The Science Show

The next time you pick up a bag of spuds from the supermarket or fill up the car with petrol, you can thank the Treaty of the Metre for the metric system that underpins daily life.  The treaty was signed exactly 150 years ago, when delegates from 17 countries gathered in Paris to establish a new and standardised way of measuring the world around us.  But the metre's inception predates the treaty that bears its name by nearly 100 years. So how did it come about, and how has its definition changed over the centuries?  This episode was first broadcast in May 2025.  You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  Bruce Warrington, CEO and chief metrologist of the National Measurement Institute  More information:  The metre originated in the French Revolution, but its definition has changed many times since  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

Australia's summer UV levels are high enough to cause sunburn in as little as 11 minutes. Yet the summer sun in the Northern Hemisphere rarely feels that full on. So why does our sunlight have that extra "bite"? Spoiler: it's not the hole in the ozone layer. You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  David Whiteman, medical epidemiologist and Cancer Control group leader at QIMR Berghofer More information: Why is UV so high during Australia's summer? The ozone hole is not to blame Cancer Council — UV Radiation World Health Organization — Radiation: The ultraviolet (UV) index CSIRO — The future of the ozone hole This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

She became an expert on fleas and despite no formal education received honorary doctorates from both Oxford and Cambridge was elected a fellow of The Royal Society.

She could only read and write from age 10. She reared children and had a first unsupportive husband. But Mary Somerville was able to correct the work of Isaac Newton, help discover Neptune, and write a science book which became a university text.

Every now and again, dozens or even hundreds of perfectly healthy looking whales strand themselves on a beach.  And despite people's best efforts, many — if not all of them — will die.  So why do whales strand themselves, and why do they seem to do it at the same locations?  This episode was first broadcast in August 2025.  You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  Kate Sprogis, marine mammal ecologist at University of Western Australia  More information:   Cause of mass pilot whale stranding at Cheynes Beach still no clearer one year on  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

Norman Swan, Fiona Stanley and Lorin Clarke describe their involvement with Robyn Williams and The Science Show with MC Richard Glover at a party celebrating 50 years of broadcasting.

It's impossible to escape microplastics. They're in our food and water, and the air around us is teeming with them.  So considering they're all around us, how can we minimise our exposure to tiny plastic fragments without resorting to living in a cave?  This episode was first broadcast in August 2025.  You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  Cassandra Rauert, microplastics researcher at the University of Queensland  More information:  Microplastics are in our food, water and air. How can we minimise our exposure to them?  Human exposure to PM10 microplastics in indoor air  Average household dishwasher releases 33 million nano and microplastic particles per year, research finds   Laundry is a top source of microplastic pollution — but you can clean your clothes more sustainably  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

She battled rigidities of 18th century Europe. But with writer and philosopher Voltaire, Émilie du Châtelet led the Enlightenment.

Australia's known for having some of the world's toughest sunscreen standards, but in June, that reputation was rocked. Independent testing of 20 sunscreens found 16 did not meet their advertised SPF50 rating, including three children's sunscreens and three sold by the Cancer Council. So how are sunscreens tested, and what can we learn from these recent SPF revelations? This episode was first broadcast in September 2025. You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring: John Staton, scientific director at SciPharm More information: What is SPF, and how is sunscreen's sun protection factor tested in the laboratory? Choice report finds popular Australian sunscreens fail to meet SPF claims on label This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

Retiring Vice Chancellor of the University of South Australia David Lloyd awarded Pratchett two honorary degrees. In exchange, the author honoured the university with a special scholarship – to be offered every year forever. This week David Lloyd explains his enthusiasms for the Discworld author in front of a packed audience at the Hawke Centre in Adelaide.

A huge cold blob of air above Antarctica and bushfires spreading along ridgelines don't appear to have anything in common, yet the strange behaviour of these natural phenomena — and many others — can be understood and explained by mathematics.  You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  Chantelle Blachut, mathematician at UNSW Canberra

In her book Prove It! Elizabeth Finkel presents the evidence showing no link between pain relief drugs and autism

Step into the supermarket and there's plastic around just about everything, even mangoes — and not all that packaging will be properly disposed of. So with around 20 million tonnes of plastic polluting the environment each year, not to mention the potential health effects of microplastics, is there a better, more environmentally friendly alternative? You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au Featuring: Edward Attenborough, chemical engineer and chemist at Monash University More information: Bacterial species-structure-property relationships of polyhydroxyalkanoate biopolymers produced on simple sugars for thin film applications This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Taungurung people.

