral and tributes received 1:06:51 Mention of the book "The Man Who built the Berlin Wall" by Nathan Moreley and podcast extras 1:07:22 Acknowledgement of podcast's financial supporters and closing remarks Buy the book here https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781399088824 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Book giveaway entry info here https://coldwarconversations.com/giveaway/ Episodes mentioned: History of East Germany https://coldwarconversations.com/episode284/ Doping of East German athletes https://coldwarconversations.com/episode264/ Polish strikes in 1980 https://coldwarconversations.com/episode152/ Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode302/ Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Radio GDR If you are interested in East Germany we can highly recommend our friends over at Radio GDR. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Tom Sullivan was a tank platoon commander in Korea in the early 1980s responsible for six tanks and their crew We hear why he joined the US Army, his training, and his first impressions of Korea in the Winter of 1982. He is assigned to Second Platoon, C Company, 1-72 Armor under the toughest Company Commander in the Brigade who had very high standards, no humour, and was a rigid disciplinarian with an uncompromising approach. Tom shares details of his fellow soldiers, including Vietnam veterans, the living conditions He explains the challenges of operating armour where the winter weather is brutal, and the majority of the terrain is hills, mountains, rice paddies, and dirt roads We discuss the threat the North Koreans posed and the scarce hope that reinforcements would arrive in sufficient time should the North Koreans decide to attack.   0:00 Introduction and background of Tom Sullivan 4:56 Training to become an armored officer and the role of international instructors 14:12 Arrival in Korea, transfer to Camp Casey and introduction to the unit 20:35 Initial challenges and observations in Korea 27:57 Exercise with Korean army units: Team Spirit and deployment experience 32:00 Living conditions and navigating the difficult Korean terrain 39:00 Proximity to the DMZ and observing cross border fire and incursions 43:38 Using the M48 tank in Korea and facing the North Korean armored threat 51:08 Being within North Korean artillery range and potential infiltration threats 57:22 Acknowledgement of financial supporters and podcast extras Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode301/ Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In February 1983 US soldier Manuel Alzager was sent to a mysterious posting to the British Zone in the north of West Germany a long way from the main US forces in southern Germany. After a lengthy journey, he is picked up by a West German private and eventually arrives at the 81st USAFAD (US Army Field Artillery Detachment), where his mission is to guard, assemble, and deliver low-yield nuclear artillery rounds to the 7th West German Army Artillery Regiment. He describes how the rounds were assembled as well as their orders in the event of unauthorised intruders. Being stationed in the British Zone of West Germany Manuel also tells us about the love/hate relationship with the Brits where they would fight, make up, drink, and fight again.  0:00 Introduction and overview of the episode 0:55 Manuel Altsaga's experience and assignment in West Germany 13:25 Mission and protocol related to nuclear artillery rounds 21:10 Public awareness and potential spy encounters 24:29 Guard duty and response plan for potential attacks 30:06 Social interactions and bonding with British soldiers 32:14 Manuel's departure from Germany and reflection on his service 33:38 Manuel's assignment at Fort Bragg and decision not to re-enlist 37:00 Transition to civilian life: College and California National Guard 39:17 Acknowledgement of financial supporters and promotion of Facebook discussion group Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Manuel's other episodes are here: A 17-year-old in the Cold War US Army https://coldwarconversations.com/episode57/ Experiences of the Cold War Reforger 82 NATO Exercise https://coldwarconversations.com/episode100/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community, get ad-free episodes, and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode300/ Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Now have you ever heard of Dickey Chapelle? No, I hadn’t either, but I’m delighted to bring you the unknown story of this trailblazing female war correspondent. Dickey’s career started in World War 2 where she reported from some of the Pacific wars’ toughest battlefields of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. During the Cold War, she reported from Hungary during the 1956 Uprising and was held in the infamous Fő Prison and interrogated by the Hungarian security forces. Dickey went on to report from the struggle of the Algerian Liberation Front covering their campaign against French colonial rule as well as becoming the first Western female reporter to march with Castro’s Cuban Revolutionary Army. She was the first woman to be given permission to para drop with the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions' first correspondent to live with anti-communist guerrilla forces in the Mekong Delta. Later, she would become the first female reporter to go on patrol with the First and Third Battalions of the Seventh Marines Regiment which were among the initial US combat troops sent to Vietnam. 0:00 Introduction to the episode and the story of Dickie Chapelle 1:22 Interview with author Larissa Reinhardt on Dickie Chapelle's journalism career 12:46 Chapelle's experiences in the Hungarian revolution and subsequent arrest 19:57 Discussion on Chapelle's post-traumatic stress disorder and reporting style 21:13 Chapelle's determination to report on the Algerian war of independence 25:07 Difficulty of getting such stories published in the US 30:02 Chapelle's time in Cuba and her unique reporting strategies 38:54 Discussion on the Bay of Pigs incident and CIA's control of information 47:52 Early assessment of the Vietnam War by Chapelle 52:38 Chapelle's fame in the US and her vocal opposition to the treatment of South Vietnamese 56:11 Chapelle's death and its impact on the journalism world 57:54 Ian Sanders wraps up the conversation and promotes Larissa's book 58:20 Thanks to the financial supporters of the podcast Buy the book here and support the podcast https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781250276575 Book giveaway entry info here https://coldwarconversations.com/giveaway/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode299/ Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

I speak with author Ethan Scheiner whose book “Freedom to Win” describes the gripping story of a group of small-town young men who would lead their underdog hockey team from Czechoslovakia against the Soviet Union, the juggernaut in their sport. In 1968 Czechoslovakia experienced the Prague Spring, an attempt to moderate and soften communism. However, a sudden invasion by 500,000 Warsaw Pact soldiers halts the reforms. We hear the inspiring story of how the young players of the national hockey team battle the Soviets on the ice to keep their people’s quest for freedom alive and forge a way to fight back against the authoritarian forces that sought to crush them. 0:00 Introduction and background on the episode's guest 2:51 Background on the Holik family and their struggle under the Nazi occupation 9:37 The unique situation of army teams in Czechoslovakia and the Holik brothers' involvement 15:50 Yaroslav Holik: A superhero in Czechoslovakia 23:23 The heated 1967 World Championships match between Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union 28:48 The impact of the Prague Spring on Czechoslovakia's performance in ice hockey 34:21 The Prague Spring and the World Ice Hockey Championships 40:37 The aftermath of Dubcek's negotiations with the Soviets 49:35 The 1969 World Ice Hockey Championships 1:08:08 The consequences for the hockey players Buy the book here and support the podcast https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781639363513 Book giveaway entry info here https://coldwarconversations.com/giveaway/ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode298/ Prague Spring and Cold War Czechoslovakia episodes https://coldwarconversations.com/tag/czechoslovakia/ Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The BBC Wartime Broadcasting Service (WTBS) is a little-known piece of Cold War history that would have been for many the last human voice they heard after a nuclear attack on the UK. Iain started work for the BBC in 1988 and due to the pressure on training space, was trained in the nuclear bunker at BBC Wood Norton. After training he went to Broadcasting House in London where he first encountered some of the technical infrastructure the WTBS would use. Iain did a spell in the main control room and recalls the red phone which was the link from Whitehall to initiate the BBC War Book. Over time Iain has collected knowledge on all aspects of the WTBS and he shares details of where it would have been broadcast from, what would have been heard, and who, in the event of an attack, would have descended into the bunkers to broadcast it. Iain also delivers a talk on the subject. There are more details on this link. https://speakernet.co.uk/talk/4000/the-bbc-the-bomb-cold-war-broadcasting-from-the-bunkers Hack Green Nuclear bunker that has a preserved BBC studio (as seen in our episode cover) https://www.hackgreen.co.uk/ 0:00 Introduction to the episode and the BBC wartime broadcasting service 2:05 Introduction of the guest, Ian Benson 3:04 Ian's fascination with the WTS and his experiences at the BBC 8:27 The evolution of the WTS with the onset of the Cold War 13:12 The change in broadcasting plans with the advent of transistor radios 15:33 The BBC's emergency broadcasting facility and its myths 20:01 Changes in television and radio broadcasts during emergencies 25:26 Launch and activation of the Wartime Broadcasting Service (WTBS) 30:33 The dilemma of duty versus family for BBC staff during emergencies 35:59 Regular exercises and resistance from BBC staff towards emergency broadcasting 44:36 Conclusion and wrap-up of the episode Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra videos and photos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode297/ Previous UK Civil Defence episodes How Cold War Britain Prepared for Nuclear War https://coldwarconversations.com/episode285/ Cold War leaflets and documents https://coldwarconversations.com/episode112/ Assigned to a government bunker https://coldwarconversations.com/episode107/ Visit to a Royal Observer Corps monitoring post and interview with the Chief Observer who served in the post https://coldwarconversations.com/episode30/ Alistair McCann has preserved a Royal Observer Corps monitoring post as a museum in Northern Ireland. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode11/ Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Jonny Whitlam has been a Berlin tour guide since 2010, and since then he’s been showing travellers from across the world the fascinating history of Berlin. We met via social media after I noticed his great videos describing well-known and lesser know 20th-century historical locations in Berlin. We discussed doing an episode to help you see Cold War Berlin sites without needing a tour guide and this episode is the result. However, if you would like a personal tour check out Jonny’s tours on this link. Book your Berlin private tour experience now (whitlams-berlin-tours.com) Jonny is keen to share Berlin’s amazing history with everyone and he has put together The Ultimate Guide to Cold War Berlin which includes an amazing Google map of Cold War sites in Berlin. Despite the name, this list is not exhaustive and we’d welcome suggestions for anything you think we have missed! 0:00 Introduction and guest introduction: Johnny Whitlam 2:21 Interview with Johnny Whitlam: His experience as a tour guide and significant Cold War sites in Berlin 15:49 Must-see locations in Central Berlin according to Johnny Whitlam 27:30 Treptower Park: The Soviet Cemetery in Berlin 31:50 Ian Sanders shares a story about two brothers rescuing their sibling from East Berlin 42:35 Touring Potsdam and Berlin: 47:06 Waldsiedlung : GDR Leaders Housing Estate 57:04 Recommended Cold War Museums: Including Allied Museum and DDR Museum 1:02:02 Erich Mielke's office at the Stasi Museum Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve Cold War history. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra episode information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode296/ Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

South Africa in the 1980s is a brutal, racist Apartheid regime. Those who oppose it risk their lives. Apartheid was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa from 1948 to the early 1990s Sue Dobson is moving easily through the echelons of the racist government in her work as a journalist, whilst concealing her espionage and military training in the Soviet Union, and her intelligence work for the banned African National Congress. She interviewed Apartheid ministers and had a honey trap affair with a police chief involved with the Namibian independence process. However, Sue's cover is blown leading to her desperate flight across Southern Africa with the Apartheid security police snapping at her heels. We hear in detail about her tense three day car journey to the Soviet Embassy in Botswana and how her KGB training saved her life…  0:00 Introduction and Sue Dobson's Espionage Journey 2:22 Sue's Role in the South African Bureau of Information and Namibia's Independence 8:21 Sue's Encounter with Key Information Source and Communication with ANC 13:55 Sue's Meeting with Apartheid Era Figures and Confrontation with Pik Botha 18:44 Sue's Moral Dilemma and Justification for Her Actions 20:37 Global Attention on South Africa and Tactics Used in Namibia 22:37 Sue's Job Offer and Realization of a Potential Exposure 24:15 Sue's Escape Plan and Journey through Namibia 32:58 Sue's Close Encounter with Surveillance and Journey to Botswana 40:12 Sue's Refuge in the Russian Compound and Escape to Europe 44:27 Sue's New Life in the UK and Fears of Parcel Bombs and Poisonings 47:22 Sue's Decision to Share Her Story Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Listeners can find details of our book giveaway here https://coldwarconversations.com/giveaway/ Episode extras including videos and photos https://coldwarconversations.com/episode295/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

South Africa in the 1980s is a brutal, racist regime. Those who oppose it risk their lives. Sue Dobson, was a young white South African woman who was also a spy for the banned African National Congress. The ANC was a liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid In the 1980s she built a legend, a fake persona where she pretends to conform, moving easily through the echelons of the racist government in her work as a journalist, whilst concealing her espionage and military training in the Soviet Union, and her intelligence work. We begin with her childhood and what life was like under apartheid. Sue then describes her journey to joining the African National Congress, her recruitment into the armed wing, and her training in the Soviet Union. 0:00 Introduction and brief history of apartheid 0:31 Sue Dobson: Life as a spy for the ANC 8:35 Geopolitical outlook of South Africa during the Cold War 15:40 Sue Dobson's initial contact with the ANC and her training 24:38 Living a lie permanently and returning to London 27:43 First impressions of the Soviet Union 32:57 Building strong bonds with the training team 39:55 Shocking news upon return to South Africa and becoming a spy 44:31 End of part one and preview for next week Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Buy the book here and support Cold War Conversations Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Enter our book giveaway here https://coldwarconversations.com/giveaway/ Episode extras including videos and photos https://coldwarconversations.com/episode294/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In November of 1982, at the height of the Cold War, Samantha Smith, a 10-year-old girl from Manchester, Maine, wrote to the Soviet leader Yuri Andropov and asked him if he was going to wage a nuclear war against the U.S. When an unprecedented response from Andropov arrived, and Samantha received an invitation to visit the USSR, she and her family embarked on a journey that brought the two warring nations closer together. We speak with author Lena Nelson who was born in the Soviet Union and has spent the past 15 years researching and documenting the story of Samantha Smith and creating an archive at https://www.samanthasmith.info/. Lena reveals how Samantha Smith's journey in the summer of 1983 helped melt the hearts of the Soviets and thaw the ice of the Cold War. We talk about the interviews she conducted in both the US and Russia with key players in the events of those days and tell the story of this unprecedented moment in history. 0:00 Introduction and interview with author Lena Nelson about Samantha Smith 1:35 Sponsor: Support for Cold War Conversations 5:24 Samantha Smith's motivation to write to Yuri Andropov and her history of letter writing 14:54 Lena's impressions of American life from Samantha Smith's documentary 20:49 Samantha Smith's preparation for her trip to the Soviet Union 25:41 Samantha Smith's arrival in the Soviet Union and the initial reactions 33:54 Natasha's accidental trip to Artek and meeting Samantha Smith 43:25 The incident over the colour of hot dogs in the Artek cafeteria and Samantha's image as an ideal American representative 48:37 Samantha's post-trip experience and school life 57:04 Circumstances of Samantha's tragic death and Lina Nelson's memory of hearing the news in the Soviet Union 1:05:16 Lina's collaboration with Jane and the evolution of her project 1:07:19 Podcast conclusion, invitation to Facebook discussion group and closing remarks by Ian Sanders Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Lena’s book America's Youngest Ambassador: The Cold War Story of Samantha Smith's Lasting Message of Peace is available via this link https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781684750207 Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode extras including videos and photos https://coldwarconversations.com/episode293/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Communist Poland had universal conscription and the armed forces were huge by contemporary standards. The Polish People’s Army, Navy, and Airforce had just over 400,000 troops for most of the 1980s in a country of 36 million. Tom was a conscript in Polish People's Army from 1987-89. He served as a radio operator in Legnica for the rocket artillery.  His service was at an interesting time when the communist dominance ended as Poland began to embrace democracy in its first free elections before World War 2. Tom shares details of his conscription process, selection, and initial training. We also hear of training exercises, attempts at political indoctrination, and his role if the Cold War had ever turned hot. I’m very keen to expand our library of Warsaw Pact voices, so if you know of any other English speakers who served in the Warsaw Pact Forces during the Cold War do let me know.     0:00 Introduction and background of Polish military conscription 5:18 Issuance of army book and process for students aspiring for higher education 10:59 Political education at the university and military radio training 19:43 Tom's role as a mobile radio operator and experience in an armored truck 27:15 Fear of being ordered to stop demonstrations and participating in Warsaw Pact exercises 35:28 Interactions with the Russian military and instructions if captured by NATO forces 40:31 Living conditions and military structure in Legnica 45:28 Perception of the West as a threat and the Army's transition after the Russian withdrawal 49:37 Reflecting on time in the Polish People's Army and pretending to work 51:27 Episode extras and thanks to financial supporters 51:58 Closing remarks by Ian Sanders Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode extras including videos and photos https://coldwarconversations.com/episode292/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

It’s 1966 in Berlin and the city has now been divided for 5 years by an almost impenetrable wall erected by the communist German Democratic Republic. Together with his friends, West German student Volker Heinz joins a group looking for ways to help would-be fugitives escape from East to West. Their search ends at Checkpoint Charlie, the most heavily secured border crossing of the Berlin Wall. By hiding the fugitives in the trunk of a diplomat's car, Volker Heinz helps East German citizens flee to the West. However, the Stasi picks up his trail, and Volker is arrested and interrogated. We hear in detail about his time in prison, including the interrogations and fellow cellmates. Following secret negotiations and a show trial where he is sentenced to 12 years imprisonment, Heinz is eventually swapped for two Soviet spies. In 2001 Heinz initiated the German-British foundation Temple Gift dedicated to the reconciliation of former foes Britain and Germany. In 2012 he was awarded the Federal Order of Merit in recognition of his courage. 0:00 Introduction and Volker Heinz's story  5:19 Volker's involvement in helping East German citizens escape 20:01 Reflections on the experience and diplomatic immunity  30:25 Volker's arrest, interrogation, and time in prison 57:12 Meeting Wolfgang Vogel and trial experiences 1:02:23 Volker's prison experiences and Stasi's recruitment attempts 1:05:54 Volker's release and return to West Germany 1:09:32 Volker's post-prison life and discovery of Stasi's tracking 1:14:21 Volker's book and its contribution to Cold War understanding 1:14:41 Sponsor: Amberley Publishing 1:15:11 Closing remarks and podcast's Facebook discussion group information Buy the book here and support CWC https://amzn.to/42V7FUK Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode extras including videos and photos https://coldwarconversations.com/episode291/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Colonel Terry Chester’s flying career spanned some 42 years, and 10,000 flying hours. He joined the RCAF in Sept 1964 and in 1968 was awarded Navigator Wings. Terry flew for 3,000 hrs on the Argus Maritime patrol aircraft where he spent a good portion of his RCAF career hunting for Soviet Submarines in both the Pacific and Atlantic areas of operation.  He was instrumental in the design criteria for sub-hunting capability when Canada procured the new Aurora, for anti-submarine hunting in the early 1980s. Terry reveals sub-hunting tactics as well as details of Canadian participation in NATO exercises. Among other stories, he describes how he accidentally attacked a US nuclear submarine, the perils of landing in Gibraltar, and Soviet sub-incursions into Canadian waters. He also recalls airborne meetings with Soviet aircraft and a trip in the British nuclear submarine HMS Churchill.  0:00 Introduction to Cold War Conversations with Colonel Terry Chester 2:24 Overview of Chester's experiences in Anti-Submarine Warfare and the Soviet Navy 5:05 Accounts of accidental attacks on US nuclear submarines 13:21 Encounters with Soviet aircraft and monitoring of Soviet submarines 20:34 The Gibraltar Base, Spanish tensions, and life aboard HMS Churchill 26:28 Protocols and preparations for potential nuclear warfare  28:14 Soviet submarine incursions in Canadian waters and international cooperation 32:19 End of the Cold War: experiences and concerns 33:40 Post-Cold War era and the Western Alliance's reduced defense spending 34:21 Reflections on serving in the Cold War and camaraderie during service 35:17 Sponsor: Listener Support and invitation to the Facebook discussion group Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Episode 1 of our interview with Terry is here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode54/ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode extras including videos and photos https://coldwarconversations.com/episode290/ Do take a look at  Vintage Wings a collection of historically significant aircraft that Terry has worked on as well as the Royal Canadian Airforce Association of which Terry was a National President. Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The second part of Svetlana’s story starts shortly after her arrival in West Germany with her husband Oleg who is the Chief Editor of the Russian Service of Radio Liberty a CIA-financed station beaming Western propaganda into the Soviet Union. Listen to the previous episode here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode288/ To Svetlana’s horror, Oleg reveals that he has been working for the KGB for 14 years. Svetlana is now trapped. She is in a quandary. Should she betray the man she loves and risk the wrath of the KGB or should she stay loyal to her husband? Loyalty wins out and she is invited by the Americans to teach Russian to intelligence officers and later becomes assistant to the commander at the US Army Intelligence Institute in Munich. However, in 1986 Oleg disappears and leaves Svetlana on her own in West Germany. At a press conference in Moscow, he reveals his espionage and suspicion falls on Svetlana… 0:00 Introduction and background of Svetlana's story 5:34 Discussion about Oleg's recruitment into the KGB and his role as a spy 15:18 Svetlana's job with the Americans and the impact on their relationship 24:06 Lie detector test and its implications for Oleg 31:02 The pressures of leading a double life and Oleg's subsequent disappearance 40:50 Svetlana's actions and the aftermath of Oleg's disappearance 46:58 Oleg's return to Munich, American secret investigations, and the disagreement with Germans 55:23 Oleg's encounters with Vladimir Putin and his subsequent help 58:47 Oleg's arrest, trial, and prison sentence 1:03:29 Oleg's life post-prison and his encounters with the FBI and family in the United States 1:07:34 Transition to life in Moscow and political involvement with "John Wood" 1:08:04 Episode extras and thanking financial supporters Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode extras including videos and photos https://coldwarconversations.com/episode289/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Svetlana came from a dissident Jewish family opposed to Soviet rule in Latvia. Her parents survived World War 2, but during the Stalin era two members of her family were held in the Gulags. The family never resigned themselves to Latvia's occupation by the Soviet Union in 1940. It was almost impossible to legally leave the Soviet Union, however, in 1971 the first opportunities for "Jewish" emigration appeared, and Svetlana, then aged 12 and her family left legally. At the age of 16, she is staying with her Uncle in London when she comes across Bush House, the home of the BBC Russian Service. Svetlana manages to get a job there and begins to get promoted. She meets Georgi Markov who is assassinated by Bulgarian Security Services on Waterloo Bridge in London and later she is introduced to Oleg, the Chief Editor of the Russian Service of Radio Liberty, a CIA-financed station beaming Western propaganda into the Soviet Union. This meeting has a profound effect on her life… 0:00 Introduction and Svetlana's Background 7:23 Svetlana's Experiences during the Stalin Era and Attempted Hijack 14:12 Svetlana's Immigration and Figure Skating Career 17:04 Svetlana's Arrival in Vienna and First Impressions of Western Lifestyle 23:51 Svetlana's Experience at BBC and Life in London and Israel 31:42 Encounter with Georgi Markov and Introduction to Oleg 39:43 Oleg's Escape from Soviet Union and Journey to Libya 44:32 Oleg's Role in Radio Liberty 46:57 Svetlana's Move to Germany and Discovery of Oleg's KGB Affiliation 49:21 Preview of Next Episode and Closing Remarks 2:00 Sponsor Message and Testimonial from a Listener Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Details and extra video content on this link https://coldwarconversations.com/episode288/ St Petersburg (Leningrad) aircraft hijack episode https://coldwarconversations.com/episode258/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