The International Astronautical Congress held in Sydney showed how space science is vital to our modern world.

Astrophotographers have had another great month, with the aurora australis lighting up night skies as far north as southern Queensland. And while you might've heard that the best of this bunch of auroras is behind us, don't put your camera away just yet. There's good reason to think the southern lights will illuminate the sky well into 2026. It all depends on what the Sun shoots in our direction … and we might find ourselves in the firing line more often over the next few months. You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au Featuring: Brett Carter, space weather researcher at RMIT University More information: The Sun Reversed Its Decades-long Weakening Trend in 2008 When the southern lights are seen further north This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Taungurung people.

University departments of geology and geophysics are getting smaller or closing. So how will we find new mineral deposits?

It looks like most of Australia is in for a warmer-than-usual summer this year. That's according to the Bureau of Meteorology's long-range forecast, which was released in October. So — without a crystal ball — how do meteorologists make weather predictions so far out, how accurate are they, and how is climate change affecting them? You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au Featuring: Karl Braganza, National Manager of Climate Services at the Bureau of Meteorology More information: BOM's first long-range summer forecast shows increased chance of extreme heat This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Taungurung people.

In just 75 years the Earth’s average temperature is predicted to be close to 3 degrees above pre-industrial levels. We are in the fast lane to a different world, one that will not be friendly to the current range of plants and animals, including humans. The race is on to cool our overheating planet.

Thanks in part to 18th-century nuns, we now know that having children and breastfeeding reduces a mum's risk of developing breast cancer for years, even until her kid is well into primary school. Now Australian scientists have discovered how breastfeeding specifically enlists the immune system to protect against an aggressive and hard-to-treat type of breast cancer. You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  Sherene Loi, medical oncologist at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre  Extra information:  Parity and lactation induce T cell mediated breast cancer protection  Having children and breastfeeding reduces breast cancer risk by triggering immune system, study finds  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

Robyn Williams reports from the 2025 Prime Minister's Prizes for Science ceremony in Parliament House Canberra.

It's mid-afternoon and time for a treat! Do you choose a healthy piece of fruit, or do you head straight for the chocolate?  It turns out that well before we consciously decide what we're going to eat, our brain has already weighed up our choices — and in a fraction of a second.  Now a new study shows which food attributes are processed by our brain faster than others, and how this might influence our dietary decisions.  You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  Violet Chae, PhD student at the University of Melbourne  More information:  Characterising the neural time-courses of food attribute representations  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

We’ve built a picture of the evolution of biodiversity based on a few accessible fossils. But the real story may be very different.

We have a mysterious visitor to our little patch of the cosmos this week: A comet called 3I/ATLAS.  This icy, rocky ball is only the third interstellar object we've discovered zooming past our Sun.  There are scientists who think the comet may be alien technology sent from another solar system to invade Earth, but space agencies poured cold water on this idea.  So how will we know if we truly find evidence of extraterrestrial life?  You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au Featuring:  Laura Driessen, radio astronomer at the University of Sydney  Astronomers discover 3I/ATLAS — third interstellar object to visit our Solar System  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

An additive in paint converts ultraviolet light into red light allowing plants to grow more producing higher yields, a boon for greenhouse agriculture.

Around 1.5 million years ago, in what's now Kenya, a human-like figure walked across the savannah.  He was probably quite short by our standards, no taller than Danny DeVito.  But unlike Danny DeVito, this ancient figure was not human. He was a long-extinct relative of ours called Paranthropus boisei.  And now his fossilised hand bones are giving us never-before-seen insights into how he and his species lived.  You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au    Featuring:  Carrie Mongle, palaeoanthropologist at Stony Brook University and the Turkana Basin Institute  More information:  New fossils reveal the hand of Paranthropus boisei  Fossil hand bones hint that ancient human relative Paranthropus made tools 1.5 million years ago  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

Jonathan Porritt’ recent book, Love, Anger and Betrayal charts the lives of young British climate campaigners. Meanwhile in Australia under-16s are about to be banned from using social media.