We continue Steffen’s story where he tells of serving in three armies – firstly, the NVA, secondly the East German Army between the first free elections and unification, and finally the unified Bundeswehr.  We start the episode in the Autumn of 1989 where demonstrations are growing against the government in nearby Leipzig and Steffen’s unit is on high alert and confined to barracks. It is clear East Germany is on the cusp of change however, what will be the impact on Steffen and his comrades? Steffen describes these tense days when rumours abounded of military action against the demonstrators, as well as how he heard about the fall of Honecker and the opening of the border. We also hear about his experiences as the NVA transitions after the first free elections in East Germany and momentum builds for reunification. Steffen accepts a place in the new unified German army and we hear about the day command is handed over to the Bundeswehr and how he has to learn a different way of thinking, such as the new doctrine of personal responsibility.  0:00 Introduction and Steffen's account of tension in East Germany 2:26 Steffen's experiences during high alert and rumors of military action 9:41 Steffen's account of the news about Honecker's departure and post-fall experiences 13:29 Steffen's thoughts on a better GDR and first crossing into the West 18:32 Changes in public sentiment during weekly demonstrations and the decline of grassroots groups 24:15 Reunification possibilities and its effect on the NVA 29:11 Steffen's encounter with Bundeswehr troops and changes post-reunification 34:03 Steffen's transition from the East German uniform to the Bundeswehr uniform 43:57 Transformation in the relationship between soldiers and commanders post-reunification 46:51 Impact of reunification on Steffen's parents' jobs and his own career path 54:31 Steffen's comparison between NVA and Bunderswehr 55:46 Sponsor: Reminder about the Facebook discussion group Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Photos and extra video content on this link https://coldwarconversations.com/episode287/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Steffen was born in Karl Marx Stadt and was conscripted into the NVA (East German Army) in 1988. When he left school he started an apprenticeship in electronics learning how to build radio receivers at REMA, a then-famous producer of HiFi equipment. Steffen is called up at 18 for his 18 months of service and he talks of the conscription process and incentives offered to him to serve for a longer period. Steffen is posted to a unit in Leipzig that was responsible for telephone lines from the NVA Headquarters for the area south of Berlin. He describes the training he took and the role he carried out including installing phones for NATO Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty inspectors. In the summer of 1989 many citizens of East Germany flee the country via the now semi-open Hungarian border and Steffen describes heightened tension within the Army. Don’t miss next week’s episode where Steffen describes his transfer into the Bundeswehr, the West German Army. 0:00 Introduction and guest presentation 2:36 Steffen's childhood and school life in East Germany 15:21 Steffen's conscription into the East German army and training experiences 25:37 Steffen's comrades and checks conducted on him before his role 29:38 Steffen's experience with possible Stasi checks 32:34 Steffen's daily duties in the East German army and infrastructure of the East German phone system 37:14 Steffen's mission involving a secret code word and awareness of the Allied military liaison missions 43:16 Access to Western media while in the East German army 47:49 Lead up to Steffen's job on October 7th, 1989 and preview of next week's episode 48:34 Sponsor: Encouragement for listeners to donate and join the Facebook discussion group Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve these first hand accounts. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode extra inc videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode286/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

During the Cold War, the awesome power of nuclear weapons and its deadly fallout meant that every town, village and home in Britain fell under the nuclear shadow, and the threat of annihilation coloured every aspect of ordinary life. I chat with author and fellow Cold War podcaster Julie McDowall about her new book  Attack Warning Red!: How Britain Prepared for Nuclear War. We discuss how families were encouraged to construct makeshift shelters with cardboard, plastic sheets and sandbags, as well as how vicars and pub landlords learnt how to sound hand-wound sirens, offering four minutes to scramble to safety. and the thousands who volunteered to give nuclear first aid, often consisting of breakfast tea, herbal remedies, and advice on how to die without contaminating others.  It's a fascinating, haunting and darkly humorous look at the UK government’s attempts to prepare the UK population for nuclear war while bunkers were readied for the officials and experts who, in theory, would ensure life continued after Armageddon. Buy the book & support CWC https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781847926210 0:00 Introduction and story of a village landlord's plan for nuclear warning 4:08 The 4-minute nuclear warning system in the UK 14:22 Role of the Women's Royal Volunteer Service in the Cold War 20:03 Rise of organizations like the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament 27:05 The Python plan for government survival in a nuclear attack 33:07 Visiting former Cold War government bunkers in the UK 37:04 The haunting TV version of Protect and Survive 51:15 The selection process for government bunker inhabitants 56:09 The importance of Threads in understanding nuclear war 1:10:54 Introduction to Julie McDowell's book 'Attack Warning Red' Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to continue to preserve these first hand accounts. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Previous UK Civil Defence episodes  Cold War leaflets and documents https://coldwarconversations.com/episode112/ Assigned to a government bunker https://coldwarconversations.com/episode107/ Visit to a Royal Observer Corps monitoring post and interview with the Chief Observer who served in the post  https://coldwarconversations.com/episode30/ Alistair McCann has preserved a Royal Observer Corps monitoring post as a museum in Northern Ireland. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode11/ Book giveaway info and extra videos https://coldwarconversations.com/episode285/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In 1990, a country disappeared. When the Iron Curtain fell, East Germany simply ceased to be. For over forty years, from the ruin of the Second World War to the cusp of a new millennium, the GDR presented a radically different German identity to anything that had come before, and anything that exists today. Socialist solidarity, secret police, central planning, barbed wire: this was a Germany forged on the fault lines of ideology and geopolitics. I talk with acclaimed historian Katja Hoyer Whose new book Beyond the Wall: East Germany, 1949-1990 offers a kaleidoscopic new vision of this vanished country. Beginning with the bitter experience of German Marxists exiled by Hitler, to the creaking foundations of socialism in the mid-1980s, we discuss that amid oppression and frequent hardship, East Germany was yet home to a rich political, social, and cultural landscape, a place far more dynamic than the Cold War caricature often painted in the West. Powerfully told, and drawing on a vast array of never-before-seen interviews, letters, and records, this is the definitive history of the other Germany, the one beyond the Wall.  0:00 Introduction to the episode and Katya Hoya 2:37 Katya Hoya's approach to researching and writing about East Germany 7:35 Arrival of Gruppe Ulbricht in Soviet occupied zone of Germany 15:19 Public sentiment towards the formation of East Germany 21:24 The 1953 uprising in East Germany 24:19 The economic disparity between East and West Germany 33:10 Evidence of Honecker's collaboration with Nazi authorities 45:17 Car ownership in East Germany: perceptions and realities 1:00:14 The unique relationship between Helmut Kohl and Honecker 1:10:16 The impact of reunification on East Germany's economy and workforce 1:21:43 Ending notes, book promotion, and thanks to supporters UK listeners can support CWC by buying the book here https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9780241553787 US listeners can support CWC by buying the book here https://bookshop.org/a/92195/9781541602571 The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Details and extra video content on this link https://coldwarconversations.com/episode284/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Richard was 6 years old when he was uprooted from a school in the United States to a Soviet school 700 miles East of Moscow.  In 1988 the Soviet Union was opening up following Michael Gorbachev’s policy of Perestroika and American firms began looking at the possibility of trading with the Soviet Union. It was politically and economically sensitive and his family was chosen to be sent to the USSR to open a factory in the industrial town of Nizhnekamsk in Tartarstan.  They lived in a special apartment building designated for foreigners and Richard attended the local school. Being thrown in the deep end of a Soviet school was a shock to him and he had to adapt fast, not least by learning Russian.  He describes his school experiences and the stark contrasts with his previous life. Despite the difference, he found being six years old in the Soviet Union in all, rather fun. There was a Lunar Park for us to go on rides, war-themed toys like tanks and soldiers even at school, and all sorts of mischief were had.  Life in Nizhnekamsk was hard on his mother who had to stay at home a lot and found the whole experience painfully boring.  0:00 Introduction and Richard's move to the Soviet Union 5:32 Life and impressions of Nizhnekamsk, the Soviet industrial city 11:57 Schooling and social experiences in the Soviet Union 24:22 Sponsor break 24:33 Dealing with school dynamics and ideological content in subjects 31:25 Restrictions and mischief in the Soviet Union 35:00 Family struggles and lifestyle in the Soviet Union 41:10 Fond memories and reasons for leaving the Soviet Union 44:41 Reconnecting with old schoolmates and appreciation of Soviet architecture 48:07 Acknowledgment of financial supporters and invitation to donate 49:03 Closing remarks and promotion of Cold War Conversations store Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation, you will give me the ammunition to keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Photos and extra content here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode283/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Brian Regal entered the US Army in 1977 and served on the M60A1 tank initially as a driver. The M60A1 was America's primary main battle tank during the Cold War, with initial deployment in 1960 and combat service through to 1991. After tank school, Brian was sent to West Germany where he was assigned to the 3/35 Armor in the Bamberg Garrison as part of the 1st Armored Division US Army, where the 3/35 was tasked to fight a Warsaw Pact attack across the Czechoslovak and East German borders. Brian was also his company’s nuclear, biological and chemical warfare specialist. He describes in detail his training, how patrols were conducted along the borders, an incident with a Soviet Military Liaison mission car, the war games amongst the West German civilians, as well as practice alerts. It’s a great chat and Brian is frank about his role and the scant expectations for survival if war did come.  He is now Dr. Brian Regal, Professor for the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine at Kean University, New Jersey web page: https://sites.google.com/a/kean.edu/brian-regal-phd/ 0:00 Introduction and Brian Regal's initial days in the US Army 1:53 Request for donations to support the podcast 7:00 Brian's decision to join the Army and training experiences 23:41 Arrival at the first duty station in Bamburg Garrison, Bavaria 28:57 Introduction to M60A1 tank and its features 37:56 NBC training and nuclear chemical defense 52:54 Practice alerts and close calls during the Cold War 1:01:05 Rules of engagement at the border and description of fortifications 1:07:58 Interaction with German civilians and Soviet military during service 1:31:08 Journey to becoming a tank commander 1:35:48 Episode extras and appreciation for financial supporters Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The fight to preserve Cold War history continues and via a simple monthly donation you will give me the ammunition to keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra photos and videos here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode282/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In 1987 Martin received a letter informing him of his conscription into the Dutch Army. A number of European NATO countries had conscription during the Cold War. Holland’s applied to men over the age of 18 and included service for about a year, after which you were placed on the reserve.   Martin objected to military service as a conscientious objector on religious grounds. Conscientious objectors could perform alternative civilian service instead of military service. However to get to be an official “conscientious objector” you had to pass multiple military courts and military procedures which was especially challenging for someone aged 17 years old.   Martin is very honest about his beliefs and his experiences. During the Cold War he was seen by some as an enemy because he refused to bear arms to protect his country. You may disagree with his views, but it’s a Cold War topic that is little covered elsewhere and I’m sure you will find my conversation with Martin as fascinating and powerful as I did.   0:00 Introduction to Cold War Conversations and Martin's military interaction 0:58 Conscription during the Cold War and Martin's conscientious objection 2:13 Sponsor message and user testimony 4:30 Martin's family's experiences and his draft notice 10:54 Process and challenges of becoming a conscientious objector 22:07 Martin's moral position and Ian's comments 24:10 Attempts to avoid conscription and Dutch law 29:37 Anti-nuclear movement in Holland and soldiers' participation 33:39 Martin's gratitude for the law and public reaction to his conscientious objection 41:19 Perception of conscientious objectors and Martin's replacement service 48:26 Current status of conscription in the Netherlands 53:05 Martin's perspective on defending his country and serving humanity 56:51 Podcast extras, call for support, and closing remarks Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ .Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/281 The foundation Martin works for as a volunteer is: https://www.emmy.foundation/  Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Mark Baker was featured in episode 9 where he told us about working in Czechoslovakia in the 1980s as a journalist for a small publishing company called Business International (BI). He was the company’s Czechoslovakia expert and with his Czech minder Arnold he travelled to Prague and other cities to report on significant economic and political developments. In 2021, he published “Čas Proměn” (“Time of Changes”), written in Czech, it is a collection of stories about Central and Eastern Europe in the 1980s and early ‘90s. Over the Christmas 2021 holidays, as he was visiting family in Ohio, he received a surprise email from a Czech academic. He was writing to Mark that he had finished reading the book and that he liked it. But then he added, cryptically, that Mark might want to revise part of it for future editions as he had found Mark’s Czechoslovak secret police surveillance file…  We hear about the plans the Czechoslovak secret police had for Mark and the secret of Operation Oheň, aka Operation Fire. 0:00 Introduction to Mark Baker's story 2:40 Mark's journey as a journalist in Czechoslovakia 5:59 Discovering Arnold's collaboration with the secret police and Mark's own surveillance file 14:14 Reflection on the photographs from Mark's surveillance file 19:45 Decoding the secret language and understanding the code names in the file 24:01 Unveiling Mark's first appearance on the secret police radar 44:15 Mark Baker: Operation Ohen and the infiltration of US Embassies 45:00 Changes after the fall of the Berlin Wall and end of STB operations 48:59 Ian Sanders: Closing remarks, reminders and invitation to join the discussion group Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Now if you think there is a vast army of research assistants, audio engineers and producers putting together this podcast you’d be wrong. This podcast relies on your support to enable me to continue to capture these incredible stories and make them available to everyone for free.  If you’d like to help to preserve Cold War history and enable me to continue to produce this podcast you can via one off or monthly donations. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/for more details. Listen to mark's previous episode here https://pod.fo/e/f83f Mark's blog is available here. https://markbakerprague.com/part-1-introducing-our-man-inter Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

We return to Dirk’s story from episode 278 with a move to East Berlin following his mother’s divorce from his father. Dirk finds school life more relaxed where pupils are allowed to wear Western clothing and to speak more openly, even questioning their teachers about the existence of the Berlin Wall. After leaving school, Dirk starts work in a factory from which he can see into West Berlin and he longs for a life away from the restrictions of East Germany. His mother’s new partner is a conscripted border guard who advises him not to attempt an escape over the Wall. However, as East Germany starts to implode in November 1989 Dirks sees a chance to escape…  We also hear of his and his family’s life in the new Germany where at school reunions the children of Stasi families reveal their secrets and his mother sees the contents of her Stasi file. 0:00 Introduction and Dirk's life in East Berlin 7:24 Dirk's career and encounters with international leaders 15:33 Dirk's changing perspectives on East Germany and life near the Berlin Wall 20:06 The risks of escaping East Germany and Dirk's involvement in 1989 demonstrations 24:18 Dirk's escape to West Germany 30:32 Arrival in West Germany and the reunion with his mother 36:43 The adjustment to the reunification of Germany 39:59 Post-reunification life and Dirk's connections with school friends 42:17 Discoveries from Stasi files and the impact on Dirk's family 44:53 Closing remarks and promotion of episode extras Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Dirk's previous episode https://coldwarconversations.com/episode278/ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode279 Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dirk lived in the town of Bernau about 15 miles from East Berlin. Just outside Bernau was Wandlitz the residential estate of the East German leadership. As a result, Bernau had one of the highest densities of Stasi facilities in East Germany. Dirk shares details of his childhood growing up in a Plattenbau block of flats where his school friends were children of NVA officers, Stasi officers, and Soviet Army officers. He shares some fascinating details of school life and visits the homes of his school friends in Bernau. However, his parents clashed with his school teachers as they bullied Dirk for wearing western clothing. We also hear how his parent's anti-soviet view originated with his grandparents fleeing the World War 2 Soviet invasion of East Prussia and an Uncle who was arrested and disappeared in Berlin in 1945.  0:00 Introduction and Dirk's early life in East Germany 8:45 Impact of the Berlin Wall on Dirk's family and visits from West German relatives 16:22 Confrontations with teachers over Western influences and passive resistance to East German authorities 22:36 Discretion about Western influences and maintaining friendships with children of East German and Soviet army officers 27:38 Visiting the homes of Russian friends and experiences with Russian conscripts 35:21 Treatment of Soviet conscripts as observed by British troops and daily life amidst the Soviet and East German armies 41:09 Hidden bunkers, bases in East Germany, and Stasi surveillance of Dirk's family 45:01 Discussion about escaping East Germany and family visits to West Germany 47:06 Preview of Dirk's story in the next episode and acknowledgments Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Videos and extra episode info here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode278 Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Ana Montes was the most damaging female spy in US history. For nearly 17 years, Montes was one of the government's top Cuba experts, with easy access to classified documents. By night, she was working for Fidel Castro's Cuba, listening to coded messages over shortwave radio, passing US secrets to handlers in local restaurants, and slipping into Havana wearing a wig. Her only sister, Lucy, worked for the FBI helping the FBI flush Cuban spies out of the United States. Little did Lucy or her family know that the greatest Cuban spy of all was sitting right next to them at Thanksgivings, baptisms, and weddings.  I speak with investigative journalist Jim Popkin whose book Code Name Blue Wren, weaves the tale of two sisters who chose two very different paths and reveals the making of a traitor- a woman labelled "one of the most damaging spies in U.S. history" by America's top counter-intelligence official. After more than two decades in federal prison, Montes was freed in January 2023. 0:00 Introduction to Anna Montes and her spying activities 10:15 Anna Montes' radicalization and move to Washington 18:10 Anna's trip to Cuba and her spy training 26:12 Anna's entry into the DIA and her unique method of passing information 33:14 Anna's communication methods with Cuba and her siblings joining the FBI 42:01 Colleagues' perception of Anna and her personality changes 49:37 The FBI's success in Cuban counterintelligence operations and suspicions about Anna 54:42 Agent S's identity and the investigation into Agent S 1:02:19 Building the case against Ana Montes and the evidence found 1:07:20 Ana Montes' promotion, arrest, and prosecution 1:15:22 Anna Montes' unapologetic stance and her sentence 1:18:08 Jim's book: Code Name Blue Ren 1:19:07 Cold War Conversations Facebook Group and store promotions Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Buy the book here https://amzn.to/3l9s47k Episodes mentioned Number stations https://coldwarconversations.com/episode239/ Photos and videos relating to this episode https://coldwarconversations.com/episode277/ The battle to preserve Cold War history is ongoing and your support can provide me with the ammunition to continue to keep this podcast on the air. Via a simple monthly donation, you’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Every weekday on the History Daily podcast, Lindsay Graham takes you back in time to explore a momentous moment that happened ‘on this day’ in history.  1989 was a pivotal year for the Cold War. The fall of the Berlin Wall, free elections in Poland, and the almost bloodless revolutions in the other Warsaw Pact countries apart from Romania. However, two other important events occurred in 1989 and this bonus episode will cover those events. So here is the 1989 US Invasion of Panama and the 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre courtesy of our friends at History Daily. Just search History Daily in your podcast app for further episodes. https://www.historydaily.com/ We have two full episodes for you. 1989 US Invasion of Panama December 20, 1989. President George H.W. Bush launches a US invasion of Panama to depose the country's dictator, and former CIA informant, Manuel Noriega. The Tiananmen Square Massacre June 3, 1989. In a bloody government crackdown on dissent, Chinese troops storm Beijing's Tiananmen Square and open fire on a pro-democracy demonstration, killing hundreds of unarmed civilians. Related videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode276/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Tim Lyon was an officer assigned to the 400th Strategic Missile Squadron located in Cheyenne Wyoming. The Squadron was maintained 50 Peacekeeper ICBM missiles based in underground silos in farmers’ fields in remote areas of Wyoming. Tim was one of two launch officers who were responsible for 10 of these missiles. He and his colleague would descend forty to sixty feet below ground to a concrete capsule that housed the Launch Control Centre. There he would spend 24-hour alerts ready to launch 100 nuclear warheads — each with twenty times the explosive force of the Hiroshima bomb at speeds of 15,000 mph.  We hear in detail about his training, the testing procedures, security, and how he handled such a huge responsibility. Tim also describes launching one of these missiles from a test site in the US. Episodes mentioned: Commanding a Royal Navy Polaris Nuclear Missile Submarine https://coldwarconversations.com/episode168/ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode275/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Warning: This episode does cover the subject of suicide. If you need help please use these links: UK https://www.samaritans.org/how-we-can-help/contact-samaritan/ Rest of the World https://findahelpline.com/i/iasp Dean Reed was an American actor, singer and songwriter, director, and Socialist who became a huge star in Latin America and the Eastern Bloc. Neil Jacobs is a guitarist who first met Dean Reed briefly while renting accommodation from Will Roberts, who directed the documentary of Dean Reed called “American Rebel”. Neil served on the US Cultural Delegation to the Moscow World Youth Festival in 1985 and unlike most of the participants, he was assigned by the Soviets. I did not go through any of the screening processes that the American Delegation had undergone, and therefore has a unique perspective on the event. It was at this event he began his friendship with Dean Reed. Additionally, he traveled with Dean Reed extensively both in the US and in the Eastern Bloc from 1985 -1986 and was one of the last people to see him before his death. 0:00 Introduction and Content Warning 4:46 Neil's first meeting with Dean Reed and their friendship 7:03 Filming and Screening of "American Rebel" 11:26 Dean Reed's Mentoring and Support for Neil 15:00 Dean Reed's experiences at the World Youth Festival 20:18 Dean Reed's Relationship with Host, Ian Sanders 24:44 Dean Reed's Struggle to Reestablish a Career in the US 28:19 Dean Reed's Controversial Stance on the Berlin Wall 32:46 Discussion on German Fascination with American Western Cowboy Culture 41:21 Dean Reed's Unexpected Death and Speculations 46:19 Mysterious Deaths of Celebrities in East Germany 51:54 Fears and Speculations about Dean Reed's Death 54:14 Impact of the Chernobyl Incident on Dean Reed's State of Mind 55:06 Closing Remarks and Acknowledgments to Supporters Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Listen to our other Dean Reed episodes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode97/ https://coldwarconversations.com/episode98/ The battle to preserve Cold War history is ongoing and your support can provide me with the ammunition to continue to keep this podcast on the air. Via a simple monthly donation, you’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Photos and videos relating to this episode https://coldwarconversations.com/episode274/ Neil Jacobs web site https://www.neiljacobs.com/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On 10 February 1962, Gary Powers, the American pilot whose U2 spy plane was shot down in Soviet airspace, was released on “The Bridge in Spies” in Berlin by his captors in exchange for one Colonel Rudolf Abel, aka Vilyam Fisher - one of the most extraordinary characters in the history of the Cold War.   Born plain William Fisher in Newcastle upon Tyne, in the UK this British grammar schoolboy was the child of revolutionary parents who had fled tsarist oppression in Russia. Their son returned to his spiritual homeland, the newly formed Soviet Union, and became a spy, embarking on a mission to New York, where he ran the network that stole America's atomic secrets.   In 1957, Willie's luck ran out and he was arrested and sentenced to thirty years in prison. Five years later, the USSR's regard for his talents was proven when they insisted on swapping him for Gary Powers.  I speak with Vin Arthey, the author of “Abel. The true story of the spy they traded for Gary Powers” Vin Arthey has traced Willie's tale from the most unlikely of beginnings in Newcastle, to Moscow, the streets of New York, and back again, a story of Cold War espionage to rival anything in fiction. 0:00 Introduction and discussion about Willie Fisher's spy work 10:26 Willie Fisher's upbringing and education in England 18:49 Fisher's move to Russia and his early years in Soviet society 25:33 Fisher's entry and rise in the intelligence services 38:41 Fisher's significant operations during the Great Patriotic War 42:52 Fisher's training and espionage work in the US 57:42 Fisher's capture, trial, and the role of his defense lawyer, Jim Donovan 1:08:26 The spy exchange, Fisher's imprisonment, and contact with his family 1:14:23 Fisher's life post-exchange in the Soviet Union and his role in the KGB 1:19:15 Fisher's final moments and the KGB's surveillance of him Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Buy the book here https://amzn.to/3D9di6B Episodes mentioned The Rosenberg’s https://coldwarconversations.com/episode184/ Portland Spy Ring https://coldwarconversations.com/episode138/ https://coldwarconversations.com/episode139/ The battle to preserve Cold War history is ongoing and your support can provide me with the ammunition to continue to keep this podcast on the air. Via a simple monthly donation, you’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Videos and further infor here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode273/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Marie-Claude Hawkes continues her story with her return to Berlin in 1985 as a French teaching assistant at the Havel School RAF Gatow, teaching French and taking part in school activities in West and East Berlin. Between September 86 and August 87 Marie-Claude was employed as a cartoonist for the Berlin Bulletin, the weekly magazine for the British Forces in Berlin. Marie Claude describes her experiences as a French citizen working for the British Army as well as the challenges of being a French civilian in Berlin marrying a British citizen.  In February 1988 Marie-Claude started work as the Director of Extra-Mural Studies at 46 AEC (Army Education Corps), Smuts Barracks in Spandau.  While organising various classes for service men/women and their ‘dependents’, she also provided interpreting and trips to East Berlin for various purposes, one illegal… It’s a fascinating view of Cold War Berlin from a perspective not heard before.  7:14 Marie-Claude Hawkes' experiences in Berlin and role at the Harvard School 14:39 Marie-Claude Hawkes' post-marriage life and career in the Army Education Corps 17:28 Life in Berlin, cultural barriers, and infamous locations 20:49 Marie-Claude Hawkes' role in the Education Center and adventures in East Berlin 30:06 Unique rules and regulations of living in Berlin: 'Berlinology' 33:37 Discussions on Berlin defense and encounters with Soviet officers 38:53 Marie-Claude Hawkes' wedding and experience on the French military train 46:26 Inquiry about Stasi files and reflections on being a part of history 48:16 Sponsor: Episode extras and gratitude to financial supporters 48:50 Closing remarks and preview of next episode Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Episodes mentioned: The Defence of RAF Gatow https://coldwarconversations.com/episode257/ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra info including photos, and videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode272/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In 1981 Marie-Claude Hawkes was an 18-year-old living in Amiens, France when she embarked on a trip to East Germany looking for adventure…  Among her experiences was working in a lignite coal mine. Lignite is considered the lowest rank of coal and the most harmful coal to human health but was a major fuel source for East German power stations. Marie-Claude travelled from Paris to Leipzig on an overnight train, staying at the International Youth Camp in Borna. From there she travelled every day to work in the open lignite mine at Espenhain, about 16 miles from Leipzig.  She describes working at the mine, weekends off, visits to Leipzig, Magdeburg, Weimar, and a potato peeling factory...! It’s a fascinating view of East Germany away from the capital Berlin.  0:00 Introduction and Mary Claude Hawkes' initial experiences in East Germany 2:06 Sponsor: Promotion of Cold War Conversations and listener's testimonial 4:51 Mary Claude Hawkes' journey to East Germany and arrival at the International Youth Camp 13:43 Work and life in the International Youth Camp 22:37 Leisure time: visits to Leipzig and after-work activities 25:51 Travel experiences and evening entertainment in East Germany 29:01 Political experiences and visits to various factories 33:11 Working conditions and run-in with authorities 40:01 Impressions of Magdeburg and East Berlin 44:13 Return to Paris and plans for future visits to Berlin 45:23 Sponsor: Thanks to financial supporters and invitation to join the Facebook Discussion Group 46:19 Closing remarks and mention of the Cold War Conversations store Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Check out the episode related photos and videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode271/ Radio GDR If you are interested in East Germany we can highly recommend our friends over at Radio GDR. Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Part 2, of a two part recording. Part 1 is here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode268 In October of 2022, I was asked by the West Pennines Military Vehicle Trust to moderate a Q&A session with a number of BRIXMIS veterans. Attending were Drivers Neil Walton, Pete Curran, Dave Collins and Kev Smith, plus Sandy Saxton-Warne (Joint operations & weapons) , Mike Hill (Tour officer), Mike Corcoran (Weapons), and Dave Butler (Senior Non Commissioned Officer, Tourer). It was an amazing afternoon of reminiscing about their experiences and viewing the amazing collections they had from that time.  My good friend Colin Dyter was a massive help with the recording, but a quick note that the audio is not up to the usual quality of Cold War Conversations, due to background noise, but I think the events and activities described definitely make it worth listening to. 0:00 Introduction and background on the episode's guests 2:15 BRIXMIS veterans and their stories 6:44 Importance of safeguarding sensitive equipment and intelligence gathering 14:52 Identifying and tracking Soviet equipment 24:06 Scavenging procedures and notable discoveries 30:22 Operation Tomahawk and the risks of tour driving 39:35 Confrontations with Russians and successful escapes 46:17 Use of maps and marking points of interest in the Cold War 58:10 Collecting memorabilia and living conditions in the DDR 1:02:14 Closing remarks and episode extras Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode270 Support the show Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In 1986 Soviet Leader Mikhail Gorbachev said “Never perhaps, in the post-war decades has the situation in the world been explosive and hence more difficult and unfavourable as in the first half of the 1980s. “ He was referring to a period of immense tension between the Soviet Union and NATO when in 1983 a NATO exercise called Able Archer was believed to have almost accidentally started World War 3.  We delve into the Able Archer archives to talk about the most recent documents with Francesca Akhtar, a researcher whose main research interests are US Cold War foreign policy, intelligence history and defence.  Francesca has written a dissertation entitled “The most dangerous Soviet-American confrontation since the Cuban Missile Crisis?” An analysis of the origins, nature, and impact of the Able Archer 83 incident. 0:00 Introduction and context about Able Archer 1:07 Overview of Able Archer and its potential to start World War 3 2:15 Sponsor message and call for donations 3:19 The changes in Able Archer in 1983 and misconceptions 6:51 Context of shooting down of Korean airliner in 1983 and comparison with the Cuba missile crisis 10:31 Status of UK archives on Able Archer and challenges in obtaining information 14:11 Discussion on the cancellation of Able Archer in 1990 and continuation despite potential misunderstandings 21:11 Introduction to the revealing documents in the February state department release and discussion on Perroots' letter 32:11 The letter that sparked an investigation and possible preemptive strike 35:03 Post-exercise NSA message, Soviet readiness, and criticism of US intelligence 41:17 Soviet side and access to information and concluding remarks on the Cold War scare 47:16 Acknowledgement of the episode extras and appreciation of financial supporters 48:30 Closing remarks and promotion of the Cold War Conversations store Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Regular listeners will remember that Francesca talked about Able Archer 83 previously in Episode 19. The battle to preserve Cold War history is ongoing and your support can provide me with the ammunition to continue to keep this podcast on the air. Via a simple monthly donation, you’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. View the actual Able Archer intelligence briefing documents here as well as videos, and extra information https://coldwarconversations.com/episode269/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In October of 2022, I was asked by the West Pennines Military Vehicle Trust to moderate a Q&A session with a number of BRIXMIS veterans. Part 2 is here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode270 Attending were Drivers Neil Walton, Pete Curran, Dave Collins and Kev Smith, plus Sandy Saxton-Warne (Joint operations & weapons) , Mike Hill (Tour officer), Mike Corcoran (Weapons), and Dave Butler (Senior Non Commissioned Officer, Tourer).  It was an amazing afternoon of reminiscing about their experiences and viewing the amazing collections they had from that time. Don’t miss part 2 which follows next week.  My good friend Colin Dyter was a massive help with the recording, but a quick note that the audio is not up to the usual quality of Cold War Conversations, due to background noise, but I think the events and activities described definitely make it worth listening to. 0:00 Introduction and story from Dave Collins 5:25 Dave Collins recounts the night the wall came down 8:47 Neil Walton talks about their communication system and shares stories of challenging situations 15:41 Monitoring equipment and weapon remnants in East Germany 21:21 An encounter with the MFS during a tour 28:20 Discussion about different units and experiences in the army 39:04 Understanding 'tarpology' and recognizing Soviet equipment 44:35 Special permits and fast driving experiences 54:04 Using thermal imaging in the Cold War 1:01:14 Cliffhanger - The discovery about the missile 1:01:42 Acknowledgement of financial supporters and call for donations Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode notes herehttps://coldwarconversations.com/episode268 Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Sean Kelly is the author of Home Bases: Memories & Stories of US Military Bases Around London which for the first time, puts the spotlight on the history of many of the US Military’s lesser-known command and support bases that were located either in or close to London. The bases (often known as ‘Little Americas’) are furthermore brought to life in a series of ‘snapshot’ memories. We hear about the heroism of US personnel who were awarded the George Medal for bravery in rescuing people caught in the great floods of 1953 as well as including actor Larry Hagman who played JR Ewing in the TV series Dallas.    We talk about the memories of bases further afield such as Upper Heyford, Greenham Common, Sculthorpe, and Burtonwood. 0:00 Introduction and background of Sean Kelly 1:59 Sponsor: Call for donations 2:23 Guest Introduction: Sean Kelly 7:38 Sean Kelly's book "Home Bases" and the history of US military bases in London 15:20 Personal stories from US military bases 28:31 Transformation and current state of Greenham Common 34:11 Personal anecdotes from those who served on the bases 48:54 The peak of the Cold War in the UK and discussion about the Burtonwood base 58:24 The special relationship between the UK and the US and the importance of personal stories in understanding history 1:02:30 Where to Find Sean Kelly's Book and Contact Information 1:06:22 Podcast Extras and Support Information Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Buy the book here https://amzn.to/3V8959o The battle to preserve Cold War history is ongoing and your support can provide me with the ammunition to continue to keep this podcast on the air. Via a simple monthly donation, you’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. I am delighted to welcome Sean Kelly to our Cold War conversation… Sean's websites Home Bases https://www.facebook.com/ushomebases 7 North Audley https://www.facebook.com/7NorthAudley Episodes referred to: Greenham Common https://coldwarconversations.com/episode18/ Burtonwood https://coldwarconversations.com/episode74/ Upper Heyford https://coldwarconversations.com/episode65/ Further episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode267/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