Few astronomical wonders are as spectacular as a total solar eclipse, when the Moon fully covers the Sun, plunging us into daytime darkness.  If we're lucky, we can see this epic phenomenon as it happens — through special glasses, of course. But our preoccupation with looking at the sky means we may not notice what's happening to the animals around us.  When it comes to birds, many of which rely on the Sun to tell them when to sing a dawn chorus, how does a solar eclipse change how they behave? And what are the wider implications in this artificially lit world?   You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  Liz Aguilar, PhD student in bird reproductive behaviour at Indiana University Bloomington More information:  Total solar eclipse triggers dawn behavior in birds: Insights from acoustic recordings and community science  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

Richard Robson from the University of Melbourne has been awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry, the nation’s first Chemistry Nobel in 50 years.

This has been a bumper year for whale-watching on Australia's east coast, with thousands of humpbacks spotted cruising along their annual migration route.   This population was almost wiped out by whalers last century but has bounced back — and then some. A new estimate suggests there are now more of these humpbacks than in pre-whaling times.  So why are the eastern Australian humpbacks going gangbusters while other populations aren't doing nearly as well?  You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  Wally Franklin, marine scientist at Southern Cross University and the Oceania Project  More information:  Eastern Australian humpback whale population now well above pre-whaling levels, report finds Boom to bust? Implications for the continued rapid growth of the eastern Australian humpback whale population despite recovery  The Oceania Project  If you want to hear about how other Australian whales are going, check out The plight of the southern right whales.  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

The BA, as it was known, established in 1831, was set up to advance science in the interest of the people, old and young, professional and lay. So, how well is it doing now amid international turmoil.

For decades, climate scientists have been tracking a curious phenomenon. Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are steadily increasing overall but they also rise and fall in an annual rhythm — like the planet is breathing. Each spring, in the southern hemisphere, carbon dioxide levels start to plateau or maybe even drop slightly before shooting up again after summer. So what's driving these seasonal changes? You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring: Nick Deutscher, atmospheric chemist at the University of Wollongong This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

Iconic jellyfish in saltwater lakes are disappearing.

If you've been watching the Women's Rugby World Cup, you may have noticed players have been wearing special mouthguards that light up when they've suffered a significant knock to the head. It's the first time these concussion-predicting mouthguards have been trialled at a major competition. So in the wake of recent concussion concerns, from professional AFL and rugby league to community competitions, is this the future of sport? You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  Kate O’Halloran, digital journalist with ABC Sport  More information:   Women's Rugby World Cup players trialling flashing mouthguards to help predict concussions  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

Sophie Ly takes us to Palau to meet scientists and traditional knowledge custodians who are working together to uncover the secrets of Palau’s ancient terraces.

Australia’s known for having some of the world’s toughest sunscreen standards, but in June, that reputation was rocked.  Independent testing of 20 sunscreens found 16 did not meet their advertised SPF50 rating, including three children's sunscreens and three sold by the Cancer Council.  So how are sunscreens tested, and what can we learn from these recent SPF revelations? You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au  Featuring:  John Staton, scientific director at SciPharm  More information:  Choice report finds popular Australian sunscreens fail to meet SPF claims on label  This episode of Lab Notes was produced on the lands of the Wurundjeri and Menang Noongar people.

Just as quantum physics is poised to launch computing into a new era of capability, researchers are seeing the first signs of quantum effects in biology.

When you think of leaders in the space sector, big hitters like NASA and private companies like SpaceX spring to mind. But since the very beginning of the Space Age, Australia has played a role in the space flight industry. And this year, an Australian company tried to launch a rocket from Australian soil. So why is Australia building and launching rockets at all, especially when so many nations are already miles ahead? You can binge more episodes of the Lab Notes podcast with science journalist and presenter Belinda Smith on the ABC Listen app (Australia). You'll find episodes on animal behaviour, human health, space exploration and so much more.

As The Science Show concludes its celebration of 50 years, we remember John Clarke’s contributions to early Science Shows and point to a film just released looking at John’s life, produced by his daughter Lorin.

One in four Australians get hay fever, and as the planet warms, our seasonal sneezes and sniffles are tipped to get much, much worse.