We’re back with Alan Hodges, a Royal Tank Regiment Chieftain tank commander, and Mick Hadfield who was his 17-year-old gunner.  In this episode we talk in detail about their deployment within a kilometer of the East German border and their tasks should H Hour have come as well as emergency deployment from barracks. There is no affection for their main training area at Soltau described as “the moon with a few trees and also in less polite terms. However, these training periods are made better by the regular appearance of Wolfgang, a German entrepreneur and British Army legend who was uncannily able to place his snack vans whenever the British Army deployed.  We also hear how the crew was also trained on how to evacuate the tank if it was hit as well as how to evade capture and resist interrogation. It’s anecdotes galore again including a visit from a Swedish Major who unwisely was given the chance to drive Chieftain.  There’s also sadness as we remember those that never came back from exercises due to accidents. It’s the continuing story of the close bond that soldiers forge that still lasts to this day.  0:00 Introduction 2:37 Discussion of training procedures and deployment strategies 6:20 Recollection of training exercises and potential war scenarios 12:39 Experiences and preparations for potential emergency situations 19:17 Experiences with escape and evasion exercises 23:50 Reflections on Exercise Lionheart and Soltau training area 29:51 Discussion of casualties of Cold War training exercises 34:48 Reflections on the seriousness of training and camaraderie developed during service 44:47 Maintaining focus and motivation during training and visits to both sides of Berlin 49:17 Discussion about Cold War literature and potential film creation 51:14 Reality of military life and benefits of being stationed in Germany 54:02 Social activities in Germany and episode wrap-up Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra videos and photos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode266/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Alan Hodges was a Royal Tank Regiment Chieftain tank commander and troop SGT in West Germany. Mick Hadfield was his 17-year-old gunner. The affection between the two is still apparent even today and Mick still calls Al his army Dad. Mick met Al in 1987 straight out of his armoured corp gunnery training at Catterick. They served for 3 years together in 1st Royal Tank Regiment in Hildesheim from August 87 to December 90.  They share detailed insights into the operations of the Chieftain, the training, the camaraderie of a crew as well as important details like how you go the loo in a tank.. As part of 1st Royal Tank Regiment they were at the time (the most forward-facing Tank unit in BAOR and given a 2-hour life expectancy. They were told that if the Soviet 3rd Shock army crossed the border, each Chieftain would have to knock out a minimum of 10 Soviet tanks before they got overrun. 0:00 Introduction  4:07 Mick's journey into the army and Al's family military background 10:04 Experiences with the Chieftain Mark 2 tank and its components 16:40 Structure of the tank regiment and regional recruitment 23:59 Training process for the Chieftain crew and simulation experiences 34:06 Cold War threat discussion and ammunition types 42:49 Physical experience of being in a tank and recalling incidents 47:25 Reality of fighting in AFVs and potential for motion sickness in a tank 57:04 Relationship between a crew and their tank, tuning for performance 1:02:40 Knowledge of the battleground and teaser for the next episode 1:03:30 Closing remarks and invitation to the Facebook discussion group Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Extra videos and photos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode265/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In the early 1970s, the athletes of East Germany started to achieve incredible sports results, winning medals and setting new world records with astonishing frequency. For many years, their sporting supremacy was hailed as a triumph of the socialist government's commitment to scientific research and innovative training methods. However, after the Cold War ended, the Stasi archives revealed a sinister secret behind the successes: a perverse doping system imposed by the government itself. Drugs were administered to young athletes, often without their consent, and the price their bodies are now paying is very high, both physically and mentally.   I talk with Joseph Tudor, whose new book Synthetic Medals reveals the events that led to the discovery of the state-doping system and the subsequent trial. It also explores the state's motives for this crime against its own people. 0:00 Introduction and Joseph Tudor's perspective on East German doping 2:04 Sponsor: Call to support the Cold War Conversations podcast 4:12 East Germany's adoption of artificial methods to enhance athletes' performance 10:43 Unveiling the East German 'athlete machine' 17:47 The International Olympic Committee's suspicions about East Germany's success 21:44 Prevalence and detection of doping in East German sports 26:05 Resistance and consequences against Stasi's involvement in sports 31:49 Discovery of State Plan 14.25, East Germany's state doping program 34:03 Legal challenges surrounding East Germany's doping program 38:39 The devastating side effects of doping drugs on athletes 45:30 Legacy of East German athletic success and the role of doping 52:37 Athletes returning their medals due to guilt of doping 56:13 Sponsor: Promotion of the book 'Synthetic Medals: East German Athlete's Journey to Hell' 57:05 Closing remarks and promotion of the Cold War Conversations store Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Extra episode info here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode264/ Buy the book here https://amzn.to/3gVZbtI and support the podcast. ========================================================== Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.   Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. ========================================================== Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

From the moment East Germany was formed in 1949, many of its citizens chose to leave to start a new life in the West. By the mid-1950s, the trickle had turned into a flood as large numbers rejected Walter Ulbricht’s Communist paradise. His ‘Workers’ & Peasants’ State’ could not afford to lose the skills and productivity of these key workers, so he proposed a radical solution - to physically fence in the whole population.  I speak with Andrew Long, the author of a series of books about Cold War Berlin as we explore the background and build-up to the building of the Berlin Wall, from the closing of the Inner German border to the momentous events of August 1961. We examine in detail how Operation Rose, the operation to close the border between East and West Berlin, was planned and executed and look at how the West reacted. 0:00 Introduction 1:04 Formation and Exodus of East Germany 7:51 Dissent and Exodus in East Germany 15:39 The Unique Situation in Berlin and the Establishment of Air Corridors 18:11 Khrushchev's Ultimatum and the Role of Nuclear Deterrence 24:16 Arrival of JFK and the Renewed Ultimatum 33:27 Operation Rose and the Planning for the Berlin Wall 47:08 Situation at Checkpoint Charlie and Allies' Response 56:43 Propaganda and Defection Post-Border Closure 1:07:30 Rules of Engagement and Fortification of the Berlin Wall 1:11:23 Acknowledgement of Financial Supporters and Donation Call to Action Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Extra episode info here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode263/ Buy Andrew's books here https://amzn.to/3hI6N2Y and support the podcast. Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Photos and video extra here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode263/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dave Phillips is a Yeoman Warder at the Tower of London. The Yeoman Warders have been guarding the Tower since Tudor times.  Dave joined the British Army aged 16 into the Royal Irish Rangers. We hear of his early years in the Army in Northern Ireland and his posting to West Berlin. In West Berlin Dave is part of the force that guarded Rudolf Hess, a leading member of the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany and appointed Deputy Führer to Adolf Hitler in 1933.  On 10 May 1941, Hess made a solo flight to Scotland, where he hoped to arrange peace talks with the British. He was arrested and stood trial at the 1946 Nuremberg trials of major war criminals. The court convicted him of crimes against peace and of conspiracy with other German leaders to commit crimes and was given a life sentence in Berlin’s Spandau Prison.  Dave describes interactions with Hess, as well as the guard duties and operation of the prison.  0:00 Introduction and Dave Phillips' early experiences in Berlin 1:04 The story of Rudolph Hess and his arrest 6:16 Dave's experiences in Berlin and Spandau Prison 15:38 A typical day for Hess in Spandau Prison and guarding duties 24:56 Hess's time at the Tower of London and conversations with him 28:59 Military training in Berlin and preparations for a potential invasion 36:00 Interaction with other occupying forces and West Berlin locals 39:44 Dave's return to Berlin years later and reminiscing about the fall of the Berlin Wall 45:16 Career progression, service in Northern Ireland and UN Peacekeeping 49:22 Dave's current role as a Yeoman Warder at the Tower of London 52:54 Financial support and donations Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode videos and photos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode262/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

We continue the story of Richard Stachurski from the previous episode. Part 1 is here  https://coldwarconversations.com/episode260 In 1971 Richard left NASA and was assigned to the Drone/Remotely Piloted Vehicle Systems Program Office at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio.  From 1975-1978 Richard did a tour of duty with the Air Staff at the Pentagon in Washington D.C. and between 1978-1981: he was Deputy Program Manager, Ground Launched Cruise Missile Program (GLCM) System Program Office-engaged in the adaptation of the Navy’s SLCM for use by the Air Force.  In 1981 he was assigned to the staff at USAFE Headquarters (Ramstein Air Force Base, Germany) responsible for the deployment of the GLCM to five European countries (England, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, and Italy).  Richard was then promoted in 1984 to Vice Commander, Commander, 487th Tactical Missile Wing, Comiso Air Station, Sicily where he was responsible for the missile wing's operational readiness, and his troops' welfare. 0:00 Introduction and background of Richard Stachurski 4:18 Rationale behind developing drone programs 13:12 Design and manufacture of the missile launcher and control center 17:34 Richard Stachurski's agreement to go to the Royal College of Defense Studies in London 34:45 Initial impressions of Comiso Air Base and roles at the base 41:10 Encounter with Russian special forces 45:30 Dealing with peace protesters and security protocol 46:49 The short-lived cruise missile program 51:59 The significance of the Apollo 11 mission 53:20 Cold War Conversations Store Promotion Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode notes and videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode261 Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Richard Stachurski joined the US Air Force in 1962, on the cusp of the Cuban Missile Crisis as a security police officer guarding nuclear-armed B-58 Hustler bombers. Within two years he volunteered for the Minuteman nuclear missile program where he served as a Deputy Missile Combat Crew Commander with the 68th Strategic Missile Squadron at Ellsworth AFB, South Dakota. Richard was the junior officer on a two-man crew in a launch control capsule buried beneath the South Dakota prairie who was charged with monitoring the status and launching if necessary ten Minuteman ICBMs.  In 1965 he was selected as one of 128 Air Force officers to be loaned to NASA to support the activation and operation of the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas. He worked his way up to being a Network Controller, who sat two consoles to the right of the Flight Director in the Mission Operations Control Room. He was responsible for all the ground systems that supported an Apollo mission and was selected as the lead Network Controller on Apollo 11 working on both the launch from Earth and the first-ever launch from the lunar surface. 0:00 Introduction and Career Overview of Richard Stachurski 2:33 Richard's Journey in the US Air Force and the Cuban Missile Crisis 9:25 The Minuteman System and Life in the Bunker 20:14 Launch Protocols and the Dynamics of Working as a Missileer 27:03 Richard's Transition to NASA and his Role in Apollo 11 34:29 Apollo 11 Launch Day, Landing, and Return to Earth 44:43 Richard's Experiences during Apollo 13 and Subsequent Missions 48:10 The Camaraderie and Humour in High-Stress Situations 50:00 Acknowledgements and Promotion of the Cold War Conversations Online Store Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨  Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. One-off donations are also welcome. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Episode notes , inc photos and video here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode260/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The Home Service Force or HSF was UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's Cold War version of the World War 2 Home Guard.  An almost forgotten unit, the HSF was established in 1982 and recruited from ex-regular Army, ex-territorial and ex-uniformed service personnel aged up to 60 years old. Its mission was to guard key points in the UK as the perceived threat from Warsaw Pact special forces increased towards the end of the Cold War. I speak with Richard Coles, who served as an officer in the HSF Company of The Honourable Artillery Company (HAC). He tells of the setup of the unit, the incredible characters he served with and details some of the exercises that he participated in.   0:00 Introduction and overview of the Home Service Force 2:38 Richard Cole's background and establishment of the Home Service Force 6:34 Recruitment and training process for the Home Service Force 13:51 Role and perceived threats of the Home Service Force 21:45 Diversity and roles within the Home Service Force members 29:12 Memorable characters and experiences within the Home Service Force 34:31 Career paths and attitudes towards promotion within the Home Service Force 38:35 Various training exercises and anecdotes from the Home Service Force 47:28 Disbandment of the Home Service Force and its irony 51:44 Richard Cole's service in 2 HAC companies and reflections on the bond between old soldiers 53:18 Sponsor: Episode extras, acknowledgements, and invitation to Facebook discussion group Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ The Cold War Conversation continues in our Facebook discussion group and on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. I am delighted to welcome Richard Coles to our Cold War conversation… Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode259 Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Back in the 1970s, migrating from the Soviet Union was an unattainable dream for many, particularly Jews wanting to leave for Israel. To leave the Soviet Union for another country, it was necessary to obtain exit visas. In practice, many people found them impossible to get.  On the morning of June 15, 1970, 16 Soviet Jews who had been refused exit visas appeared at Smolny Airport near Leningrad to hijack a plane. They posed as a group going to a wedding — hence the name of the operation. The plan devised a year before the attempted hijacking, was quite straightforward. The hijackers would target a small aeroplane and book all the seats on it. They would commandeer the aircraft and leave the pilots unharmed on the landing strip, while one of the conspirators would take control of the aeroplane and fly it to Sweden. I speak with filmmaker Anat Zalmanson-Kuznetsov whose film “Operation Wedding” reveals the compelling story of her parents, the leaders of the group.  0:00 Introduction and background on Soviet Union migration 7:22 The Struggle of Soviet Jews' Emigration 11:16 The Origin and Execution of Operation Wedding 17:03 The Arrests and Aftermath of Operation Wedding 24:36 Prison Conditions and International Reaction 30:17 Influences and Interventions: Golda Meir and Franco 33:03 Soviet Restrictions on Emigration and Its Impact 35:22 Release and Life Post-Prison for Anat's Parents 40:52 The Making of the Film "Operation Wedding" 42:49 Acknowledgement of Supporters and Closing Remarks Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. One-off donations are also welcome. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. I am delighted to welcome Anat Zalmanson-Kuznetsov to our Cold War conversation… Episode notes and full film here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode258/   Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Trevor Howie’s role at RAF Gatow was advising the Station Commander on Station defence during times of war, tension or terrorist threat as well as the defence of 26 Signals Unit at the Teufelsberg listening post.  RAF Gatow’s western side was located right against the Berlin Wall which was clearly visible from the control tower. Beyond the Wall was the Döberitz training area for the Soviet and East German Army.  Soviet jets regularly overflew West Berlin emitting sonic booms to underline the immediate threat from their forces.  To gain intelligence about the opposition Trevor used the resident De Havilland Chipmunk aircraft to see across the Wall and observe the neighbouring Soviet and East German forces. He describes the defence plans and exercises such as Exercise Grizzly Bear where every member of the air station would have played a part in its defence. Trevor vividly describes how he heard that the Wall had opened on 9th November 1989.  It’s a fascinating view of British forces in Berlin and their plans should the Cold War have turned hot. 0:00 Introduction and Trevor Howie's role at RAF Gatow 3:53 The role and responsibilities of a station regiment officer 8:21 The vulnerability of the base and the plan in case of an attack 13:37 Life in Berlin during the Cold War 19:50 Discovery of a Stasi spy on the base and introduction to British Services Security Organization 23:50 Preparations for Exercise Grizzly Bear and the realization of the fall of the Berlin Wall 31:24 Enhanced security measures post-fall of the wall 37:27 Impact of the fall of the wall on Berliners and the beginning of the exit of Soviet forces 43:10 Discovery of World War 2 ammunition and relics in the base 46:10 Podcast extras, appreciation of financial supporters Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode257/ Please leave a review. If you enjoy the podcast, please leave a written review. Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Following his RAF Regiment officer training Trevor Howie was posted to 34 Sqn at Raf Akrotiri in Cyprus, commanding C Flight. The RAF regiment was effectively the Royal Air Force’s infantry, providing ground defence for air operations. 34 Sqn had a dual role of providing defence at Akrotiri and in the event of war at RAF Wildenrath in Germany.  Trevor vividly describes his time at Akrotiri, including terrorist threats and realistic anti-riot training exercises the enthusiasm of the Argyle and Sutherland Highlanders required a hospital ward to be kept available for casualties.   In 1986 Trevor became involved in Nuclear Weapon Security training, where the training techniques he introduced were the subject of complaints. His service also includes stints at RAF Greenham Common where he describes providing support to the US nuclear-armed cruise missile deployment there.  Don’t miss next week’s episode where Trevor is posted to RAF Gatow in West Berlin as the Station Regiment Officer, responsible for advising the Station Commander on how to defend the Station during times of war, tension or terrorist threat. 0:00 Introduction and brief about Trevor Howie's role during the Cold War 2:31 Trevor Howie's training and role in Cyprus 14:17 Description of weaponry and tactics used during the Cold War 22:30 Potential terrorist incident and precautions taken 30:04 Security and transportation of Britain's nuclear weapons 35:43 Evolution of military readiness and training for competence 42:15 Use and criticism of physical punishment in military training 46:08 Transforming challenges into rewarding experiences during training 48:03 Role in protecting cruise missiles at Greenham Common 54:24 Conclusion: Episode extras and thanking financial supporters Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis is reckoned to be one of the most perilous events in history, when the World faced a looming nuclear collision between the United States and Soviet Union. During those weeks, the world gazed into the abyss of potential annihilation. I speak with Sir Max Hastings whose new history  Abyss: The Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 tells the story from the viewpoints of national leaders, Russian officers, Cuban peasants, American pilots and British disarmers. The period is brought to life with eye-witness interviews, archive documents and diaries, White House tape recordings, and top-down analysis. More than purely a focus on the 13 days of the crisis, the book provides context through the Cold War experiences of Fidel Castro’s Cuba, Nikita Khrushchev’s Russia, and Kennedy’s America.  Among the areas we discuss are how Cuba became a crisis, the failure of intelligence on both sides, and those nail-biting Thirteen Days in which Armageddon beckoned.  Buy the book and support the podcast https://amzn.to/3rlPLsM 0:00 Introduction and discussion on the Cuban missile crisis 7:35 Examination of the decision-making approaches during the Cuban Missile Crisis 15:07 Analysis of Jack Kennedy's political considerations and the missile gap myth 25:58 Comparison of Nikita Khrushchev's wisdom and Putin's actions in Ukraine 33:30 Analysis of fear's role in decision-making during the Cuban missile crisis 40:29 Discussion on the portrayal of military leaders in the Cold War 43:05 Exploration of communication failures and the impact of technology during crises 48:08 Cultural context and perspectives of the missile crisis era 52:10 Personal memories and humor in the face of the missile crisis 57:05 Conclusion and details about Max Hastings' book, "Abyss" Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode255/ Please leave a review. If you enjoy the podcast, please leave a written review. Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Fred Haise was one of the three astronauts on the ill-fated Moon mission when a design fault caused an oxygen tank to explode mid-mission putting the Apollo 13 crew in mortal danger on April 13th, 1970. This was the seventh crewed mission in the Apollo space program and the third meant to land on the Moon. Now as you can imagine I’m genuinely excited to be speaking with one of the Apollo astronauts. Fred and I talk about his life and his almost accidental entry into flying. We cover his admission into the astronaut programme, the family impact, and as you can imagine go into some detail about his experiences on the Apollo 13 mission.  Many of you will know of this mission via the Film “Apollo 13” starring Tom Hanks, and Fred shares his views on the film and corrects some of the inaccuracies. Buy Fred's new book Never Panic Early: An Apollo 13 Astronaut's Journey and support the podcast here https://amzn.to/3DvCRzN 0:00 Introduction 6:14 Fred Haise's journey to becoming an astronaut and role in Apollo 11 16:39 Selection and preparation for Apollo 13 mission 32:41 The Apollo 13 crisis: the explosion, aftermath, and survival 51:21 Critical maneuvers to correct trajectory back to Earth 1:03:42 Activation of the command module and return journey 1:11:12 Splashdown and immediate aftermath 1:18:48 Analysis of Apollo 13 film and Fred Haise's book 'Never Panic Early' 1:25:17 Episode extras, acknowledgment of financial supporters, and closing remarks Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link. I am delighted to welcome Fred Haise to our Cold War conversation… Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode254 Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/  All audio/video/photos courtesy of NASA. Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Richard Blevins enlisted aged 18 in the US Army in March of 1987. He completed Basic Training & Military Police School training in July of 1987 and was posted to West Berlin as a United States Military Policeman.  He describes his selection for Berlin duty while at Rhine-Main AFB in Frankfurt and his first journey across East Germany on the US Duty train to West Berlin.  Richard’s first year consisted of patrol duties and combat training as well as serving at Checkpoints Bravo and Charlie as the assistant to the Non-commissioned Officer in Charge.  He also got selected as a traffic accident investigator in 1988 where he would patrol with the West Berlin Police and respond to all car accidents involving US military, dependents, and civilian workers as well as West German nationals.  Richard also describes how he heard the news on November 8th, 1989, that Erich Honecker had lifted all travel restrictions on East Germans starting at midnight.  He is a close friend of Michael Rafferty who appeared in episode 13 with his account of the last days of Checkpoint Charlie. Don’t miss Michael’s video of 1980s Berlin in the episode notes. 0:00 Introduction with Richard Blevins 5:00 Richard's journey to Berlin and first encounter with Soviet troops 15:00 Contrasting West and East Berlin and living conditions 25:00 Richard's assignment to 3rd platoon: Patrol duties, training, and interactions with Royal Military Police 35:00 Liaising with Soviets and training with British units 45:00 Duties at checkpoints Bravo and Charlie 55:00 Living near the Berlin Wall and its transformation post-fall 1:05:00 Friendship with Michael Rafferty and plans to revisit Berlin 1:10:00 Security measures for soldiers and interactions with locals Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Richard Blevins to our Cold War conversation… Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode253 Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

MZ was an East German motorcycle manufacturer located in Zschopau, Saxony. The acronym MZ stands for Motorenwerke Zschopau GmbH (German for Zschopau engine factory).  In the 1980s MZ was regarded by the British motorcycle press as producing ugly and old-fashioned (if worthy) motorcycles however, there was a hard-core set of UK fans who loved this relatively, cheap and easy-to-repair bike. Julian Howe was a big fan of the MZ bike. He tells of a bizarre honeymoon of fellow MZ club members which involved MZ bike fans from across the UK touring Western Europe and the Warsaw Pact Countries.  From sharing drinks with border guards to being on the receiving end of CS gas in Krakow it’s a tour through late 1980s Europe on the back of a two-stroke MZ motorbike. 0:00 Introduction and background on MZ motorcycles 1:21 Call for donations and testimonial from a supporter 5:28 The journey begins - crossing the border into East Germany 11:26 Interaction with an East German border guard and reflections on environment 15:20 Entering Poland and experiences with locals 22:19 Crossing through Czechoslovakia into Hungary and visit to a private museum 26:12 Visit to Prague and interactions with locals 29:37 Return journey through East Germany and humorous encounter at the border 33:47 Julian's most memorable experience from his trip and favorite media recommendations 38:29 Closing remarks and appreciation for financial supporters 39:02 Encouragement to join the Facebook group and continue the conversation Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Julian Howe to our Cold War conversation… Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode252 Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

This is the 2nd part of my interview with Lt Col. Stephen Harrison, MBE who served for two years as a full-time Touring Officer with BRIXMIS. The tours were hazardous three-man, vehicle-borne patrols collecting intelligence on the Warsaw Pact forces in East Germany for up to five days and nights over a series of four-month patrolling periods.  In this episode, we hear of Stephen’s imprisonment in a Soviet Army gaol, following detention in a Soviet Army garrison town as well as East German and Soviet Army press coverage about his activities.  Stephen’s speciality was using his language skills to engage and befriend opposition troops and thereby gaining valuable intelligence. He used to go into bars frequented by Soviet officers and recalls one particular drunken night in Potsdam..  We also hear about his visit to the infamous World War 2 prison camp of Colditz castle where he befriends the staff enabling other BRIXMIS tours to visit regularly. Stephen also shares details of the top-secret Operation Tomahawk, a particularly unpleasant mission which may not be for those of a sensitive disposition. In later years Stephen obtained his Stasi file which reveals that the surveillance on him was far closer than he’d ever believed. 0:00 Introduction and Stephen Harrison's role in BRIXMIS 10:21 Stephen's arrest and time in a Soviet military cell 15:48 Stephen's role as interpreter and socializing with Soviet officers 22:53 Stephen's experiences during town and cultural tours 27:38 Stephen's Stasi files and the accuracy of their reports 33:25 Stephen's work and dealing with detentions 38:49 Operation Tomahawk: Exploiting Soviet military rubbish tips 47:57 Reflecting on the human side of intelligence gathering 49:45 Podcast end notes, acknowledgments and donation information 50:15 Invitation to join the Cold War Conversations Facebook group Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Stephen to our Cold War conversation… Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode251/ Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ There is nothing like hearing history from those that were there... Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Lt Col. Stephen Harrison, MBE served for two years as a full-time Touring Officer with BRIXMIS. These Tours were hazardous three man, vehicle-borne patrols collecting intelligence on the Warsaw Pact forces in East Germany for up to five days and nights over a series of four-month patrolling periods.  They lived in the field and did not carry weapons while Soviet and East German troops were nearly always armed, and their ever-present sentries carried live ammunition. The Tours operated in the closest proximity to these hostile and aggressive Warsaw Pact troops whose orders permitted them to use whatever force necessary, including opening fire, to protect the property they are guarding. We hear in detail about Stephen’s experiences in these demanding and frequently dangerous situations, as well as how he used his language skills to engage and befriend opposition troops gaining valuable intelligence which made him a particular threat to the Soviets. Don’t miss part 2 here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode251/ 0:00 Introduction and Background of Lieutenant Colonel Stephen Harrison 2:19 How to Donate to Cold War Conversations 5:27 Stephen's Experiences and Roles During the Cold War 15:05 Techniques and Strategies Used on Tours 23:14 Emergency Situations and Adaptations During Tours 30:10 Interactions with East German Population and Soviet Troops 41:13 Encounter with Soviet Air Defense System and Other Incidents 47:39 Reflections on Risk-Taking during Operations 47:58 Closing Remarks and Acknowledgements of Financial Supporters Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Stephen to our Cold War conversation… Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode250/ Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