Join us for highlights from fifty years of The Science Show including Fred Dagg, who helps us with the big questions: what is it all about and why are we here?

Every now and again, dozens or even hundreds of perfectly healthy looking whales strand themselves on a beach. Scientists have a few theories on why they do this.

Samples from asteroids have helped build a theory of the origin of complex molecules and how they made it to Earth.

Fresh Australian dietary guidelines are due next year, and they’ll likely focus on the health of the planet as well as people.

Small chemical groups inserted or removed from around DNA may affect gene expression and so be a way to control genetic blood disorders such as sickle cell anaemia and beta thalassemia.

Meat ants don't sound like the most endearing Australian animals. These purple-red insects are super territorial, swarming and biting anything that threatens their nest.  But it turns out they're not just aggressive, flesh-tearing fighters. They're also farmers, architects, and — best of all — cane toad exterminators.

Is the US shooting itself in the foot, or shooting itself in the head? As Donald Trump removes funding for medical research, climate research and more, Matthew England reflects on how science will help us cope with a changing world.

It's impossible to escape microplastics. They're in our food and water, and the air around us is teeming with them. So considering they're all around us, how can we minimise our exposure to tiny plastic fragments without resorting to living in a cave?

A 100-yr flood is now a more regular occurrence in the German town of Passau, bringing widespread destruction, another local impact of a planet getting hotter.

It feels like you can't go a week without hearing about some new quantum technology which promises to change our lives for the better.  But quantum mechanics is already well and truly present in our daily life — and you don't even have to be a physicist to be using it.

There was a famous debate. And truly weird ideas about how the universe works at a subatomic level. Shelby Traynor traces the history of quantum mechanics.

If you've given birth to three daughters, what are the odds that your next child will also be a girl? One in two, right? Well … maybe not. The odds of having a fourth girl could be a fair bit higher than 50 per cent, according to a new study into families with single-sex sets of siblings.

Discover the story of a pair of brothers who invented an early electric scooter, humidicrib, fax machine, Olympic scoreboard — and much more! — in their South Australian workshop from the 1930s to the 60s. We also learn about a trial that's generated energy from the waves, and unearth two rare photographs of a long-lost bandicoot species.

A huge net, weighed down by heavy chains, swiftly sweeps across the ocean floor, scooping up everything in its path.  This type of fishing, called bottom trawling, was illuminated in a new documentary, Ocean with David Attenborough.  Bottom trawling is known for indiscriminately gathering all sorts of marine species, as well as damaging the sea floor.  But with the practice producing around a quarter of the world’s wild-caught seafood, are there ways to make it more sustainable?

In an electrifying episode of the Science Show, find out how getting struck by a bolt from the heavens can help at least one species of tall tree not only survive, but thrive.  Then step back in time to solve a tool-making mystery in Samoa and discover hidden treasures in centuries-old books — including a bubonic plague flea.

In the three years since the James Webb Space Telescope sent back its first images, it's pulled back the veil on a whole bunch of mind-blowing cosmic phenomena. So how has this $13 billion bit of kit shaped what we know about the Universe — and what is yet to come?

We hear from scientists who push the boundaries of creation, whether that's building wild and wacky snack flavours (successfully) or cloning extinct tropical frogs (unsuccessfully … so far).  And since President Donald Trump retook office, the state of health and science research in the US has been precarious for many who work in those areas.  But there is a silver lining. Other countries such as Australia are implementing programs to recruit US researchers looking to relocate.

We often hear about places where the air quality is bad, even dangerous, but what about where the air is the cleanest on Earth? That air can be found blowing onto the north-west tip of Tasmania at Kennaook/Cape Grim, where an air pollution station has quietly been keeping track of how humans have changed the makeup of our atmosphere for 50 years. So what does the world's cleanest air tell us?

Karl Popper (1902-1994) is regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of science of the twentieth century. Alan Saunders presented this portrait of Karl Popper for The Science Show in January 2001.

A weekly injection that stops that hankering for hot chips and donuts? Many people on Ozempic and similar medications report this phenomenon, saying they no longer have incessant thoughts about sweets and fried food. So how do these drugs, known as GLP-1 agonists, work in the brain to dial down "food noise" and help people lose weight?

The overland telegraph connecting Australia to the world was completed just over 150 years ago. It was built due to the dedication of a public servant, Charles Todd.

It's the size of a sesame seed, but it could cause unfathomable destruction to Australia's forests and urban canopy. A beetle called the polyphagous shot-hole borer (Euwallacea fornicatus) is silently spreading through Perth and its surrounds, forcing councils to chop and chip hundreds of trees — even century-old Moreton Bay figs. So how does the tiny pest cause such massive problems?

Roger Short (1930-2021) discusses influences in his early life, and some of his research achievements including melatonin as a controller of circadian rhythms, and aspects of reproductive biology across the animal world.

First they learnt how to flip open wheelie bin lids. Now they're using water fountains. Masters of the urban landscape, sulphur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua galerita) are more than capable of some quirky (and sometimes messy) antics. So what do these entertaining exploits tell us about cockie innovation — or even cockie culture?

Get ready for gravitons, dark photons and transition states. Kathryn Zurek takes us on a tour of the bewildering world of quantum physics.

A couple of months ago, a killer started mobilising off the South Australian shore — one that would wipe out marine life, make surfers feel sick, and smother picturesque beaches in thick foam. The culprit? A bloom of tiny organisms called microalgae. We can't see them with the naked eye, but in big enough numbers, they can devastate ecosystems. So what made the South Australian algal bloom so lethal, and can anything be done about blooms like it?

People have been in the Australian wilderness for generations. But can people be considered part of the natural landscape or will they always have an impact?

If you were impressed by generative AI such as ChatGPT, then artificial general intelligence or AGI promises to really knock your socks off. Over the past couple of decades, tech companies have been racing to build AGI systems that can match or surpass human capabilities across a whole bunch of tasks. So will AGI save the world — or will it spell the beginning of the end for humanity?

She could only read and write from age 10. She reared children and had a first unsupportive husband. But Mary Somerville was able to correct the work of Isaac Newton, help discover Neptune, and write a science book which became a university text.

The next time you pick up a bag of spuds from the supermarket or fill up the car with petrol, you can thank the Treaty of the Metre for the metric system that underpins daily life. The treaty was signed exactly 150 years ago, when delegates from 17 countries gathered on a Parisian spring day to establish a new and standardised way of measuring the world around us. But the metre's inception predates the treaty that bears its name by nearly 100 years. So how did it come about, and how has its definition changed over the centuries?

Amateur fossil hunters make a major discovery. And Marilyn Renfree describes the sophisticated reproduction of marsupials.

Southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) were named by whalers because their high oil content made them the "right" ones to kill. In the decades since whaling was banned, southern right numbers increased — but a new study shows that population growth stalled, and might've dropped a bit, despite current numbers still far below what they were in pre-whaling times. So what's going on with the southern rights?

David Walker at UCLA says he can halt aging in fruit flies. Can the same concepts be applied to humans? And two tertiary students and an artist describe combining science and artistic pursuits.

Cobras, taipans, black mambas — Tim Friede's been intentionally bitten more than 200 times by some of the most venomous snakes on Earth. And he survived, mostly because years of self-injecting venom let him develop immunity to them. (Please do not try this yourself!) Now his blood's been used to make a broad-spectrum antivenom that researchers say may protect against nearly 20 deadly snakes. But this is not how antivenom is usually made. So how are snake antivenoms produced, and where are we with a "universal" version?

Mansi Kasliwal describes how she detects supernovae – the massive stellar explosions where elements are formed. We learn how dung beetles saved the Australian environment from the big problem, and David Attenborough shares his love for Birds-of-paradise.

Hate getting needles? You're in good company — one in five people in Australia have needle fear.

Sharks have survived 500 million years while mass extinctions have wiped out other species. Now, sharks are under threat.

Somewhere out past Mars in the early hours of Easter Monday, a space probe called Lucy whizzed by an asteroid named Donaldjohanson. Lucy then sent back images showing Donaldjohanson is about five kilometres wide and shaped like a peanut. It's one of a handful of asteroids on Lucy's 12-year itinerary. So what does the billion-dollar mission hope to achieve?

Palaeontology helps reveal why some animals are in desperate need of help while others thrive.

Gout Gout is fast becoming the face of Australian athletics, regularly clocking blisteringly quick times over 100- and 200-metre sprints. And he's only 17. Many think the best is yet to come. So what is it about Gout that makes him such an impressive sprinter at such a young age?

A protein in the immune system, DECTIN-1 - primarily responsible for defending the body against fungal infections, has been found to control the severity of autoimmune diseases such as irritable bowel disease (IBS), type 1 diabetes, eczema, and other chronic disorders.

We've been hearing a lot about a certain proposal to get nuclear power up and running in Australia, but little's been said about what happens when plants reach the end of their life. Decommissioning a single nuclear power plant can cost hundreds of millions of dollars and take decades. So what's involved, and why is the process so long and expensive?

Soils are too often neglected but caring for them brings many benefits for plant nutrition, human health and a boost for the farm economy.

Hearts, kidneys and now livers — over the past couple of years, surgeons have taken all these from gene-edited pigs and put them in people.

Nick Rowley reviews out progress towards net zero carbon emissions, Jared Diamond proposes mining the sea floor, and California’s legacy of Albert Einstein.

As far as planets go, they don't get much more iconic than Saturn. A huge golden ball encircled by gigantic rings.  But those distinctive rings — the very things that give Saturn its pizzazz — have seemingly disappeared.  So what’s going on, and when will they be back?

Lord Howe Island may appear an island paradise, but its ecology has been under intense pressure from invasive species such as rats and pigs. Now birds are being found with stomachs full of plastic.

They might be the epitome of cool, but Formula 1 race car drivers can get hot — really hot. An F1 cockpit can heat up to 60 degrees Celsius, and this affects cognition — the last thing you want when you're fanging around a track at 300kph. This year, a new rule was introduced to give F1 drivers a bit of relief from that heat … which is just one of the risks of F1 racing. Because we often hear about the performance of the cars in the race, but what about the humans behind the wheel?

80% of diseases are impacted by environment or lifestyle described as your exposome.  Thomas Hartung expects information from studying the exposome will bring benefits on par with those brought by studying the human genome.

For women who get bacterial vaginosis or BV, a common condition that can cause a fishy-smelling discharge, many will get it again (and again). Why some people were prone to recurrent BV was a mystery … until now.  Australian researchers have shown that BV-related bugs can be sexually transmitted, and treating male partners significantly cuts recurrence rates.

America’s top research institutions face an uncertain future.

A weekly injection that stops that hankering for hot chips and donuts? Many people on Ozempic and similar medications report this phenomenon, saying they no longer have incessant thoughts about sweets and fried food. So how do these drugs, known as GLP-1 agonists, work in the brain to dial down "food noise" and help people lose weight?

Naomi Oreskes talks about Donald Trump and her latest book The Big Myth ahead of her visit to Australia in early March.

The H5N1 strain of avian influenza is currently ripping through the US, infecting wild animals, livestock and people. One person has died, and around 70 more infections have been confirmed. Meanwhile, the Trump administration has made massive cuts to the nation's leading science and health agencies, and announced plans to withdraw from the World Health Organization. As the risk of another pandemic rises, what does all this mean for us in Australia?

San Antonio Texas has restored the San Antonio River encouraging plants and animals back to the city.

An asteroid dubbed 2024 YR4 is causing a stir among the space community and a frenzy in the media. It currently has a 2.3 per cent chance of crashing into Earth three days before Christmas in 2032. But this is not our first asteroid rodeo.  Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au

Vale the Professor of Happiness Felicia Huppert

Varroa is the parasite responsible for destroying bee colonies all around the world and is regarded as "the greatest biological threat to Australia's honey bee population." The good news is that some honey bees can fight back. And they're being helped by breeders, scientists and artificial insemination on the tiniest scale. Learn more on Lab Notes, the show that brings you the science of new discoveries and current events. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au

Unlike other deserts, Australian deserts experience occasional high rainfall. It supports a unique ecology.

Australia's summer UV levels are high enough to cause sunburn in as little as 11 minutes. Yet the summer sun in the Northern Hemisphere rarely feels that full on. So why does our sunlight have that extra "bite"? Spoiler: it's not the hole in the ozone layer. Learn more on Lab Notes, the show that brings you the science of new discoveries and current events. Get in touch with us: labnotes@abc.net.au