A young Claudia Bierschenk lived at the edge of a world called the GDR, in a village surrounded by hills, valleys and thick forests.  Her great uncle lives in the Forbidden Zone, the area where the East German border is a few metres away from West Germany. This is where the villages are like ghosts towns and inhabitants need special permits to enter. Claudia provides a vivid and unique description of entering the Forbidden Zone for the first time after being granted special permits to visit her Great Uncle on his 80th birthday. His house is the last house before the final border fences and Claudia describes up close to the fences, while her grandfather tells her about “rabbit discos”… We also hear more of her life in this isolated area, including strange sports activities and Claudia’s experience of being trained as a 12-year-old Para medic. We end the episode talking about how she and her family experienced the momentous events of 1989 when the border opens, and East Germans are free to cross into West Germany.  Claudia has distilled these stories into a book, Never Mind, Comrade, published by Tangerine Press Don’t miss our previous episode with Claudia here https://pod.fo/e/137f1e 0:00 Introduction 1:00 Life and experiences in East Germany featuring Claudia Biashek 10:07 Claudia's family history during World War 2 17:10 Claudia's journey to the restricted zone and first sight of the Berlin Wall 25:35 Claudia's family decision to emigrate and the fears associated 34:35 Claudia's experience during the opening of the borders and crossing into the West 44:27 Adaptation to life in the West 46:00 Introduction to Claudia's book, "Nevermind Comrade" 46:24 Acknowledging financial supporters of the podcast Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Claudia to our Cold War conversation… Enter the draw to win a copy of the book here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode249/ Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Radio GDR If you are interested in East Germany we can highly recommend our friends over at Radio GDR. Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

A young Claudia Bierschenk lived in a village surrounded by hills, valleys and thick forests at the edge of a world called the GDR. It could be beautiful, but the Iron Curtain runs through it, like a tectonic plate separating East and West and Claudia from her West German relatives.  She tells of her life in this isolated area, of village life, far away from the socialist showpiece of East Berlin, where there are only two types of yoghurt in the village store. In a series of snapshots, we re-live her childhood of secretly watching West German TV, learning “Marxism-Leninism for kids” at school, and the rare joy of a phone call from the West. We also hear of her parents’ challenges. For her father, it’s his home village, but he is criticised for his liberal views and for wearing Western braces to school. Locals see her mother as an outsider, and she yearns for a life in the West with her sister in West Berlin. Claudia has distilled these stories into a book, Never Mind, Comrade, published by Tangerine Press. Buy the book here https://uk.bookshop.org/a/1549/9781910691700 0:00 Introduction and Claudia Bierschenk's early life in the GDR 6:50 Claudia's family occupations and life in a small town 14:08 Education and the system of punishment and reward in East German schools 24:06 Viewing Western television and maintaining contact with relatives in West Germany 33:07 Claudia's family experiences with the Berlin Wall and escape attempts 38:42 School experiences and navigating discussions in East Germany 44:13 Tightening of border controls and holidays in Hungary 49:56 After school activities and sports under the ideology ofEast Germany 51:30 "Nevermind Comrade" book by Claudia Bierschenk 52:00 Acknowledgement of financial supporters and call to action Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us and sharing them on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Claudia Bierschenk to our Cold War conversation… Listen to the 2nd part of this interview here. https://pod.fo/e/1395f8 Extra episode info here. https://coldwarconversations.com/episode248 All photos are © Claudia Bierschenk. Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Radio GDR If you are interested in East Germany we can highly recommend our friends over at Radio GDR. Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In 1961, members of the Alabama Air National Guard secretly took part in the failed invasion of Cuba by U.S.-backed Cuban exiles known as the Bay of Pigs. This was a covert attempt by the United States to overthrow the Soviet-allied Cuban government of Fidel Castro.  Pete Ray was one of eight Alabama guardsmen who flew combat missions on April 19th 1961, which resulted in the deaths of Pete and three members of the Alabama unit. U.S. President John F. Kennedy later acknowledged America's involvement but denied that American military personnel had entered Cuban territory. It was not until 1987 did the U.S. revealed that eight ANG members had indeed flown into Cuban airspace.  We hear from Pete Ray’s daughter Janet, who tirelessly worked to find out the truth of what happened that day despite the best efforts of the CIA, the Cubans, and the US government to obstruct her investigations. Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Janet Ray to our Cold War conversation… Photos and videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode247/ 0:00 Introduction to the podcast and the story of the Bay of Pigs invasion 2:32 Guest Introduction: Janet Ray, daughter of Pete Ray 4:22 Pete Ray's involvement in the Bay of Pigs invasion 9:34 Aftermath of the Bay of Pigs invasion and the government's cover-up 15:03 Impact of the mercenaries' deaths on their families 18:52 The fear and paranoia in the families following the Bay of Pigs invasion 22:55 Janet's investigation into her father's death and resistance from the CIA 31:58 Janet's interactions with the Bay of Pigs pilots and Fidel Castro 47:15 The truth about Pete Ray's death and the return of his body 55:58 Wrap up and closing comments by Ian Sanders Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Paul continues his story with his recruitment into the Army Air Corps. It’s initially delayed with a tour providing airfield repair in West Germany and then the Falklands, but finally, he’s at training at Middle Wallop, the home of the Army Air Corps.  He describes the training including underwater escapes, flying and navigation. As a Gazelle crewman, his role was navigator, observer and co-pilot. We hear of exercises including the lesser-known Railex/Probex, a US, French and British exercise to re-open a land corridor to West Berlin should the links be closed by Warsaw Pact forces and the British Frontier Service. Paul’s story is again full of great anecdotes and the dangerous reality of flying low-level missions in a single-engine aircraft including a forced landing with a General on board. 0:00 Introduction and Paul's recruitment into the army air corps 1:30 Sponsor: Call for donations and listener testimonial 8:08 Discussion on practice drills and Paul's deployment to the Falklands 20:02 Surviving training and posting back to Germany 24:17 Transition to a new hangar and memorable encounter with Apache helicopters 28:34 Flying the inner German border and interception of unauthorized flights 33:42 Exercise Railex Probex: A combined US, French, and British exercise 44:08 Winning the Rolls Royce Trophy and personal experiences in the army air corps 54:24 Reflecting on the dangers of the job and the forgotten casualties of the Cold War 58:33 Importance of timing for the general's travels and emergency landing due to engine failure 1:13:59 Return to the Corps of Royal Engineers and posting back to Germany 1:21:16 Paul's sunshine tour in Gibraltar and final tours 1:21:48 Closing remarks and appreciation for patrons Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Paul to our Cold War conversation… Photos and videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode246/ Don’t miss our previous episode where Paul joins the Army as a boy soldier in the Royal Engineers here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode245/ Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Paul joined the Royal Engineers in 1977, aged 16 as an apprentice. We hear of his experience of joining the army at such a young age and being away from home for the first time.  After initial training his first posting was to Osnabruck in 1979. Shortly after his arrival Paul is appointed to the challenging role of driver to the Squadron Sergeant Major With participation in exercises such as Crusader 80 and Active Edge Paul describes in detail the role of Royal Engineers in Cold War Germany, including mine laying, bridge demolition and fixed defence construction. Paul’s story is full of great anecdotes and tales of the reality of life in the British Army of the Rhine. Don’t miss our next episode where Paul joins the Army Air Corps and becomes an Aircrewman Observer on Gazelle helicopters along the Inner German Border. 0:00 Introduction to Paul's journey in the Royal Engineers 1:30 Request for support to keep the podcast running 2:31 Paul's early life and decision to join the army 9:14 Paul's arrival in Osnabruck and his role as a Land Rover driver 29:00 Paul's experiences in Germany and developing an affinity for the country 38:20 Preparation and expectations for exercise Crusader 80 47:00 Cooperation with German farmers during the exercises 59:00 The humanity of the Sergeant Major and the challenges of dispatch riders 35:33 Transition to engineering tasks during the Crusader 80 exercise 42:20 Paul's transition to support troop and working with REME workshop 51:01 Paul's career move and application for the Army Air Corps 52:56 Ian Sanders: Closing thoughts and reminders Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Paul to our Cold War conversation… Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode245/ Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In the early 1980s East Germany had just 5000 members of the Church of Latter-day Saints, many of which had been members since before World War 2.  In 1982 East German leader Erich Honecker historically allowed the church to build a temple in Freiberg and in 1988 Mormon missionaries were allowed into East Germany. Ken Brady describes his experiences as a Mormon missionary in East Germany as the country gradually disappeared and was absorbed into West Germany.  Ken also gives us a valuable view of life away from Berlin in cities such as Cottbus, Gorlitz, Schwerin, Frankfurt an der Oder and Eisenhüttenstadt. It’s a fascinating story told with humour and candour as Ken grapples with local dialects, the local food and tricks with East German currency.  0:00 Introduction and Ken Brady's early interest in East Germany 7:16 The Church's operations in East Germany before the fall of the Berlin Wall 12:24 First impressions of East Germany 21:17 Fear of the Stasi after the fall of the Berlin Wall 28:18 Encounters with locals suspecting them to be CIA agents 34:19 Sightseeing and exploring local culture on days off 42:19 Guidance on political party selection and introduction of West German products 46:17 Teaching religion to those with no prior experience 56:22 Currency Unification and its impact on East Germany 1:09:00 Ken Brady's service in West Berlin 1:18:18 The stark contrast of Soviet architecture 1:21:00 Thanking the Patrons and final remarks Table of contents powered by PodcastAI✨ Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You’ll get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you’ll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history.  Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ If a financial contribution is not your cup of tea, then you can still help us by leaving written reviews wherever you listen to us as well as sharing us on social media. It really helps us get new guests on the show. I am delighted to welcome Ken to our Cold War conversation… Episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode244/ Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook here https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram here https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Radio GDR If you are interested in East Germany we can highly recommend our friends over at Radio GDR. Support the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter https://twitter.com/ColdWarPod Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/ Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/ Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices